守护者颜语背叛:选修7第四单元重点、难点词汇

高中英语选修7第四单元重点、难点词汇

1. It was wonderful to hear from you. (P29) 收到你的信真是太好了。

关键透析hear from sb. = receive a letter / phone call from sb.

  收到某人的来信，听到某人的消息

  I am delighted to hear from you.  我很高兴收到你的来信。

联想拓展

hear of /about sb. / sth.听说，得知  know of /about sb. / sth.知道/了解……

talk of / about sb. /sth.谈及，谈论

  Haven’t you heard of the Jackson Five? 难道你没听说过Jackson Five吗？

特别提示

hear of 还有“听从”的意思，常用于否定句，与will / would连用，例如：

He wouldn’t hear of me taking the challenge. 我要他接受挑战，但他不肯。

1.       I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here. (P29)                        

我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况。

 关键透析be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事，迫切想要做某事

  Nowadays there are more and more high school students dying to study abroad.

  现在越来越多高中学生迫切希望出国留学。

联想拓展

be dying for sth = be thirsty for 极想得到某物。

  After a long dry season the trees are dying / thirsty for water.

  经过一个漫长的旱季，树木迫切需要水分。

3. I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. (P29)

  我在信中附了几张照片，可以帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。

  关键透析picture n. 图画，照片，画面vt. 描绘，想象

 He often pictures himself as a famous painter.

  他常常想象自己是个著名的画家。

He could have easily pictured all the consequences of being caught. 

  他本可以很容易想到被抓的种种后果。

  联想拓展

water n.  水v.浇水

  hand n.  手v.递，交

  head n.  头v.朝某方向前进

  place n.  地方v.放，放置

  face n.  面孔，脸v.面对，面向

  heat n.  热v.加热

  boat n.  船v.划船

  fool n.  傻子v.愚弄

sound n.  声音v.听起来

  look v. 看n.看，外表

  move n.  步骤，行动v.移动

  test n.  检验，测验v.检验，测验

  cool adj.  凉爽的v.使……降温

  warm adj.  温暖的v.变暖，使……暖和

4. ...there are lots of “good mornings” for me from the boys, many of whom have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to the school. (P29) 迎接我的是男孩子们一片早上好的声音。他们中很多人走了很长的路，有的时候要走两个小时才能到学校。

关键透析up to 多达，直到……，胜任，由……负责/决定

Our manager earns up to 100,000 yuan a month while we only get50,000 a year.

 我们经理每月赚十万元，而我们一年才赚五万元。

联想拓展

be up to sth = be busy doing sth. 忙于，从事

  it’s up to sb. to do sth. 由某人负责做某事

  be up to = be fit for  胜任（常用于否定句和疑问句中）

What’s up? 怎么了？/发生什么事了？

  What is Dad up to? It’s up to him to decide whether to go or not.

  爸爸在忙什么呢？去不去还要由他来决定。

  I don’t think I am up to such a demanding job.

  我认为我不能胜任这么高要求的工作。

5. I’m still trying to adapt to these conditions but, one thing is for sure, I’ve become a lot more imaginative in my teaching. (P29)

我还在努力的适应这儿的生活条件。但有一点是肯定的，我在教学中变的更富有想象力了。

关键透析 for sure 肯定如此，毫无疑问

 He knew it for sure that there was something wrong with the Washing machine.

  他清楚地知道洗衣机有问题。

联想拓展

it /that. is for sure 那是肯定无疑的

  know sth. for sure 知道……肯定无疑

  Soon he will turn to you for help and that’s for sure.

不久他就会求助于你了，那是肯定无疑的。

6. The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere! (P29) 我还没有明白怎么回事，混合液就到处冒气泡了。 

  关键透析before sb. know it 不知不觉就……; 还没明白怎么回事就……。

  Before we knew it, it was already 5 o’clock and we had to say

  goodbye to the workers of the farm.

  不知不觉就已经五点钟了，我们只好向农场的工人道别。

7. The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows. (P29) 男孩子们从前都没有见过这种情况，吓得都往窗外跳去。

关键透析  come across

偶然遇到或发现，碰见，被理解(meet, find, or discover, esp. by chance)

She came across some old letters in the course of her search for a book..

I came across an old friend yesterday.我昨天碰到了一个老朋友。

She came across some old photographs in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。

联想拓展

come about       发生，产生；           come along          一起，进展，出现

come off         从---离开，脱离         come out            出来，出版，结果是

come to          达到，结果是           come up             走过来，被提出；长出

come up with      赶上，提出            come over            来访，拜访

A number of questions came up at the meeting. 许多问题在会议上被提出。         

8. … a low hut with grass sticking out of the roof. (P29)

这是一个低矮的竹屋，屋顶上伸出一簇茅草。

关键透析stick out

伸出,突出；坚持到底

Don’t stick your head out of the car window while it’s running.

汽车在行进中，不要把你的头伸出车窗。

联想拓展

stick out for sth坚持要求某事物   stick to sth     不放弃,坚持… 

stick at sth       坚持不懈做某事   stick sth on      把…固定/粘贴

stick up          竖起，向上突起      stick with       继续支持某人

stick it out 坚持到底；拼到底；一直忍下去

9. The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. (P30)

小屋内很黑，眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。

关键透析Adjust  vt. 使适应(新环境)

He adjusted himself quickly to the heat of the country.

他使自己很快的适应了这个国家的炎热气候。

1)整理,安排 adjust one’s clothes and hair

2)校正,调准 adjust the focus of a camera’s

3)使适应(新环境) adjust oneself/ sth to sth

The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in temperature.

身体迅速调节以适应气温的改变

联想拓展

 (同义词)arrange v. 安排,整理      adapt V. 适应

(派生词)adjustable adj.可以调节的  adjustment  n.调节,调整

10.… , even though I could not participate in the conversation. (P30)

尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。

关键透析 participate

vi 参加,参与,有关系

participate in 参加,参与   participate in a discussion

Everyone wants to participate in the debate. 大家都想参加这场辩论。

联想拓展

 (派生词) participant n.参加者,参与的人  participation n.参与,分享

易混辨析

participate in，attend, join/take part in

participate in 强调与他人共同参加某项活动；暗示以一种积极地态度参加；

attend         参加会议、出席典礼；上学、听课、听演讲、讲座等；

join           参加一个组织并成为一名成员；不及物动词用in;join in=take part in参加某项活动

take part in   参加某项活动，侧重群众性，娱乐性

11. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night so the food is dried up in the can ... .(P30)          汤贝告诉我说，罐子加热是为了把里面的残菜剩饭烧干。

关键透析dry out (使)变干，干透

dry up (使)完全变干，（河流，湖泊等）干涸；把……弄干

  The burning sun has dried up many ponds in this area recently.

  最近，火辣辣的太阳把这个地区的许多池塘都晒干了。

  His mouth always dries up when he is nervous.

  紧张的时候，他总是变得口干舌燥。

12. Choose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world’s poorest and bring hope for a better future to a community in need. (P33)   从目录中选出一件最有用的礼物送给世界上最穷的人，给一个有需要的社区带去会有美好未来的希望。

关键透析

in need 在困难中，在危急中

A friend in need is a friend indeed.   患难朋友才是真正的朋友（患难见真情）

  联想拓展

 in need / want of 需要the need for sth. 对……的需要at one’s need 在某人困难时

satisfy / meet one’s needs  满足某人的需要

  All bills need paying now and I’m in great need of money.

  全部账单要结了，我现在急需钱。

13. This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages.(P34)

一件礼物可以支付贫穷偏远地区小学的课本和练习本费用。

关键透析

Cover Vt be enough money for,够支付

Will ten dollars cover the damage?

十美元够赔偿这项损失吗？

用法归纳

1) 覆盖，遮掩，遮盖

  Dust covered his desk. 他的桌上布满灰尘。

  2) 遮蔽……的表面，加封面，涂抹

  Cover a wall with paper. 贴壁纸。

  3) 隐瞒，蒙蔽He tried to cover his mistake.

  4) 占用，延续，包含，包括

  His report covered all aspects of the project.他的报告涵盖了这个项目的所有层面。

  5) 行走，走过

  She covered 10,000 meters in less than 2 hours.  她在两小时走完了10000米。

  6) 钱够用

  Will 2000 dollars cover the bill?  2000 元够付账吗？

  7) 采访，报导

  I’m covering the election campaign.  我正在采访选举方面的消息。