政府智库招聘:2010年高考英语试题分类汇编——阅读理解4

（10辽宁）
A
It was a village in India. The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries.
Then one day. Some visitors from the city arrived. The told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog’s legs. However, they did not have enough frogs of their own, and so they wanted to buy frogs from other place.
This seemed like money for nothing. There were millions of frogs in the fields around, and they were no use to the villagers. All they had to do was catch them. Agreement was reached, and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs. Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money. For the first time, the people were able to dream of a batter future. But the dream didn’t last long.  The change was hardly noticed at first, but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well. More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there seemed to be more insects around lately.
The villagers decided that they couldn’t just wait to see the crops failing and the children getting weak. They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides(杀虫剂) and medicines. Soon there was no money left.
Then the people realized what was happening. It was the frog. They hadn’t been useless. They had been doing an important job---eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.
Now, the people are still poor. But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs. These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning.
56. From paragraph I we learn that the villagers __________.
A. worked very hard for centuries     B. dreamed of having a better life
C. were poor but somewhat content   D. lived a different life from their forefathers
56. C. 细节理解题。第一段中有The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. 和C项意思一致。
57. Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs?
A. the frogs were easy money              B. They needs money to buy medicine
C. they wanted to please the visitors         D. the frogs made too much noise
57. A. 细节理解题。根据第三段和本段第一句This seemed like money for nothing. 句中for nothing是“免费的”意思，说明青蛙容易得到，并能赚到钱，村民才答应买。
58. What might be the cause of the children’s sickness?
A. the crops didn’t do well   B. there were too many insects
C. the visits brought in diseases D. the pesticides were overused
58. B. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中They had been doing an important job---eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases. 可以推断出庄稼收成不好，孩子生病与青蛙减少，害虫增多有关。
59. What can we infer from the last sentence of the text?
A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country  B. Health is more important than money
C. The harmony between man and nature is important  D. good old day will never be forgotten
59. C. 推理判断题。最后一句These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning. 现在夜晚的这些声音具有更深刻的意义。该句是一个中介句，说明人们过度捕杀造成生态失衡，由此也影响了人类，因此，可以推断人与自然的和谐是重要。
B
I hated dinner parties. But I decided to give them another shot because I'm in London. And my friend Mallery invited me. And because dinner parties in London are very different from those back in New York. There, '“I’m  having a dinner party' means: "I'm booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you can't afford and we'll be sharing the checque evenly, no matter what you eat. " Worse, in Manhattan there is always someone who leaves before the bill arrives. They'll throw down cash, half of what they owe, and then people like me, who don’t drink, end up paying even more. But if I try to use the same trick, the hostess will shout: "Where are you going?" And it's not like I can say I have somewhere to go: everyone know I have nowhere to go.
But in London, dinner parties are in people's homes. Not only that, the guests are an interesting mix. The last time I went to one, the guests were from France, India. Denmark and Nigeria; it was like a gathering at the United Nations in New York. The mix is less striking. It's like a gathering at Bloomingdale's, a well-known department store.
For New Yorkers, talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn and Queens in New York. But at Mallery's, when I said that I had been to Myanmar recently, people knew where it was. In New York people would think it was a usual new club
60. What does the word "shot" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Choice.    B. Try    C. Style.    D. Goal
60. B. 词义猜测题。从第一句的hate，到but意义上的转折，说明尽管不喜欢，还是要“尝试一下”，所以try的意思更接近shot。
61. What does the writer dislike most about dinner parties in New York?
A There is a strange mix of people.       B. The restaurants are expensive.
C. The bill is not fairly shared.       D. People have to pay cash
61. C. 细节理解题。根据第一段中They'll throw down cash, half of what they owe, and then people like me, who don’t drink, end up paying even more. 可知类似作者这样的人在纽约吃饭吃亏，因为付钱多。
62. What does the author think of the parties in London?
A. A bit unusual     B．Full of tricks.    C．Less costly.     D More interesting.
62. D.  推理判断题。根据第二段和其中的句子Not only that, the guests are an interesting mix. 可以推断伦敦的party要比纽约的有趣。
63. What is the author's opinion of some New Yorkers from her experience？
A. Easy-going.    B. Self-centered.    C. Generous.    D. Conservative.
63. B. 推理判断题。从最后一段的talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn and Queens in New York. 和In New York people would think it was a usual new club 可以推断，作者对一些纽约人的看法，是“以自我为中心的”。
C
Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.
One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.
A second study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year –olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood. But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and  don't ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人）may watch lots of TV.
Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages5 and 15. These with college degrees had watch an average of less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2 1/2 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.
In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.
While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn't have TVs in their bedrooms
64. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _________.
A. have watched a lot of TV
B. not be interested the in math
C. be unable to go to college
D. have had computers in their bedrooms
64. A. 细节理解题。根据第二段中Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs. 可得出答案。
65. What is the researchers' understanding of the New Zealand study results?
A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV.
B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest.
C. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.
D. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain
65. D. 细节理解题。根据第三段But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and  don't ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人）may watch lots of TV. 可以确定答案。
66. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. More time should be spent on computers.
B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV.
C. 'IV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms,
D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done
66. C. 推理判断题。注意最后一段开头的while是“尽管”的意思，所以这两段都是围绕儿童卧室不应该放电视机的问题。
67. What would be the best title for this text?
A. Computers or Television
B. Effects of Television on Children
C. Studies on TV and College Education
D. Television and Children's Learning Habits
67. B. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要通过两项研究分析了儿童看电视所造成的影响。文章第一段第一句话是主题句，所以B项作为标题是最佳的。
D
On May 23,1989, Stefania Follini came out from a cave at Carlsbad, New Mexico. She hadn’t seen the sun for eighteen and a half weeks. Stefania was in a research program, and the scientists in the program were studying body rhythms (节奏)。In this experiment Stefania had spent 130 days in a cave, 30 feet in depth.
During her time in the cave, Stefania had been completely alone except for two white mice. Her living place had been very comfortable, but there had been nothing to fell her the time. She’d had no clock or watches, no television or radio. There had been no natural light and the temperature had always been kept at 21℃.
The results were very interesting. Stefania had been in the cave for over four months, but she thought she had been there for only two. Her body clock had changed. She hadn't kept to a 24-hour day. She had stayed awake for 20-25 hours and then had slept for 10 hours. She had eaten fewer meals and had lost 17lbs in weight as a result! She had also become rather depressed (抑郁).
How had she spent her time in the cave? As part of the experiment she'd done some physical and mental tests. She'd recorded her daily activities and the results of the tests on a computer. This computer had been specially programmed for the project. Whenever she was free, she'd played cards, read books and listened to music. She'd also learned French from tapes.
The experiment showed that our body clocks are affected by light and temperature, For example, the pattern of day and night makes us wake up and go to sleep. However, People are affected in different ways. Some people wake up naturally at 5:00 am, but others don't start to wake up till 9:00 or 10;00 am. This affects the whole daily rhythm. As a result, the early risers are at their best in the late morning. The late risers, on the other hand, are tired during the day and only come to life in the afternoon or evening!
68. Stefania stayed in the cave for a long time because___________.
A. she was asked to do research on mice   B. she wanted to experience loneliness
C. she was the subject of a study         D. she needed to record her life
68. C. 细节理解题。根据第一段中Stefania was in a research program和整段的意思，可以排除A、B、D项。
69. What is a cause for the change of Stefania’s body clock?
A. Eating fewer meals.   B. Having more hours of sleep
C. Lacking physical exercise.   D. Getting no natural light.
69. D. 细节理解题。根据第二段中 She hadn't kept to a 24-hour day. She had stayed awake for 20-25 hours and then had slept for 10 hours. 可知答案。
70. Where does the text probably come from?
A. A novel.    B. A news story.         C. A pet magazine.       D. A travel guide
70. B. 推理判断题。从全文的内容来看，本文主要报道了一个实验及实验得出的结果，所以由此判断本文可能来自于新闻报道，A项小说不可能。因为文章没有小说的特点；C项不正确，本文没有涉及宠物问题；D项不正确，因为本文也没涉及旅游的问题。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I was ten when I first sat with my grandmother behind the cashier（收银台）in her general store.   71    I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying “thank you. ”
At first I was paid in candy.    72    I worked every day after school, and during the summer and on weekends and holidays from 8 a. m. to 7 p. m. My father helped me set up a bank account.   73
By the time I was 12, My grandmother thought I had done such a good job that she promoted me to selling cosmetics（化妆品）. I developed the ability to look customers directly in the eye. Even though I was just a kid, women would ask me such things as “ What color do you think I should wear?” I took a real interest in their questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup（化妆）ideas.   74
The job taught me a valuable lesson: to be a successful salesperson, you didn’t need to be a Rocket scientist—you needed to be a great listener. __75___ Except they are no longer women purchasing cosmetics from me; instead, they are kids who tell me which toys they would like to see designed and developed.
A.     Later I received 50 cents an hour.
B.      Before long, she let me sit there by myself.
C.      I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics.
D.     Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers.
E.      My grandma’s trust taught me how to handle responsibility.
F.      Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before.
G.     Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.
71. B. 从后一句I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying “thank you. ”可推知，作者的祖母先让作者跟着她学，然后让作者独立工作，所以他很快学会有礼貌地对待客人的重要性。
72. A. 前面有at first，和本项中的later一致。
73. G。根据前一句的My father helped me set up a bank account. 可确定答案。
74 C.  同样根据前一句确定答案。
75. D. 上文提到a valuable lesson，这里承接上下文。
（10北京）
今年是新课改第一年，为了新旧顺利衔接，加快新课改方案在高中的顺利推进，阅读理解部分增加了新题型"七选五"，命题难度降低是情理之中的。但经过一年的"试水"，师生们适应新课改的思路后，明年难度很有可能会升上去。这样，对今年的阅读理解试题的专业分析非常有必要。学而思乐加乐英语，特邀高中阅读单项教研专家杨超老师，对今年的阅读理解做了全方位的权威解析。
今年的阅读理解题遵循《2010年高考考试说明》，题型与往年保持了一致，难度稍有降低。文章本身和所附问题总词数约2300词，在往年2000-2200的词数基础上稍有增加。全面考察了细节题、推断题、文章结构题、词义猜测题。在选材上覆盖面广，语言地道，文体特征鲜明。
文章体裁和主要内容介绍
夹叙夹议：通过记叙作者与一只被遗弃的小狗的故事，说明不应该轻易对他人的行为下定论。（A篇）
应用文：一位主编的公开信，劝说同行要注重手下记者的职业发展，激发他们的潜能。（B篇）
说明文：介绍不同文化背景的人有不同的谈话节奏，及其带来的问题。（C篇）
议论文：支持高等教育应该由受教育人自付费用。（D篇）
说明文：介绍缪扎克音乐(一种通过线路向机场、商场、餐馆等播放的背景录音音乐)。（E篇）
与往年比较的变化
1．每一篇文章都加上了标题：一定程度上降低了考试难度，帮助学生把握文章的中心意思。
2．应用文"消失"：今年阅读理解形式上保留了应用文，因为B篇体裁仍为书信，实则为说理性质，增加了考题的难度。
答案解析及技巧运用
A
Goldie's Secret www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. "We're moving house. '; "No space for her any more with the baby coming. " "We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present. " People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.
I called her Goldie. If I had known what was going to happen I would have given www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
her a more creative name. She was so unsettled during those first few days. She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner's. But eventually at the end of the first week she calmed down. Always by my side, whether we were out on one of our long walks or sitting by the fire. www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
That's why it was such a shock when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very restless. Eventually I couldn't hold her any longer and she raced off down the road towards a farmhouse in the distance as fast as she could.
By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and upset with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies (幼犬) I started to feel sympathy towards them. "We didn't know what had happened to her," said the woman at the door. "I took her for a walk one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared. " "She must have tried to come back to them and got lost," added a boy from behind her. ' www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I've got Nugget now, and she looks just like her mother. And I've learnt a good lesson: not to judge people.
56. How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house?
A. Shocked.          B. Sympathetic.    C. Annoyed.      D. Upset.
57. In her first few days at the author's house, Goldie        .
AI felt worried                          B. was angry www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
C. ate a little                            D. sat by the fire
58. Goldie rushed off to a farmhouse one day because she       .
A. saw her puppies                      B. heard familiar barking
C. wanted to leave the author              D. found her way to her old home
59. The passage is organized in order of ­        .
A. time             B. effectiveness    C. importance     D. complexity
A篇
阅读技巧：夹叙夹议，叙为议服务，议为叙指导。把握了这句话就把握了阅读此类文章的真谛。叙述不分重点关注人物，情节的变化；议论一定看清楚作者想表明的道理。
答题技巧：本篇题目由3个细节题和一道文章结构题组成，难度都不大。细节题要求学生把握文章中的原文，做合理推断和转述。比如57题，将unsettled理解成worried。文章结构题基本属于送分题，要求学生作答，此篇记叙文按照时间顺序发展。
56. B
情绪推断，较难题。此推断题的难点在于，原文没有直接的形容词表述，要求学生通过具体的描述总结。原文第2段She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner's. 划线句子表明作者同情被遗弃的小狗，希望帮助它高兴起来。
57. A
细节题，较难题。要做对此题主要要排除C项的干扰，原文第2段She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness about her. hardly ate anything的表述与ate little是不一样的。前者是几乎什么都不吃，后者是吃得少，此错误选项属于"改变否定/肯定的程度"。
58. D
原因推断题，简单题，通过原文第4段的描写可得正确答案。
59. A
问文章的行文结构，简单题，此篇记叙文按照时间顺序发展。
B
Open Letter to an Editor
I had an interesting conversation with a reporter recently---one who works for you. In fact, he's one of your best reporters. He wants to leave.
Your reporter gave me a copy of his resume (简历) and photocopies of six stories that he wrote for you. The headlines showed you played them proudly. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he finds issues (问题), approaches them, and writes about them, which tells me he is one of your best. I'm sure you would hate to lose him. Surprisingly, your reporter is not unhappy. In fact, he told me he really likes his job. He has a great assignment (分工), and said you run a great paper. It would be easy for you to keep him, he said. He knows that the paper values him. He appreciates the responsibility you've given him, takes ownership of his profession, and enjoys his freedom.
So why is he looking for a way out?
He talked to me because he wants his editors to demand so much more of him. He wants to be pushed, challenged, coached to new heights.
The reporter believes that good stories spring from good questions, but his editors usually ask how long the story will be, when it will be in, where it can play, and what the budget is.
He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. That's what you want for him, too, isn't it? www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
So your reporter has set me thinking.
Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists---everyone--is to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential. If we can't do it, they'll find someone who can.
60. What does the writer think of the reporter? www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
A. Optimistic.     B. Imaginative.    C. Ambitious.     D. Proud.
61. What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?
A. Finding the news value of his stories.   B. Giving him financial support.
C. Helping him to find issues.            D. Improving his good ideas.
62. Who probably wrote the letter?
A. An editor.      B. An artist.       C. A reporter.      D. A reader.
63. The letter aims to remind editors that they should __ www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
A. keep their best reporters at all costs
B. give more freedom to their reporters www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
C. be aware of their reporters' professional development
D. appreciate their reporters' working styles and attitudes
B篇
阅读技巧：第一段出现重要信息：特殊标点"破折号"和隐性转折词in fact，因此后面信息极其重要：写信给一个编辑说他的reporter很棒，但是要离开了；第二段要把握两个中文注释，此reporter给作者简历并充满热情地向其描述了自身特质;第三段平淡无奇，机械寻找重要信息出处—in fact，故得知该reporter干一行爱一行，精神可嘉;接着第四段一个问句，基本预示情节的转折，一眼即得知下面要详细阐述该reporter要离开的原因;继续往下，重要信息处稍微留意，即转折词but，因果词so,最后段的最高级best句，以及有特殊标点出现的最后一句。通过这几处内容的梳理，文意会变得清晰很多-年轻记者需要主编充分发挥他们的潜能，在竞争与挑战中寻求职业发展。
答题技巧：此篇的4个题目包括3个推断题，其中包括对人物态度、作者身份、写作目的的推断。人物态度要求学生具备将具体描述…wants to be coached to new heights等转换成形容词表述的能力；作者身份推断题要求学生学会通过人称代词our判断；写作目的要求学生对全文的把握能力。
60. C
判断推理题，难题。原文He wants to be pushed, challenged, coached to new heights. . 要通过划线处的具体描述总结出ambitious这个词：有抱负的。
61. D
细节题，较难题。困难之处在于不好定位原文，故用排除法。从选项中找关键词，逐个排查，得出正确选项D.
62. A
推断作者身份，较难题。此类型题目把握方法很简单：文章对象（主编）+人称(our)，不难得出正确答案作者也是主编。
63. C
考查文章写作目的，较难题。抓住文章结尾是王道：Our best hope Our best hope in keeping our best reporters, copy editors, photographers, artists---everyone--is to work harder to make sure they get the help they are demanding to reach their potential再结合前面60题的答案，不难选出正确答案。
www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing       Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve's new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing. www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there's no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I'm finished or fail to take your turn when I'm finished. That's what was happening with Betty and Sara.
It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.
The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in--and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.
That's why slight differences in conversational style--tiny little things like microseconds of pause-can have a great effect on one's life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems---even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for  training.
64. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her?
A. Betty was talkative.
B. Betty was an interrupter.
C. Betty did not take her turn.
D. Betty paid no attention to Sara.
65. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns?
A. Americans.    B. Israelis.        C. The British.     D. The Finns.
66. We can learn from the passage that __
A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacing
B. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the US
C. one's inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimes
D. one should receive training to build up one's confidence
67. The underlined word "assertiveness" in the last paragraph probably means __
A. being willing to speak one's mind
B. being able to increase one's power
C. being ready to make one's own judgment
D. being quick to express one's ideas confidently
C篇
阅读技巧：开篇复杂的人物关系，以及第三段几个国家之间的复杂对比是学生阅读的最大困难。攻略：1. 动笔：中国学生对英语名字太不敏感，请划出来。2. 再难读说明文的目标不变：找出文章说明对象是什么。
答题技巧：包括3个细节题和一个词义猜测题，其中65题细节比较排序题是亮点，要求学生从复杂的表述中理清顺序，区别出哪国人的说话节奏最快。
64. C
细节题，难题。难在弄不清谁是S谁是B，耐心读，动笔划，从第一段得出正确答案并不难：Sara felt Betty didn't hold up her end of the conversation
65. B
细节排序题，难题。还是耐心读，动笔划。S代表美国人，B代表英国人（加起来？），S比B期待谈话间隙时间更短，又在以色列人(Israelis)说话时插不上嘴，故答案选说话嗒嗒嗒嗒的以色列人。
66. C
变态细节题，较难题。A不符原文，B无中生有，D无中生有，C关键要理解culturally determined，由文化决定或者受文化影响。
67. A
词义猜测题，较难。难点在于A选项的干扰作用。原文说那位MM的inability to speak up注意别人认为她没能力，不是说她不愿意。所以D比A好，此处用反义对比方法。
Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.
A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy. www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.
Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.
68. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to
A. taxpayers                     B. pressing calls www. ks5u. com/gaokao/beijing
C. college graduates              D. government resources
69. The author thinks that with full government funding
A. teachers are less satisfied
B. students are more demanding
C. students will become more competent
D. teachers will spend less time on teaching
70. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to
A. argue against free university education
B. call on them to finance students' studies
C. encourage graduates to go into business
D. show their contribution to higher education
D篇
阅读技巧：此篇议论文难度较低。把握议论文的阅读两步：1. 作者想说服你什么？2. 分了几个并列的点来说服你？
答题技巧：此篇包括2个推断题和1个细节题。其中68题要求学生找出them的所指，对学生分析代词的所指提出了更高的要求，此项技能在完型和阅读中都有体现；70题属于基于议论文结构的设问，问最后一段的例子在文章中的作用，对议论文的结构和写作模式有了解的同学都可以轻松应答。
68. B
推断代词所指，较难题。There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers' money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of ww往前看，发现前句就一个复数名词，就它了。
69. D
细节题，简单题。根据题干关键词"full government funding"定位原文，根据"文题顺序一致"原则从上一题them后面去找，会找到Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities…. and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy. "lazy"转换成"spendless time"不难得出正确选项。
70. A
结构推断题，简单题。题目问提到business有什么目的，就等于问议论文中的论据有什么用，地球人都知道：支持论点。马上从本段段首找论点：Many people believe that higher education should be free…从全文的哪都可以看出作者就是要反对free higher education.
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear?   71   It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.
Quiet background music used to be called "elevator (电梯) music" because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name "Muzak". About one-third of the people in America listen to "Muzak" everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired.     72
If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why?   73
Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak doeswhat it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background.   74   Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.
75  . They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!
A. Some people don't like Muzak.
B. The music gives them extra energy.
C. Music is playing in the background.
D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.
E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.
F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.
G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.
E篇
阅读技巧：1. 找说明对象(Muzak)2. 找文章讲了说明对象的那些方面。
答题技巧：第一年出题果然不难，7选5只有74题稍难，其余4空都可以根据相邻句子间的指代关系、因果关系、并列关系，较容易地选出正确答案。
71. C
王道：看前后邻句。找不到再扩大范围找。
此题，前句没看头，看后句：It's similar to the music you listen to…捉住主语it及它对应的music，从7个句子中选出唯一用music开头的C句。
72. B
同样用指代的原则。前句when people are more tired. 根据指代原则，确定答案在B和F里面：B. The music gives them extra energy.  F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used. F明显不符合文章发展，提钱，俗！选B
73. F
利用因果关系
前句Why？其他人高兴什么？钱啊！从剩下的A,D,E,F里找原因，只能找出"钱"来。
74. D
这是唯一单纯看一句话找不出答案的题，也是5题中最难的题。
利用并列关系。前一句描述tired office workers，后一句描述supermarket shoppers，后句出现Supermarketshoppersbuy38percentmoregroceries. 由此推断D为正确答案。Factoryworkersproduce13percentmore. 主语和百分数都是一一对应关系。
75. A
利用并列原则，后面有But other people enjoy hearing…，故选择A. Some people don't like Muzak. 这是送分题。
11年阅读理解备考注意
1、保证一定的阅读量，每天2-4篇。
2、有精读有泛读，不要篇篇都仔细看。
3、精读应以读近几年各地高考试题，特别是北京试题为主，因为它们才代表了高考命题的真髓。
4、精读时应适当练习句子成分分析，长句难句增加，必然对学生分析句子结构的基本功要求越来越高。
5、精读时还要注意词义词性的辨别，后置定语，连接词语以及由动词形式变化反映的句意的变化。
6、考前练限时阅读，35分钟完成5篇总词数约2400的各类文章。
7、注意总结六类问题的答题规律（主旨大意题，具体细节题，推断词义句义题，判断推理题，文章结构题和观点态度题）。
8、除掌握高考词汇表上的单词外，还应掌握考纲要求的构词法知识（比如今年高考中对于A篇unsettled一词、C篇a turn-taking game等词语的理解）。
（10重庆）
One morning more than thirty years ago, I entered the Track Kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast. I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man, who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. I asked if I might join him. He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast.
We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide rang of things. We never introduced ourselves. I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat. So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee, I asked,
“My I get you something ?”
“A coffee would be nice. ”
Then I bought him a cup of coffee, We talked more, and he accepted another cup of coffee, Finally, I rose to leave, wished him well, and headed for the exit. At the door I met one of my friends. He asked,
“How did you get to know Mr. Galbreath?”
“Who?”
“The man you were sitting with. He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs. ”
I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world’s richest and most powerful men!
My few minutes with Mr. Galbreath changed my life. Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity.
56. What does the underlined word “disheveled” mean?
A. Unfriendly.         B. Untidy.         C. Gentle.         D. Kind.
57. The author bought coffee for the old man because
A. he thought the old man was poor
B. he wanted to start a conversation
C. he intended to show his politeness
D. he would like to thank the old man
58. How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend?
A. Proud.         B. Pitiful.          C. Surprised.          D. Regretful
59. What is the message mainly expressed in the story?
A. We should learn to be generous.
B. It is honorable to help those in need.
C. People in high positions are not like what we expect.
D. We should avoid judging people by their appearances.
【语篇解读】本文讲述了“我”在吃早点的时候遇到一个看起来穿着邋遢的老人，并且帮助他买了一杯咖啡，事后得知他是最富有的Mr. Galbreath，旨在告诉我们不要以貌取人。。
56. B
猜测词义题。由上文中的I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man何下文中的He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. 可知disheveled在这儿是指仪容不整，穿着邋遢的意思。所以选B项。
57. A
细节理解题。根据文中I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat. 可以判断选A项。
58. C
推理判断题。根据I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the world’s richest and most powerful men!可知，作者在他朋友告诉他那个老人是Mr. Galbreath之后感到很吃惊。由此判断选C项。
59. D
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity. 可知，作者想要表达的是不要以貌取人。由此判断选D项。
Love, success, happiness, family and freedom----how important are these values to you? Here is one interview which explores the fundamental questions in life.
Could you introduce yourself first?
My name is Misbah, 27 years old. I was born in a war-torn area. Right now I’m a web designer.
What are your great memories?
My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories.
Does your childhood mean a lot to you?
Yes. As life was very hard, I used to work to help bring money in for the family. I spent my childhood working, with responsibilities beyond my age. However, it taught me to deal with problems all alone. I learnt to be independent.
What changes would you like to make in your life?
If I could change something in my life, I’d change it so that my childhood could have taken place in another area. I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn’t matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe.
How do your get along with your parents?
My parents supported me until I came of age. I want to give back what I’ve got. That’s our way. But I am working in another city. My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters(过滤) out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deepest feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch.
60. In Misbah’s childhood,      .
A. he was free from worry
B. he liked living in the countryside
C. he was fond of getting close to nature
D. he often spent holidays with his family
61. What did Misbah desire most in his childhood?
A. A colorful life.                      B. A beautiful house.
C. Peace and freedom.                  D. Money for his family.
62. How would Misbah prefer to communicate with his parents?
A. By chatting on the Internet.            B. By calling them sometimes.
C. By paying weekly visits.              D. By writing them letters.
63. If there were only one question left, what would it most probably be?
A. What was your childhood dream?
B. What is your biggest achievement?
C. What is your parents’ view of you?
D. What was your hardest experience in the war?
【语篇解读】本文通过一个采访，把Misbah这个人的生活、成长展示给我们。
60. C
细节理解题。由My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories. 可知，Misbah喜爱大自然。所以选C项。
61. C
推理判断题。根据文中I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn’t matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe. 可知，作者向往和平自由的生活。故选C项。
62. C
细节理解题。根据My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deepest feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch. 可知，Misbah讨厌在电话里与父母联系，因为它只剩下了声音，而Misbah想要的是与父母面对面的交流。四个选项中只有C项能够让Misbah与父母面对面。由此判断选C项。
63. B
推理判断题。其它三个问题在上文中都有所涉及，只有B项没有。所以如果还剩一个问题，很有可能就是B项。
It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers(生产商) follow certain uniform standards for various features(特征) of clothes. What seems strange, however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clothes button. Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s form the left. Considering most of the word’s population----men and women----are right-handed, the men’s standard would appear to make more sense for women. So why do women’s clothes button from the left?
History really seems to matter here. Buttons first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the 17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants. For the mostly right-handed servants, having women’s shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hand, having men’s shirts button form the right made sense, too. Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hand would be less likely to get caught in the shirt.
Today women are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning form the left is still the standard for them. Is it interesting? Actually, a standard, once set, resists change. At a time when all women’s shirts buttoned form the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacturer to offer women’s shirts that buttoned from the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch. Besides, some women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing men’s shirts.
64. What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?
A. It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.
B. It is different for men’s clothing and women’s.
C. It woks better with men than with women.
D. It fails to consider right-handed people.
65. What do we know about the rich men in the 17th century?
A. They tended to wear clothes without buttons.
B. They were interested in the historical matters.
C. They were mostly dressed by servants.
D. They drew their swords from the left.
66. Women’s clothes still button from the left today because         .
A. adopting men’s style is improper for women
B. manufacturers should follow standards
C. modern women dress themselves
D. customs are hard to change
67. The passage is mainly developed by          .
A. analyzing causes                     B. making comparisons
C. examining differences                 D. following the time order
【】本文由男女衣服的不同，分析产生这种不同的原因，并且告诉我们这种不同为什么延续到现在。
64. B
细节理解题。由 “What seems strange , however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. ”可知男女衣服的标准不一样令人惊奇。所以选B项。
65. D
细节理解题。根据文中“Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hang would be less likely to get caught in the shirt. ”可判断选D项。
66. D
细节理解题。根据“Actually, a standard , once set, resists change. ”可知，习惯一旦养成，就很难改变是女式衣服的纽扣仍然在左边的原因。由此判断选D项。
67. A
组织结构题。通观整篇文章可以看出，作在开始提到一个现象――男女衣服的标准相反，然后分析这种现象产生的历史原因，最后告诉我们现在这是这样的原因。由此判断选A项。
Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands. Ecuador, watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin (1809-1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired (启发) his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.
The islands are certainly a paradise (天堂) for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago, each day is as impressive as it could be.
The most well-known animals of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型海龟), which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Sanra Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛). Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.
Despite strict control over activities and timing, your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures: diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim; and, most magically, seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air.
Travelling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world. At night you will sleep on board the ship, leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.
68. What do we know about Darwin’s visit to the islands?
A. He studied different creatures on the islands
B. He completed his famous book on the islands
C. He was touched by the geography of the islands
D. He was attracted by well-known animals of the islands
69. Which of the following plays a role in making the islands “a paradise for wildlife”?
A. Animals on the islands feed on grass.
B. Local government forbids killing wildlife.
C. People cannot visit the islands as they wish.
D. Tourists are not allowed to touch the animals.
70. Your stay on the islands will be most impressive mainly because of         .
A. The beautiful sea views                  B. Darwin’s inspiring trip
C. a closer view of animals                  D. various daring activities
71. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. A Unique Attraction for wildlife Lovers
B. Calapagos as a Paradise for Adventures
C. Charles Darwin as a symbol of Galapagos
D. A successful Example of wildlife protection
【】本文介绍了一个冒险家的乐园Galapagos Islands，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了《物种起源》一书，同时，由于这儿保护得很好，直到现在依然是旅游的好去处。
68. A
细节理解题。由文中的He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. 可知达尔文在这儿观察了各种各样的动物。
69. C
细节理解题。根据文中. . . strict control over activities and timing. . . 可知，当地对游客的活动和参观时间都是有严格限制的，所以选C项。
70. C
细节理解题。根据your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures: diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim; and, most magically, seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air. 可知，在Galapagos岛上能与动物亲密接触。
71. A
主旨大意题。这篇文章主要是向我们推荐Galapagos Islands，因此题目要具有醒目的特点，方能达到吸引读者眼球的目的，故题目以A为佳。
Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.
This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想) literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us?
Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modem technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction(交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen。
The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet(出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.
72. The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves
A. the close connection between man and the fantasy world
B. the wonderful achievements of fantasy literature
C. the fine taste of moviegoers around the world
D. the general existence of the sense of curiosity
73. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A. People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.
B. The world around us could serve as a source of wonder.
C. The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond.
D. Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.
74. If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe, we will
A. fail to appreciate the joy in our lives
B. be confused by the world of make-believe
C. miss the chance to recognize the fantasy world
D. be trapped by other worlds existing all around us
75. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To show us the hidden beauty in our world.
B. To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy world.
C. To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonder.
D. To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe.
【】本文介绍了一个冒险家的乐园Galapagos Islands，达尔文曾在这儿受到启发写出了《物种起源》一书，同时，由于这儿保护得很好，直到现在依然是旅游的好去处。
72. D
细节理解题。由第二段可知，举The Lord of the Rings这个例子是为了证明人们的好奇心是普遍存在的。所以选D项。
73. B
推理判断题。Without modem technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. 这句话告诉我们，如果没有现代技术，即使一个小小的池塘也能成为一个令人惊异的世界。从而我们可以推测出我们现实世界也是很美丽的，也是一切期间产生的根源。
74. A
细节理解题。根据The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. 可知，如果幻想成为我们好奇感的唯一出路的话，我们就会失去一些东西，就会失去与现实世界的联系，我们也就不能体会到我们现实生活中的快乐。由此判断选A项。
75. B
作者意图题。由文章最后一段可知，作者写这篇文章的目的就是要告诉我们不要沉迷在幻想之中。由此判断选B项。
（10浙江）
When you are little, the whole world feels like a big playground. I was living in Conyers, Georgia the summer it all happened. I was a second grader, but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade. Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way.
It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie’s basement. As I opened the basement door, before us lay the biggest room, full of amazing things like guns, dolls, and old clothes. I ran downstairs, and spotted red steel can. It was paint. I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple, orange, blue and green.
“Stephanie, I just found us a project for the day. Get some paintbrushes. We are fixing to paint. ” She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work. We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard. There on the road in front of my house, we painted bit stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement (人行道). Stripe by stripe, our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow. It was fantastic!
The sun was starting to sink. I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. It was my mother. I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece. The car pulled slowly into the driveway and from the look on my mother’s face, I could tell that I was in deep trouble.
My mother shut the car door and walked towards me. Her eyes glaring, she shouted, “What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors’ trees, but this! Come inside right now!” I stood there glaring hack at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art.
“Now go clean it up!” Mother and I began cleaning the road. Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement.
Though years have now passed, I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away. I guess we all need sort of  to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful.
本篇文章是一篇记叙文。
41. What did the writer want to do when his mother came home?
A. To introduce Stephanie to her.
B. To prevent her from seeing his painting.
C. To put the materials back in the yard.
D. To show his artwork to her.
D：
细节理解题。根据第四段“I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. It was my mother. I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece. ”可知我当时是很高兴的想把我的杰作给母亲看。所以选择D。
42. In his mother’s eyes, the writer_______.
A. was a born artist
B. always caused trouble
C. was a problem solver
D. worked very hard
B：
推理判断题。根据第五、六段可以推断出，母亲特别反感作者的一些行为，所以很生气，认为她是一个麻烦制造者。
43. The underlined word “rainbow” in the last paragraph refers to ______.
A. the rainbow in the sky
B. the stripes on the pavement
C. something imaginative and fun
D. important lessons learned in childhood
C：
推理判断题。根据最后一段作者的感慨“to keep our hopes and dreams colorful”，可以推断此时作者提到的rainbow不是指自己曾经画过的街道上的彩虹，而是指自己的人生中的彩虹。
44. It can be learned from the passage that parents should ________.
A. encourage children to paint
B. value friendship among children
C. discover the hidden talent in children
D. protect rather than destroy children’s dreams
D：
推理判断题。从整篇文章开头叙述作者的开心的画彩虹的过程，到后来被母亲要求把街道清洗干净，到最后的感慨，表明作者写作的最终想要表达的目的之一是：父母应该支持孩子的某些创造性的行为，而不是一味的否定。
www. ks*5u. coBelow is a housing guide for students going to London.
Many university accommodation offices have their own list of registered landlords (房东). Others also provide information on accommodation agencies and other housing organization. The advantage of using your university accommodation is that you can get support if you have a problem. The disadvantage is that they are unlikely to have enough registered landlords to houses all their students.
Loot is an important source (来源) of information about private housing for co-renters. The offers are from private landlords, agencies and individuals looking for other co-renters. They also have a website:www.loot.com. The advantage of using Loot is that there are some excellent bargains. The disadvantage is that there is no quality control over the offers.
Renting is another useful paper. The offers in this paper are mainly from accommodation agencies. Their website is at www. renting
The majority of rented accommodation in London is probably advertised through accommodation agencies. The advantage of using accommodation agencies is that you will have access to a large number of accommodations. A good agent will listen to your requirements and can save you time in looking for the right accommodation. The disadvantage is that they will make a range of charges to potential renters.
Around the universities you will find a number of noticeboards where offers of accommodation will be posted. These will either be from landlords or from students. Some universities will also have online noticeboards where students can advertise to other students. Advertisements from students can be an excellent way to find accommodation. However, advertisements from landlords can be problematic.
Some of the best housing in London is never advertised but is passed on from one group of students to another by word of mouth. It might be that you can find out about good offers from final year students. However, don’t suppose that just because you have found out about housing from a friend it is necessarily going to be better than that found through any other source.
Faced with the very high rents charged in London, some students and their parents will consider buying as an alternative. In some cases this might be a good choice.
本篇是一篇应用文。介绍在伦敦留学的学生们住宿情况。
45. What is the advantage of using Loot?
A. It has more offers from accommodation agencies than Renting.
B. It gives you personal information about other co-renters.
C. Their website is designed mainly for students.
D. There are some good bargains.
D：
细节理解题。关于Loot，选择相应的部分，仔细阅读，得知Loot的好处是：The advantage of using Loot is that there are some excellent bargains. 即价格方面好商量。故选择D。
46. A good agent can help you ____.
A. know more people
B. find cheap accommodation
C. get the right accommodation quickly
D. get free information about most accommodations
C：
细节理解题。涉及到agent，在“”部分寻找答案。根据“A good agent will listen to your requirements and can save you time in looking for the right accommodation. ”可知好的代理人，能听取意见，并节省时间寻找合适的住宿。故选择C。
47. The information passed on by word of mouth is important because____.
A. it is better than that found through any other source
B. it helps you find some of the best housing never advertised
C. the final year students always offer better information
D. the landlords have little valuable information
B：
推理判断题。在“”部分寻找答案。口传的信息很重要是因为“is never advertised ；It might be that you can find out about good offers from final year students. ”但是也有弊端，分析四个选项，只有B是正确的。
48. For students going to London for the first time, which of the following provides the most reliable information?
A. University accommodation offices.      B. Loot and Renting
C. Noticeboards.                       D. Family.
A：
推理判断题。根据第一部分“The advantage of using your university accommodation is that you can get support if you have a problem. ”，而其他的都没有涉及到问题的解决这部分，所以选择A。
www. ks*5u. co
The term “multitasking” originally referred to a computer’s ability to carry out several tasks at one time. For many people, multitasking has become a way of life and even a key to success. In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises (大脑训练) involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time. Although checking e-mail while talking on a phone and reading the newspaper may be second nature for some people, many times multitasking can make us less productive, rather than more. And studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety and memory loss.
In order to multitask, the brain uses an area known as the prefrontal cortex (前额叶脑皮层). Brian scans of volunteers performing multiple tasks together show that as they shift from task to task, this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks. You may have experienced a prefrontal cortex “moment of rest” yourself if you’ve ever dialed (拨电话) a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you dialed when the line is answered. What probably occurred is that between the dialing and the answering, your mind shifted to anther thought or task, and then took that “moment” to come back. Research has also shown that for many volunteers, job efficiency (效率) declines while multitasking, as compared to when they perform only one task at a time. k*s5u
Multitasking is easiest when at least one of the tasks is habitual, or requires little thought. Most people don’t find it difficult to eat and read the newspaper at the same time. However, when two or more attention-requiring tasks are attempted at one time, people sometimes make mistakes.
We often don’t remember things as well when we’re trying to manage several details at the same time. Without mental focus, we may not pay enough attention to new information coming in, so it never makes it into our memory stores. That is one of the main reasons we forget people’s names---even sometimes right after they have introduced themselves. Multitasking can also affect our relationships. If someone checks their e-mail while on the phone with a friend, they may come off as absent-minded or disinterested. It can also cause that person to miss or overlook key information being passed on to them.
本篇文章是一篇说明文。
49. Why are some mental aerobic exercises designed to engage people in multitasking?
A. To make them more productive.         B. To reduce their stress and anxiety.
C. To develop their communication skills.  D. To help them perform daily tasks more easily.
A：
推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者提出：“In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises (大脑训练) involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time. ”，之后用although引出转折，这种训练有时并不能productive。所以选择A。有部分人认为这种大脑的训练能够帮助他们高效的工作。
50. According to Paragraph 2, why may a person suddenly forget who has called?
A. He may leave his prefrontal cortex temporarily damaged.
B. He is probably interrupted by another task.
C. He is probably not very familiar with the person he has called.
D. He may need a rest between dialing and speaking. k*s5u
B：
细节理解题。主要根据“this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks”，可以推断出之后的“if you’ve ever dialed (拨电话) a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you dialed when the line is answered”的情况，所以选择B。
51. People tend to make mistake when ____.
A. they perform several challenging tasks at a time.
B. new messages are processed one after another
C. their relationships with others are affected
D. the tasks require little thought
A：
细节理解题。根据第三段内容，特别是最后一句话可知当人在同时从事两项或多项需要花费精力的工作时，常常会出错。故选择A。
52. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Multitasking has become a way of life.
B. Multitasking often leads to efficiency decline.
C. Multitasking exercises need to be improved.
D. Multitasking enables people to remember things better.
B：
主旨大意题。最后一段中作者继续描述了之前的观点：一个人同时从事多项工作会出现很多问题。回到整篇文章，作者主要观点就是告诉大家：多项工作不能产生高效的结果，故选择B
My family and I lived across the street from Southway Park since I was four years old. Then just last year they city put a chain link fence around the park and started bulldozing (用推土机推平) the trees and grass to make way for a new apartment complex. When I saw the fence and bulldozers, I asked myself, “Why don’t they just leave it alone?”
Looking back, I think what sentenced the part to oblivion (别遗忘) was the drought (旱灾) we had about four years ago. Up until then, Southway Park was a nice green park with plenty of trees and a public swimming pool. My friends and I rollerskated on the sidewalks, climbed the tress, and swam in the pool all the years I was growing up. The park was almost like my own yard. Then the summer I was fifteen the drought came and things changed.
There had been almost no rain at all that year. The city stopped watering the park grass. Within a few weeks I found myself living across the street from a huge brown desert. Leaves fell off the park tress, and pretty soon the trees started dying, too. Next, the park swimming pool was closed. The city cut down on the work force that kept the park, and pretty soon it just got too ugly and dirty to enjoy anymore.
As the drought lasted into the fall, the park got worse every month. The rubbish piled up or blew across the brown grass. Soon the only people in the park were beggars and other people down on their luck. People said drugs were being sold or traded there now. The park had gotten scary, and my mother told us kids not to go there anymore.
The drought finally ended and things seemed to get back to normal, that is, everything but the park. It had gotten into such bad shape that the city just let it stay that way. Then about six months ago I heard that the city was going to “redevelop” certain worn-out areas of the city. It turned out that the city had planned to get rid of the park, sell the land and let someone build rows of apartment buildings on it.
The chain-link fencing and the bulldozers did their work. Now we live across the street from six rows of apartment buildings. Each of them is three units high and stretches a block in each direction. The neighborhood has changed without the park. The streets I used to play in are jammed with cars now. Things will never be the same again.   本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。
53. How did the writer feel when he saw the fence and bulldozers? k*s5u
A. Scared.        B. Confused.      C. Upset.           D. Curious.
C：
推理判断题。根据第一段叙述了解到作者从四岁开始住在Southway Park对面。从第二段了解到作者小时候和朋友在公园里玩耍。而现在公园被围了起来，事实上，作者是很失望、沮丧，自己不能去玩了，而且树都被砍掉了。
54. Why was the writer told not to go to the park by his mother?
A. It was being rebuilt.                 B. It was dangerous.
C. It because crowded.                 D. It had turned into a desert.
B：
推理判断题。仔细阅读第四段，可以了解到，公园被废弃了，里面住着流浪汉，甚至有人贩毒，所以母亲叮嘱我们不要去那里，因为危险。k*s5u
55. According to the writer, what eventually brought about the disappearance of the park?
A. The drought.                    B. The crime.
C. The beggars and the rubbish.       D. The decisions of the city.
D：
推理判断题。从第五段，可以明显的了解到：干旱结束了，但是政府仍然对公园不管不问，而是要重新规划这块废弃地，在作者眼中是“the city had planned to get rid of the park”。故选择D。
56. The last sentence of the passage implies that if another drought came, ______.
A. the situation would be much worse
B. people would have to desert their homes
C. the city would be fully prepared in advance
D. the city would have to redevelop the neighborhood
A：
推理判断题。最后一段作者描述了目前自己居住的街道的变化，变得更加拥挤了。从而作者有了另一种思考：如果再来一次干旱，是否会造成如这次干旱一样的一些变化。从而可推测作者是隐射，环境会变的更加糟糕。k*s5u
E. www. ks*5u. co
I needed to buy a digital camera, one that was simply good at taking good snaps (快照), maybe occasionally for magazines. Being the cautious type, I fancied a reliable brand. So I went on the net, spent 15 minutes reading product reviews on good websites, wrote down the names of three top recommendations and headed for my nearest big friendly camera store. There in the cupboard was one of the cameras on my list. And it was on special offer. Oh joy. I pointed at it and asked an assistant, “Can I have one of those?”  He looked perturbed (不安). “Do you want to try it first?” he said. It didn’t quite sound like a question. “Do I need to?” I replied ,“There is nothing wrong with it？” This made him look a bit insulted and I started to feel bad. “No, no. But you should try it,” he said encouragingly. “Compare it with the others. ”
I looked across at the others: shelves of similar cameras placed along the wall, offering a wide range of slightly different prices and discounts, with each company selling a range of models based around the same basic box. With so many models to choose from, it seemed that I would have to spend hours weighing X against Y, always trying to take Z and possibly H into account at the same time. But when I had finished, I would still have only the same two certainties that I had entered the store with: first, soon after I carried my new camera out of the shop, it would be worth half what I paid for it; and second, my wonderful camera would very quickly be replaced by a new model.
But something in the human soul whispers that you can beat these traps by making the right choice, the clever choice, the wise choice. In the end, I agreed to try the model I had chosen. The assistant seemed a sincere man. So I let him take out of my chosen camera from cupboard, show how it took excellent pictures of my fellow shoppers… and when he started to introduce the special features, I interrupted to ask whether I needed to buy a carry-case and a memory card as well.
Why do we think that new options(选择) still offer us anything new? Perhaps it is because they offer an opportunity to avoid facing the fact that our real choices in this culture are far more limited than we would like to imagine.
本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。
57. The shop assistant insisted that the writer should
A. try the camera to see if there was anything wrong with it.
B. compare the camera he had chosen with the others.
C. get more information about different companies. k*s5u
D. trust him and stop asking questions.
B：
细节理解题。根据第一段作者与推销员之间的对话，可以了解到，推销员一直在劝说作者试一下机器，并且与其他的机器进行比较。故选择B。
58. What does the writer mean by “it would be worth half what I paid for it ”(paragraph 2)
A. He should get a 50% discount.
B. The price of the camera was unreasonably high.
C. The quality of the camera was not good.
D. The camera would soon fall in value.
D：
推理判断题。第二段开头，作者分析了在卖场，自己将会被各种照相机的种类，弄的不知如何选择。但是“But when I had finished, I would still have only the same two certainties that I had entered the store with”，最终我还是必须选择一款，但是无论选择哪一款都会有两个必定的结果：（1）会立马贬值。(2)会很快有新的产品。所以选择D。
59. The writer decided to try the model he had chosen because he
A. knew very little about it.
B. didn’t trust the shop assistant. k*s5u
C. wanted to make sure the one he chose would be the best.
D. had a special interest in taking pictures of his fellow shoppers.
C：
推理判断题。阅读第四段，可知作者经过内心的思量，明白最后还是得做决定，得买一款，所以还是需要作出明智的决定，就是试一下自己最初选择那一款，从而确定自己的选择。
60. I t can be inferred from the passage that in the writer’s opinion,            .
A. people waste too much money on cameras
B. cameras have become an important part of our daily life
C. we don’t actually need so many choices when buying a product
D. famous companies care more about profit than quality
C：
推理判断题。最后一段作者分析了人们为什么老是喜欢新的事物，因为旧的事物我们了解了，有局限性，而新的事物会带给我们更多我们没想到的。根据作者在购物的过程中，最终选择了试用自己最初的照相机，所以得出作者的观点是：我们并不需要了解很多新的东西，只要达到自己的最初的要求就行。
第二节：Peter, Helen, Catherine, Elizabeth和Levin 想根据各自在环保方面的兴趣（61-65）进行案例研究。阅读下面某杂志的专题报道摘要（A、B、C、D、E和F），选出适合他们研究的最佳案例，并在答题纸上相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
61. Peter: Reducing plastic and other wastes through DIY. k*s5u
62. Helen: Making use of the heavy traffic to produce electricity.
63. Catherine: Building a community without private cars
64. Elizabeth: Building houses with recycled materials and energy-efficiency systems
65. Levin: Developing a new type of urban car which burns less gas
A
B
We know cars are terrible polluters, but would you give yours up? Vauban, a community in southwestern Germany, did just that, and its 5,000 citizens are doing fine. Most streets are free of vehicles, and there are generous green spaces and good public-transport links, including fast buses and bicycle paths. When people must drive, they can turn to car-sharing clubs. “All the citizens had the chance to plan their own city,” says Andreas Delleke, an energy expert, “and it’s just how we wanted it to be. ”
During the period of gas shortage in the early 70s, Denmark decided to become self-sufficient(自足). So they began a few projects making smart investments along the way.
On the island of Samsoe, local families, fishermen and farmers bought wind turbines(涡轮机) to produce their own energy, Within seven years these turbines were completely paid for. And can you believe just one of wind turbines produces enough electricity for 600 households?
Trey Parker and Matt Stone, creators of South Park, have built a sustainable(可持续的) castle with outer siding and inner flooring of recycled wood, recycled carpeting, high-efficiency boiler systems.
“I think more and more today, people are willing to make a statement about the Earth and how they want to protect it,” Michael Ruth, home designer and builder says. “For high-end homes in this valley, this is entirely consistent with what they cost. ”
Who doesn’t love the name P-NUT—short for Personal-Neo Urban Transport? It’s Honda’s latest attempt to create a tiny footprint for a new urban vehicle.
This little P-NUT is unique. With a central driving position, the car is designed to move in tight settings. The 11-foot micro car will seat three with two rear-seat passengers behind the driver.
“The P-NUT concept explores the packaging and design potential for a vehicle designed for the city lifestyle. ” Said Dave Marek, a Honda design spokesman.
Is it possible that annoying rush hour traffic could become a source of renewable energy?
Israel’s Technion Institute of Technology claims that if we placed special generator(发电机) under roads, railways, and runways—we could harvest enough energy to mass-produce electricity. A trial process has been used on a smaller scale, in dance clubs for instance, where the pounding feet of dancers light up the floor.
“We can produce electricity anywhere there is a busy road using energy that normally goes to waste,” said Uri Amit, chairman of Israel’s Technion Institute of Technology.
Coffee. Some of us can’t start our day without it, and we don’t mind waiting 10 minutes in line for it.
Here is the most effective tip to make you a superstar in environment protection.
Get a coffee machine for your home or coffee, or persuade your company into buying one. (Tell them it will improve productivity. ) Skip the coffee line on the way to work and make something that is better-tasting and much better for your wallet.
Plus, you won’t need those plastic cups or carrying cases that just get thrown away. Better yet, use your favorite travel mug.
61. F  62. E    63. A     64. C     65. D
：
首先了解每个人的兴趣是什么，然后分析A-F六个主题，从而可以得出A：创建一种车的俱乐部，大家共用，这样会降低污染。B：用风涡轮机制造能源。