精神分析案例解析:2,012 Urban Gardens by 2012伦敦 2012 年的『首都种植』计划

by Sean Russell
Londoners are hoping to transform their city into a food grower’s paradise by 2012.
伦敦客希望在 2012 年之前，将这座城市打造成种植食物的乐园。
Due to the recent recession and the rising cost of food, urban gardening projects are popping up around the world. Recently, the city of London jumped on the bandwagon with a public gardening movement called Capital Growth. Through this government program, a goal has been set to create 2,012 new food-growing spaces by the end of 2012.
So far, a large number of Londoners have warmed up to the idea. With training and funding from the government, many have turned unused spaces, including schoolyards, nursing homes, and even flat rooftops, into thriving vegetable gardens. The food that is grown will not be sold in stores. Instead, it will be shared among the growers and the community.
London's Mayor, Boris Johnson, got the idea for Capital Growth from a similar program in Vancouver called the 2010 Challenge. What's more, Johnson wants to make London's 2012 Olympic Games the greenest games in history. He realizes that feeding the millions of people attending the Olympics will be no small task. However, feeding them using some of the locally-grown organic food from around the city will be beneficial to the environment and set a good example for future Olympics.
There are many reasons why Londoners are excited about this new program. Not only do locally-grown foods leave almost no carbon footprint, but they are much healthier, tastier, and fresher than foods found at supermarkets. In addition, prior to Capital Growth, people often had to wait decades for a chance to rent a piece of land. With this better system in place, everyone from children to older people can start growing their own delicious food within weeks.
1. According to the article, which of the following statements is true?
(A) Training growers has proven to be expensive.
(B) Only government land is used for this special project.
(C) The idea behind Capital Growth came from another country.
(D) Capital Growth has already met its goal of 2,012 spaces.
2. What does the writer mean by stating that people have warmed up to this idea?
(A) They are a little frightened about the project.
(B) They are starting to like what the project has to offer.
(C) They need the weather to be better before they can start.
(D) They look forward to making a profit from the sale of the food.
3. Which of the following benefits is NOT mentioned as something that Capital Growth participants will enjoy?
(A) Free training from the government.
(B) Fresh food to share with their friends.
(C) The chance to farm pieces of land in the city.
(D) The possibility to create a larger carbon footprint
pop up突然出现，突然发生
例: It seems that a new restaurant pops up every few days around here.
（这附近好像每隔几天就会有家新的餐厅开张。）
jump on the bandwagon
顺应潮流；赶上潮流
bandwagon [ `bAnd:wAgJn ] n. 潮流
例: Many companies have jumped on the green bandwagon.
（许多公司已经开始顺应环保潮流。）
so far到目前为止（常与现在完成式或现在完成进行式并用）
例: So far, the plan has been going smoothly.
（到目前为止，这项计划一直进行得很顺利。）
a large/small number of + 复数名词
多数的　少数的……
a large/small amount of + 不可数名词
大量的　少量的……
例: A large number of fans went to the airport to greet the Korean TV star.
（很多粉丝到机场去迎接那位韩国电视明星。）
例: We found a small amount of gold in the river.
（我们在河里发现少许的金子。）
warm up to sb/sth
对刚接触的人或物产生好感
例: The dog warmed up to me after I gave it some treats.
（这苹狗在我喂它一些东西後，开始对我有好感。）
thriving a. 生长茂盛的
thrive [ HrZIv ] vi. 蓬勃发展，茁壮成长
例: Our garden started to thrive once we installed a sprinkler system.
（安装了洒水系统後，我们的花园开始欣欣向荣。）
share vt. 分享
share A with B和 A 分享 B
例: Kenny refused to share his toys with his brother.
（肯尼不肯和弟弟分享他的玩具。）
beneficial a. 有利的，有益的
be beneficial to...有益於……
例: Green tea, with its many cancer-fighting ingredients, is beneficial to your health.
（绿茶含有很多抗癌成分，对身体好处多多。）
set a good/bad example for...
为……设立良好的典范　坏榜样
例: Arguing in front of your children sets a bad example for them.
（在孩子面前吵架会为他们立下坏榜样。）
prior to...（时间上）在……之前
例: You must not eat anything for 12 hours prior to your surgery.
（你在手术前 12 个小时都不可以进食。）
in place就定位
例: With our sales plan firmly in place, we were finally able to relax a bit.
（在销售计划完全就定位後，我们终於可以稍微放松了。）
look forward to + N/V-ing期待……
例: Rick is looking forward to his sister's visit next month.
（瑞克很期待他姊姊下个月的来访。）
profit n. 利润
make a profit获利
例: The business won't be making a profit in the foreseeable future.
（这项生意在可预见的未来不会有利润。）
benefit n. 益处 & vi. 得益，受惠
benefit from...从……获益
例: Gary benefited a lot from the wisdom of his grandfather.
（盖瑞从祖父的智慧中获益良多。）

not only...but (also)...不仅……而且……
= not only...but...as well注意:
"not only...but (also)..." 为对等连接词片语，可连接对等的单字、片语或子句；若连接对等的主要子句且 not only 置於句首时，由於 not only 视为否定副词，故 not only 後的第一个主要子句要倒装。but also 仅为连接词，故其後的第二个主要子句不须倒装，但 also 一定要省略，或移至句中。
例: Not only is Jack intelligent, but he is also attractive.
= Not only is Jack intelligent, but he is attractive as well.
（杰克既有才智又迷人。）

urban a. 城市的
rural a. 乡村的
recession n.（经济的）衰退，不景气
capital n. 首都
funding n. 拨款；资金（不可数）
schoolyard n. 校园；（学校的）操场
a nursing home（私立）疗养院，安养院
nursing n. 护理，看护
flat n. 公寓（英式用法）
= apartment n.
organic a. 有机的
carbon footprint碳足迹
footprint n. 足迹
participant n. 参与者

伦敦 2012 年的『首都种植』计划
伦敦客希望在 2012 年之前，将这座城市打造成种植食物的乐园。
由於最近的不景气和食物价格上涨，世界各地兴起了在都市栽培作物的计划。近来伦敦市赶上这股风潮，发起『首都种植』这项公众栽培运动。透过这项政府计划，他们想在 2012 年年底之前达成预设目标，开辟 2,012 个栽种食物的农园。
目前，许多伦敦客已经爱上这个构想。由政府负责训练和提供资金，许多人已经将校园、疗养院，甚至是公寓屋顶等闲置空间，变成绿油油的菜园。他们种植的食物将不会在商店贩售。相反地，它们将由种植者和整个社区一起分享。
伦敦市长波利斯·强生从温哥华一个叫做『挑战 2010』的类似计划中获得『首都种植』的灵感。此外，强生想将 2012 年伦敦奥运打造成史上最环保的奥运会。他明白要喂饱数百万参加奥运的人可不是件简单的任务。然而，用一些伦敦当地种植的有机食物来填饱他们的肚子，不仅对环境有益，也替未来的奥运会竖立良好的典范。
伦敦市民喜欢这个新颖计划的原因有很多。不只是当地种植的食物几乎不会制造碳足迹，而且比超市贩售的食物更加健康、美味和新鲜。更何况在『首都种植』计划之前，人们通常得等上数十年才有机会租到一块地。有了这项更完善的制度，不论年龄大小，人人都可以在几个星期内开始种植自己美味的食物了。
1. 根据本文，下列叙述何者正确？
(A) 训练种植者的费用经证实相当昂贵。（文中未提及）
(B) 只有政府的土地为这个特别计划所用。（包括校园、疗养院，还有公寓屋顶等荒地）
(C) 『首都种植』计划的构想来自另一个国家。
(D) 『首都种植』已经达成开辟 2,012 块土地的目标。
题解: 根据文章第 3 段，伦敦市长从温哥华一个叫做『挑战 2010』的类似计划中获得『首都种植』的灵感，可知 (C) 为正选。
2. 作者说『伦敦客已经爱上了这个构想』意思为何？
(A) 他们有一点害怕这个构想。
(B) 他们开始喜欢这个构想所提供的东西。
(C) 他们需要天气好转才能够开始执行。
(D) 他们期望靠贩售种植出来的食物大赚一笔。
题解: 根据文章第 2 段，目前许多伦敦客已经爱上了这个构想。他们种植的食物将不会在商店贩售，而是由种植者和整个社区一起分享，故选 (B)。
3. 下列何者非文中所提，是『首都种植』参与者所能受惠的事情？
(A) 政府提供的免费训练。
(B) 和朋友分享新鲜的食物。
(C) 在这座城市里有机会能耕种几块土地。
(D) 增加更多碳足迹的可能性。
题解: 根据文章第 4 段，伦敦市民喜欢这个计划的原因有很多。不只是当地种植的食物几乎不会制造碳足迹，而且比超市贩售的食物更加健康、美味和新鲜，可知 (D) 选项的叙述错误，故选之。
答案∶1. (C)2. (B)3. (D)

几年前，关於蜜蜂消失的新闻层出不穷，但原因众说纷纭，病毒、真菌、农药、气候变迁、行动电话的使用等都是可能或部分原因。有鉴於此，伦敦市携手 LIDA Agency 及 M&C Saatchi 广告公司，发起 Capital Growth 的姐妹计划 Capital Bee（首都蜜蜂），来鼓励养蜂社群多种植靠蜜蜂授粉的植物，多购买当地的蜂蜜产品，以及减少农药的使用等。
整个活动其实也是为了在 2012 举办的奥运会前，推广增加食物生产的空间。目前已协助 50 个『社区蜂巢』在这个大城市落脚。（资料来源∶http://www.bnext.com.tw/article/view/cid/0/id/18947）