中财网励志祝福逍遥游:汉英翻译讲座(16)
来源：百度文库 编辑：中财网 时间：2024/05/09 05:27:35
二、汉语修饰语词组的英译处理
汉语中的修饰性词组同英语一样，在句法中也相当活跃。其中定语性词组和状语性词组的种类繁多，没有必要也不可能在这里详细讨论。我们只是选取其中较为重要的散动式定语性词组和散动式状语性词组，在这里略加讨论。
从散动式定语性词组和散动式状语性词组的英译处理方法来看，通常将其转化成从句、动词不定式、分词短语和介词短语等，下面逐一举例说明：
1、转化为从句
1）以上就是我们同意继续进行两岸对话的条件。
2）找不找人帮忙的事由你来决定。
1）The afore-said are conditions under which we will agree to continue talks between both sides of the Strait.
2）It’s up to you to decide whether we should look for helping hands or not.
2、转化为动词不定式
1）为什么人服务的问题，是一个根本的问题，原则的问题。
2）皮肤不那么容易受到细菌感染。
1）To serve for whom is a cardinal problem, a matter of principle.
2）Skin is not liable to be affected by bacteria.
3、转化为分词或分词短语
1）他抽出枪就开始向敌人射击。
2）他们扛起铁锹和锄头就下地了。
1）Snatching his gun, he began to fire at the enemy.
2）They left for the fields, shouldering spades and hoes.
4、转化为介词短语
1）尽管有好多缺点，他是个勤奋的人。
2）看见他我就**。
1）With all his shortcomings, he is a hard-working man.
2）I feel sick at the sight of him.
5、惯用法灵活处理
1）她人长得好看，脑子又聪明。
2）这件事说起来容易做起来难。
1）She is as pretty as wise.
2）It’s easier said than done.
三、汉语四字排比结构的英译处理
1、并列关系的英译处理
1）形容词＋名词
a)大峡弯的谷地山峦交错、峡谷相连、江水汹涌。
a) The valley of the Grand Bend is full of multi-peaked mountains, joined canyons and turbulent waters.
b) 我国政府愿意在平等互利、相互开放、长期合作、共同发展的基础上，进一步加强同亚洲各国的经济合作和贸易交流。
b) The Chinese government stands ready to further strengthen economic cooperation and trade ties with other Asian nations on the basis of equality, mutual benefit, mutual openness, long-term cooperation and common progress.
2)名词或形容词＋in＋名词
a)由于这台仪器性能稳定、操作可靠、维修方便，因此受到用户的好评。
a) The instrument has been welcomed by the users because of its stability in service, reliability in operation and simplicity in maintenance.
b)这些女式衬衫系采用上等纯丝制成，价格公道，工艺精湛，设计独特。
b) These silk blouses are made of pure silk of best quality. They are moderate in price, excellent in craftsmanship and unique in designs.
3)介词短语
这里那里，螺号阵阵，渔歌声声；近近远远，红旗飘扬，白帆点点。好一派动人的渔乐图啊！
What an exciting scene of jubilance, with the fishermen’s conches trumpeting and their songs ringing here and there, and red flags fluttering and white sails dotting the sea far and near.
4)名词性词组
a) 大力培养爱岗尽责、方便群众、优质服务的敬业精神。
a) We should vigorously foster the fine spirit, including dedication to work, and offering convenience and fine services to the masses.
b) 防止个人专断和各自为政，反对有令不行、有禁不止。
b) To prevent the tendency to make decisions arbitrarily and go their own way and oppose the defiance of orders and prohibitions.
5)动词短语
我们必须解放思想、实事求是、扎实工作、开拓进取。
We should emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts and work hard and creatively.
汉语中的修饰性词组同英语一样，在句法中也相当活跃。其中定语性词组和状语性词组的种类繁多，没有必要也不可能在这里详细讨论。我们只是选取其中较为重要的散动式定语性词组和散动式状语性词组，在这里略加讨论。
从散动式定语性词组和散动式状语性词组的英译处理方法来看，通常将其转化成从句、动词不定式、分词短语和介词短语等，下面逐一举例说明：
1、转化为从句
1）以上就是我们同意继续进行两岸对话的条件。
2）找不找人帮忙的事由你来决定。
1）The afore-said are conditions under which we will agree to continue talks between both sides of the Strait.
2）It’s up to you to decide whether we should look for helping hands or not.
2、转化为动词不定式
1）为什么人服务的问题，是一个根本的问题，原则的问题。
2）皮肤不那么容易受到细菌感染。
1）To serve for whom is a cardinal problem, a matter of principle.
2）Skin is not liable to be affected by bacteria.
3、转化为分词或分词短语
1）他抽出枪就开始向敌人射击。
2）他们扛起铁锹和锄头就下地了。
1）Snatching his gun, he began to fire at the enemy.
2）They left for the fields, shouldering spades and hoes.
4、转化为介词短语
1）尽管有好多缺点，他是个勤奋的人。
2）看见他我就**。
1）With all his shortcomings, he is a hard-working man.
2）I feel sick at the sight of him.
5、惯用法灵活处理
1）她人长得好看，脑子又聪明。
2）这件事说起来容易做起来难。
1）She is as pretty as wise.
2）It’s easier said than done.
三、汉语四字排比结构的英译处理
1、并列关系的英译处理
1）形容词＋名词
a)大峡弯的谷地山峦交错、峡谷相连、江水汹涌。
a) The valley of the Grand Bend is full of multi-peaked mountains, joined canyons and turbulent waters.
b) 我国政府愿意在平等互利、相互开放、长期合作、共同发展的基础上，进一步加强同亚洲各国的经济合作和贸易交流。
b) The Chinese government stands ready to further strengthen economic cooperation and trade ties with other Asian nations on the basis of equality, mutual benefit, mutual openness, long-term cooperation and common progress.
2)名词或形容词＋in＋名词
a)由于这台仪器性能稳定、操作可靠、维修方便，因此受到用户的好评。
a) The instrument has been welcomed by the users because of its stability in service, reliability in operation and simplicity in maintenance.
b)这些女式衬衫系采用上等纯丝制成，价格公道，工艺精湛，设计独特。
b) These silk blouses are made of pure silk of best quality. They are moderate in price, excellent in craftsmanship and unique in designs.
3)介词短语
这里那里，螺号阵阵，渔歌声声；近近远远，红旗飘扬，白帆点点。好一派动人的渔乐图啊！
What an exciting scene of jubilance, with the fishermen’s conches trumpeting and their songs ringing here and there, and red flags fluttering and white sails dotting the sea far and near.
4)名词性词组
a) 大力培养爱岗尽责、方便群众、优质服务的敬业精神。
a) We should vigorously foster the fine spirit, including dedication to work, and offering convenience and fine services to the masses.
b) 防止个人专断和各自为政，反对有令不行、有禁不止。
b) To prevent the tendency to make decisions arbitrarily and go their own way and oppose the defiance of orders and prohibitions.
5)动词短语
我们必须解放思想、实事求是、扎实工作、开拓进取。
We should emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts and work hard and creatively.