社会科学授课内容:爱在废墟中盛开

Yin Huajun and Zhu Yuncui are newly-weds and it shows. It's the way Yuncui nestles into his shoulder, the pride with which they show their wedding pictures, and the self-consciousness as they nudge each other to speak.
朱云翠依偎在尹华军肩上，带着些许骄傲展示着他俩的结婚照，谈话时则用肘轻轻推着对方，这些小动作向人们透露这对夫妻新婚燕尔。
Their home is a prefabricated cube, withmetal walls and a concrete floor, in a camp for earthquake survivors. But a cosy ­armchair sits in a corner and a bright curtain screens off their bed. In their laps, the couple hold cherished possessions from the days before the disaster: framed photographs of his late wife and her late husband.
他们住在地震幸存者安置点的一间预制板房里，墙壁是金属材质的，地面铺着水泥。角落里摆着一张舒适的扶手椅，床前拉着鲜艳的帘子。夫妻俩坐着，手里分别拿着前妻与前夫的照片，这相框里装着的不只是相片，还是这场灾难降临以前的珍贵纪念。
Today will mark the first anniversary of the 7.9-magnitude shock that tore through Sichuan, killing up to 90,000 and leaving 5 million people homeless. In Beichuan, where the couple lived, as few as 4,000 of the town's 22,000 residents survived. Most were separated from those they loved – the quake struck in early afternoon, when families were scattered across fields, ­factories, shops and schools.
今天是四川大地震一周年纪念日，那场肆虐四川的7.9级大地震，夺走了九万条生命，摧毁了五百万人民的家园。这对夫妻的家乡在北川，那里的两万两千居民中只有四千人幸免于难。绝大多数人在地震中失去了亲人，因为地震袭来的时刻是下午较早的时候，那时候各个家庭的成员们都散布在田间、工厂、商店和学校。
For both Huajun and Yuncui, it destroyed marriages spanning two decades. Yet eight months later, in January, they chose to wed again.
尹华军与朱云翠都已结婚二十余载，这两位在地震中丧偶的人八个月后决定重组家庭。
At least 600 survivors from the town have remarried and officials hope that more will follow in the near future. The authorities have paid for group weddings and plan to hold a matchmaking fair. A local women's group has hired an agent to help widows find love again.
镇上至少有600名幸存者重新建立了家庭，政府鼓励更多人在近期效仿他们。为此北川政府举行了集体婚礼，还计划承办一场相亲会。当地一个妇女组织还请专人帮助更多丧偶的妇女寻找伴侣。
These "restructured families" offer more than emotional support. Sichuan is a poor region.
Households with two adults are more likely to support themselves financially. They also require not two homes but one, lessening the strain of the mammoth reconstruction programme.
重组家庭带给人们的不仅仅是精神上的慰藉。四川是个贫困地区，两个人组成的家庭不仅能在经济上自给自足，对房子的需求也会合二为一，能减轻庞大重建计划的负担。
Yang Yongfu, Beichuan's deputy civil affairs chief, has warned that remarriage will be "anything but easy". Enduring grief, and disputes over property, children and responsibilities, all pile pressure on couples. "These new families often have children and in-laws from the previous marriage. Some families need to care for eight elderly people and four children," he added.
北川县民政局局长杨永富曾说“重组家庭真不简单”。巨大悲痛、财产纠纷、子女和责任等所有压力都压到夫妻头上。他补充：“原建家庭往往会给这些新家庭留下公婆、岳父母或者子女。有些家庭可能需要赡养8个老人以及4个子女。”他补充道。
Huajun and Yuncui's children are grown up and supported their parents' decision. But her son Wang Cao slips from the room, eyes red with grief, as his mother recalls his "gentle, hardworking" father.
尹华军和朱云翠的子女都已成人，也支持他们父母的决定。但当朱云翠回忆起“温柔、勤劳”的前夫时，儿子王操还是悄悄遛出了房间，眼睛红红的，满含悲痛。
"Sometimes she talks about her late husband and I mention my late wife. We trust each other," said Huajun.
她有时讲讲前夫的事，我也聊我前妻，我们相互之间很信任。”尹华军说。
Both were away from their homes when the quake struck at 2.28pm on 12 May 2008. Struggling to his feet, Huajun looked across the valley to his house and saw only a mound of rubble.
2008年5月12日下午2时28分地震来袭之时，他们二人都离家比较远。尹华军好不容易站稳脚跟，往山谷那边的家里望去，他的家已经变成一堆瓦砾。
Yuncui survived because she was slow to escape from the third floor of her factory. Seven women fleeing ahead of her disappeared as the staircase collapsed. Then the roof fell in, pinning her and her colleague under rubble.
云翠能幸免于难竟是因为她从工厂三楼逃出来的时候动作比较慢。跑在她前面的七个女工随着楼梯的轰塌消失了，接着楼顶塌下，把她和工友们困在了瓦砾之下。
"We screamed for help all afternoon but no one came. We had no idea how terrible it was outside," she said.
"整个下午我们都在喊救命但一直都没人来，也不知道外面是什么情况。"她说。
Buildings had keeled over or crumbled, landslides had buried large parts of the town and boulders the size of cars had crushed everything in their path.
房子倒的倒塌的塌，山崩造成的泥石流掩盖了城镇大部，和车一样大的巨石所到之处，所有的东西都被碾碎。
Glimpsing a tiny speck of daylight, Yuncui vowed to work herself free. Hours later, she hauled herself out and pulled her friend free. They stepped off the building: the third floor now stood just one metre above ground.
终于看见一线光亮时，朱云翠在心底发誓要活着出去。几个小时后她努力爬了出来并救出了她朋友。等她们爬出这栋建筑时看到，三楼如今离地面仅有一米。
Across town, her home had collapsed upon her husband. "I couldn't accept that he was gone. Every man I saw looked like him," she said.
家里房子塌了，丈夫被压在下面，已经离开了人世。“我不相信他死了，看到每个男人都觉得像他。”她说。
In August, she was among 5,000 survivors to move into the settlement in Mianyang. A few streets away, Huajun was living alone and drinking heavily: "I hoped to make myself numb," he said. But when his aunt introduced him to Yuncui he could not help noticing both her sweet nature and her dogged independence. She was struck by his respect for her children and his dedication to his job as a community worker. A few months later, they wed.
8月，她和五千多名灾民一起搬进了绵阳的安置点。那时尹华军在不远处独自生活，酗酒很严重：“我就想麻醉自己。”直到他姑姑介绍朱云翠给他认识时，他一下被她的甜美性格和独立顽强吸引住了。他对她孩子的尊重，加上他对其社工工作的尽心尽力都打动了她，于是几个月后他们结婚了。
The accelerated pace of their relationship reflects the speed with which survivors have tried to rebuild their lives. In Yongxing there are grocery shops, cafes, and a shop selling TV sets and electric fans. New year messages are pasted at the doorways and neighbours gather to chat. But the illusion of normality is a thin one. Families of six are often squeezed into these little cubes, and the sound of the television next door reverberates through slight walls. Outside, posters along the streets illustrate common trauma symptoms.
他们关系的突飞猛进正反映了幸存者们尝试重建生活的速度。永兴开了不少杂货店、咖啡屋，还有一家销售彩电和电风扇的电器店。过年的时候门口贴着春联，邻居们则聚集在一起聊天。然而这种生活回归正常的感觉转瞬即逝，六口之家挤在小小的板房里，隔壁屋里电视机的声音穿透薄薄的墙壁在屋里回响。外面满街的标语正说明人们心灵创伤之重。
The government has promised Beichuan residents permanent homes by the end of the year. But despite impressive reconstruction efforts, the scale of need remains overwhelming. Across the earthquake zone, some still live in makeshift shelters of planks and canvas. Others wonder how to scrape together cash for even the affordable new homes promised by the government. There is plenty of casual labour on construction sites, but few long-term jobs on offer.
政府已向北川居民保证，年底他们将住进固定的住所。然而，尽管重建工作的成果令人惊叹，但是巨大的需求依然难以满足。在灾区，有些人还住在临时搭建的木板房或帆布篷子里。有些人还在想怎样东拼西凑才能买得起政府承诺的新房子。建筑工地上有大量临时工作，长期稳定的工作却很少。
In this transient environment, people who have lost everything yearn for a new anchor.
房子是临时的，工作也无法固定，震后一无所有的人们渴望重新安身立命。
"In the older generation, Chinese people didn't remarry after their spouse died," said Zhang Yong, the settlement's burly policeman, who wed again recently. "But if you live alone there's no one to talk to and share your thoughts with. My wife lost her son so her hurt is even worse than mine."
He hoped for companionship, financial stability and a maternal influence for his 11-year-old twin daughters. But his home unit lacks the cosiness of Yuncui and Huajun's. It is sparsely furnished, with a desk but no sofa and bunk beds in the corner. A pink plastic mirror taped to the wall is the sole feminine touch.
中国老一辈人丧偶后一般不会再婚，”张勇说，他是安置区的一名强壮的警察，最近再婚了。“但是有话没人讲，有心事没人可以谈，很难一个人活下去。我妻子在地震中失去了儿子，她心里的痛比我更严重。”他希望找到一个伴侣，这样经济上能更稳定一些，也能给自己11岁大的双胞胎女儿带来母亲的温暖。不过他家里不如朱云翠和尹华军布置得舒适，没有沙发，只稀疏摆着一张桌子和角落
里的双层床。绑在墙上的粉色塑料镜子就是房子里唯一的女性装饰品了。
"Legally we are married, but not ­practically," he said. His new wife is an official too, assigned to a centre two hours away. His daughters board at school in the week. When shifts work out, they see each other weekly; more often, they snatch a day or so each fortnight. For Zhang, as for millions across Sichuan, the warmth and security of his past life remains a distant dream.
我们领了证，但还没搬到一起”，他说。他妻子也是公务员，被分配到两小时路程外的一个中心工作。两个女儿在校住读。能轮班的话，他们每周会见见面，但更多时候，两周才能抽出一天时间见面。对张勇来说，他和四川数百万灾民一样，过去那种温暖与安逸的生活已经成了一个遥远的梦境。
He pulled on his cigarette and gazed at the ceiling. "After everything settles down we will all live together and make a real family," he promised himself.
他点上一支烟，望着天花板说：“等都忙完了，我们要搬到一起，让这个家有个家的样子。”他这样对自己承诺着。