中财网鹅掌木是发财树吗:中考真题解析版汇编之句型转换
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2011年全国各地市110份中考真题解析版汇编之句型转换
【基础知识】
句子改写类
综述
句型转换试题是中考试题的重点题型。主要考查学生掌握句型结构基本知识的程度、灵活运用句型的能力和逻辑思惟的能力。从内容上看，主要有陈述句的肯定与否定、四种疑问句、感叹句、祈使句之间的转换，语态之间的转换，常见句型与词汇之间的转换等。
[题目1 ] 同义句转换
根据A句意思完成B句，使A、B两句意思相同或相近。
1. She learned French by herself at the age of 20.
She __________ _____________ French at the age of 20.
2. I didn’t go there for the outing with them because I was ill.
My illness ___________me _____________ them in the outing.
3. No matter where I go, I will never forget my teacher and classmates.
______________ I go, I will always __________ my teachers and classmates
4. If you don’t study hard, you won’t catch up with other students.
If you don’t study hard, you will ___________ ___________ other students.
5. She has made up her mind that she won’t do that again.
She has ___________ __________ to do that again.
【预测依据】研究2011年的各地中考试题我们发现，同义句转换难度较大，考查的主要是对句型的活用以及同一个内容多种形式表达的能力。根据这一原则，我们所押的第一个小题考查同义词组teach oneself, learn by oneself。第二个小题主要是考察“因为某种原因不能做某事”的不同表达方式。第3个小题则是考察同义词组no matter where=wherever。第4个小题主要考查“不能赶上”的不同的表达方式。第5个小题主要考查“决心不去做某事”的不同的表达方式。2012 年的试题将继续坚持考查句型的活用和同一内容的不同表达方式。
【解题关键】
下面谈谈同义转换的解题技巧。
①同义词的互换。这是同义句转换中最简单的形式，希望大家可以熟练掌握课本中出现的同义词。如：look after/take care of, arrive in (at)/get to/ reach, be out/ be not at home, enjoy oneself/have a good time, no hurry/take one’s time, teach oneself/learn by oneself等。
在现在完成时中，延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换。延续性动词能与表达一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能；改为与之对应的延续性动词或者短语；用于“It is+一段时间＋since + 一般过去时”的句型中。
②意义相同或者相近的句型句式的转换。利用意义相同或者相近的句型句式转换，要注意他们之间的同义可换性。如：too…to可以转换成so … that not, so that转化为enough to等。
③用派生词或者词类转换法转换。这时要注意句子结构的变化。
④语态的变化：主动句的宾语改为被动句的主语，再把谓语动词变为被动语态。主动句中的主要成为介词by的宾语或者省略。
⑤ 简单句与复合句之间的转换。常见的有用不定式替换、介词短语替换等。
⑥ 合并分句法。If引导的条件句与“祈使句＋简单句”转换； both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor等连词合并为一个简单句。
⑦比较级与最高级之间互换。在比较级之间的转换中，常用not as（so）…as换成含有than的比较级句子； 比较级可以转化为最高级的句子。
【答案解析】1. taught herself teach oneself=learn by oneself
2. stopped/prevented, joining stop …(from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事
3. Wherever, remember 应用反义词组进行互相转换。never forget= remember
4. fall behind 应用反义词组进行互相转换。catch up with= fall behind
5. decided not 应用同义词组进行互相转换。make up one’s mind=decide
[题目2 ]
1. Aunt Huang likes making home cooking. (否定句)
Aunt Huang _______ _______ making home cooking.
2. John went to see his grandpa once a week. (就划线部分提问)
How ________ ________ John go to see his grandpa?
3. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years. (同义句)
It’s more than ten years ______ Susan ______ to this city.
4. Ben’s read the text three times. (反意疑问句)
Ben’s read the text three times, _________ _________?
5. You must take care of your things. (被动语态)
Your things must ________ _______ care of.
6. They are happy to see each other. (改为感叹句)
_______ ______ they are to see each other!
7. The exam begins at nine. (改为一般疑问句)
________ the exam _______ at nine?
8. He was playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon. (就划线部分提问)
______ ______ he ______ at four yesterday afternoon?
9. He had nothing for breakfast. (改为反意疑问句)
He had nothing for breakfast ______ _______?
10. She doesn’t think I can surf on the Internet. (改反意疑问句)
She doesn’t think I can surf on the Internet, _______ _______?
【预测依据】依据新课程标准的精神，结合2011年各地的中考试题看，主观性试题有增加的趋势，预计2012年中考中主观性试题还会有所增加。这类题目考查的范围较广，如陈述句变为否定句，陈述句变为一般疑问句，对划线部分提问，感叹句之间的转换等等。在这些题目中，考查反意疑问句的概率较高，并特别注重考查一些特殊形式的反意疑问句。出现概率较高的还有陈述句变为一般疑问句和否定句。我们所押的这组题目中，考查反意疑问句的有3个小题，对划线部分提问2个小题，变为否定句、一般疑问句、同义句以及语态的转换各一个小题。
【答案解析】
1. doesn’t like 是第三人称的否定句另加doesn’t，然后把动词还原为like，即去掉s。
2. how often; did 对频率提问用how often，过去时态的一般疑问句另加助动词did，动词过去式还原为原形。
3. 这是完成时转换成过去时的句型，结构为It’s +时间since +一般过去时，注意此时的动词步能用延续性动词，应换为非延续动词，答案是since, came。
4. 此题主要考查分解Ben’s为Ben is还是Ben has，它是完成时态，因此是has，前者为肯定，后者为否定hasn’t he。
5. 这是含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为情态动词+be+过去分词，答案是be taken。
6. How happy
7. Does; begin 主语为第三人称单数形式，疑问句中动词要使用原形。
8. What was; doing
9.had he 如果陈述部分有否定或者半否定词never, hardly, seldom, neither, few, little, no, nobody, nothing等时，后面的附加问句部分用肯定形式。
10.does she
[题目3 ]
1、I suppose that Jim dislikes fish, ________ ________?（反义疑问句）
2、There are 17,800,800 people in Australia.
There are 28,100,100 people in
The population in
3、The doctor has asked him not to smoke any more.
He no smokes because the doctor has asked him not to.（同义句）
4、Why are you making this card?（同义句）
_______ are you making this card _______?
5、He used the money to buy things for his lab.（同义句）
_______ the money he _______ things for his lab.
6. Uncle Wang likes making things. (改写为否定句)
Uncle Wang _______ _______ making things.
7. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Ann _______ the book to the library yesterday?
8. Our city is very beautiful. (改为感叹句)
_______ _______ our city is!
9. He has worked in this school for five years. (就划线部分提问)
_______ _______ has he worked in this school?
10.
[预测依据] 依据新课程标准的精神，结合2011年各地的中考试题看，主观性试题有增加的趋势，预计2012年中考中主观性试题还会有所增加。这类题目考查的范围较广，除了陈述句变为否定句，陈述句变为一般疑问句，对划线部分提问，感叹句之间的转换常见的考试形式以外，还有简单句与复合句的转换等。我们所押的这组题目中，考虑到这一考查形式，我们设置了2道有关简单句与复合句互相转换的小题。我们认为2012年的试题中，这种形式可能的题目可能增加。
【答案解析】
1、 doesn't he
2、 smaller than that
3、 longer应用同义词组进行互相转换。not any longer = no longer; no more =not any more
4、 What, for
5、With, bought
6、doesn’t like 主语为第三人称单数形式是，变为否定句，要把句中的动词变为原形。
7、Did return 句中含有实义动词的一般现在时态的句子，变为一般疑问句时，在句首添加do的过去式形式，并把句中的动词变为原形。
8、How beautiful
9、How long 划线部分在句中做时间状语，对时间状语提问使用how long。
10、not as; as
【解题关键】
1肯定句变否定句。侧重于一些特殊的结构上：①等词后接宾语从句，要把主句的动词变成否定句式以构成否定句；②利用词语的变化构成否定句，如both变neither, everybody变nobody等；③在构成否定句时，部分词也要做出相应的变化，如some或者some-构成的复合不定代词，改为any或者含any-的复合不定代词等。
2陈述句变反意疑问句。侧重于一些特殊形式的考查：①陈述部分有否定或者半否定词never, hardly, seldom, neither, few, little, no, nobody, nothing等时，后面的附加问句部分用肯定形式；②以Let’s开头，附加问句部分用shall we?其他的否定句，常用will(won’t) you?③have表示“有”，否定问句部分用have或者do的否定形式；表示“不得不”(have to)，多用do的适当形式；表示其它意义，后面常用do的适当形式；充当助动词，用have的适当形式。
3陈述句变感叹句：①由how引出，句子的基本结构为：How ＋形容词（或副词）＋主语＋谓语。这种感叹句强调形容词或副词。例如： How delicious they are！它们味道真美！②由what引出，其基本结构是：What（a ／an）＋形容词＋名词（单数或复数）＋主语＋谓语。这种感叹句强调名词。例如： What an important meeting it is！多么重要的会呀！
What a long way it is from
4 对划线部分提问，应该找准划线部分充当的成分，就主语提问通常用who, what和which;就谓语部分提问用what; 就定语提问用whom或者which。根据结构的不同，确定不同的疑问词。
临阵技法
句型转换的解题方法主要有替代法、合并法、转换法及综述法。替代法指用同义词或者短语替代原句的某个部分；合并法即用连词将两个简单句合并为一个全新的复合句或者简单句；转换法即用不同大的句型改写原句；综述法即根据原句句意综合分析，并进行重新表述。
在解答句型转换试题时应该注意：1弄清题意，明确考点，了解试题的句子与答语之间的变化及关系。2多角度的、全方位的思惟，抓住重点，突破难点，注意复查与验证，看答案是否复合题意、句式结构和试题要求。
【真题荟萃】
（一）句式转换
【2011重庆】V. 完成句子。（每空1分，共10分）
根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。
66. My classmates are going to skate in the afternoon.(改为否定句)
My classmates_________ __________ to skate in the afternoon.
67. Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend.(改为反意疑问句)
Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend，__________ _______?
68. Bruce has art lessons twice a week.(对划线部分提问)
________ _________ does Bruce have are lessons?
70. 请等待我们的好消息。（完成译句）
Please ______ ______ our good news!
答案：66. aren’t going 变为否定句，有be 动词are,直接加not。
67. doesn’t he 考查反义疑问句的用法，前肯后否，一般现在时态并且主语是第三人称单数，所以用doesn’t。
68. How often 对频率提问用How often.
70. wait for 考查固定短语 “wait for” 等待。
【2011山东临沂】七、句形转换（共6个小题，计6分）
77.
______
78. There were some tigers in the mountains (改为否定句)
There ______ ______ tigers in the mountains.
79. The twins are of medium height. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ the twins look like?
81. You should finish the work at the end of the week. (改为被动语态)
The work should ______ ______ at the end of the week.
77. Does, have 78. weren’t any 79. What do 81.be finished
【2011贵州安顺】C. 句型转换，每空一词。
11. They had an English party last Sunday. (改为否定句)
They _____ ____ an English party last Sunday.
12. The reporter asked the girl, “Do you like your volunteer work on weekends?” (改为间接引语)
The reporter asked the girl _____ she _____ her volunteer work on weekends.
13. The girl with a flower in her hand is my sister. (改为含定语从句的复合句)
The girl ____ ____ a flower in her hand is my sister.
14. Should I arrive on time or a little later if someone invites me to dinner? (改为同义句)
Am I ____ ____ arrive on time or a little later if someone invites me to dinner?
15. The students will learn the group dance on the school playground. (对画线部分提问)
______ _____ the students learn the group dance?
答案：11. didn't have 12. if; liked 13. who/that has/holds 14. supposed to15.Where will
【2011上海】VII Rewrite the following sentences as required
65. We keep in touch with each other by email.(改为否定句)
We _____ _____ in touch with each other by email.
66. Our school organizes an English speech contest once a year. (对话先部分提分)
_____ _____ does your school organize an English speech contest?
67. The beach is a nice place for tourists.(改为感叹句)
_____ _____ nice place the beach is for tourists!
68. Are there any new markets in
The sales manager wants to know _____ there _____ any new markets in
69. The university will invite many graduates to celebrate its 100th birthday. (改为被动语态)
Many graduates will _____ _____ by the university to celebrate its 100th birthday.
70. We shouldn't talk loudly in the theater. We shouldn't smoke there, either.(保持句意不变)
We should _____ talk loudly _____ smoke in the theater.
VII. 65. don’t keep 66. How often 67. What a 68. if, are 69. be invited 70. neither, nor
【2011重庆江津】根据所给的提示，完成句子，每空一词，含缩略词。
66. Dave sometimes helps in the house at the weekend.(改为一般疑问句)
Dave sometimes in the house?
67. Many visitors will come to our city in July .(对划线部分提问)
many visitors come to our city?
68. Maria asked me to go to her birthday party yesterday.(改为否定句)
Maria me to her birthday party yesterday.
66. Does help 67. When will 68. didn’t ask
【2011重庆】V. 完成句子。（每空1分，共10分）
根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。
66. My classmates are going to skate in the afternoon.(改为否定句)
My classmates_________ __________ to skate in the afternoon.
67. Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend.(改为反意疑问句)
Mr. Zhao goes fishing every weekend，__________ _______?
68. Bruce has art lessons twice a week.(对划线部分提问)
________ _________ does Bruce have are lessons?
70. 请等待我们的好消息。（完成译句）
Please ______ ______ our good news!
答案：66. aren’t going 变为否定句，有be 动词are,直接加not。
67. doesn’t he 考查反义疑问句的用法，前肯后否，一般现在时态并且主语是第三人称单数，所以用doesn’t。
68. How often 对频率提问用How often.
70. wait for 考查固定短语 “wait for” 等待。
【2011乌鲁木齐】86.0ur city is beautiful.(改为感叹句)
______ our city is!
86 How beautiful
【2011乌鲁木齐】87 .There are two hundred famous companies in Xinjiang from 19 provinces.(对划线部分提问)
______ _______famous companies in Xinjiang are there from 19 provinces?
87.How many
【2011乌鲁木齐】90. She hardly knew how to solve this math problem.(完成反义疑问句)
She hardly knew how to solve this math problem, _______ ________ ?
90. did she
【2011广西百色】第二节 句型转换（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分。一空一词，错填不给分）
74. The nurse does all the housework in my home every day.(改为一般疑问句)
________ the nurse __________ all the housework in your home every day?
75. We broke two teeth when playing football.(改为单数句)
________ broke a __________ when playing football.
76. Let’s go and help the old man to cross the road.(改为反意疑问句)
Let’s go and help the old man to cross the road,_________ ____________?
77. Jane will learn a new dance in the gym.(就划线部分提问)
___________ _________ Jane learn a new dance?
78.“Why do you stay at home?”my father asked.（把直接引语改为间接引语）
My father asked ________ I _______ at home.
74. Does, do 75. I, tooth 76. shall we 77. Where will 78. why, stayed
Ⅴ.完成句子。（每空1分，共10分）
【2011四川乐山】81. We will turn off the lights for an hour on Earth Day.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ we turn off the lights for an hour?
【2011四川乐山】83. “Will you please open the window?” she said to him. (将直接引语改为间接引语)
She ________ him ________ open the window.
【2011四川乐山】85. The new high-speed Hangzhou-Shanghai line started running last year. It cost about 29 billion yuan. (合并为含定语从句的句子)
The new high-speed Hangzhou-Shanghai line ________ ________ about 29 billion yuan started running last year.
答案：81. When will 83. asked; to 85. that/ which cost
【2011?兰州】九、按要求完成句子
A）句型转换
1. By comparing with others, you will find your problems are not so terrible.（划线部分提问）
you find your problems are not so terrible?
答案：How will
2. It is interesting to send English messages to friends on a mobile phone.（改为感叹句）
interesting thing it is to send English messages to friends on a mobile phone!答案：What an
4. Being a volunteer is great.（改为反义疑问句）
Being a volunteer is great, ?
答案：isn't it
5. The woman teacher asked the students “ Can you understand what I am saying?”（改为间接引语）
The woman teacher asked the students could understand what she was saying.
答案：if/ whether they
（二）同义句转换
【2011重庆】
69. I spend half an hour doing morning exercises every day.(改为同义句)
It _______ me half an hour to _______ morning exercises every day.
答案：69. takes; do 考查“花费”的同义句，It takes sb some time to do sth花费某人一段时间做某事，it 是形式主语，不定式做真正的主语。
【2011四川乐山】82. Shall we have a picnic at the weekend? (改为同义句)
________ ________ having a picnic at the weekend?
【2011四川乐山】84. They kept on talking until the teacher came in. (改为同义句)
They didn’t ________ ________ until the teacher came in.
答案：82. What/ How about 84. stop talking
【2011?兰州】3. It would be nice if we could get a room with a kitchen so we could cook our town meals.（改为同义句）
It would be nice if we could get a room a kitchen so we could cook our own meals.
答案：which has
【2011山东临沂】七、句形转换（共6个小题，计6分）
80. Frank will come up with some ways to learn more English.(改为同义句)。
Frank will ______ ______ some ways to learn more English.
80.think up
Ⅲ.句型转换，根据要求完成下列句子（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
【2011乌鲁木齐】88.1 am surprised to find great changes have taken place in China.(改为同义句)
______ my ______ ,I find great changes have taken place in
88.To, surprise
【2011乌鲁木齐】89. My son is too young to join the army. (改为同义句)
My son isn't _______ to join the army.
89. old enough
【2011连云港】六、完成句子（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分）
在横线上填入所缺部分，使句子完整（注意：每空不止一个单词）。
A. 同义句改写
66. To plant trees every year is necessary for us.
________ for us to plant trees every year.
67. Paul left
Paul ________
66. It is necessary 67.has been away from
【2011重庆江津】69. Tommy usually walks to school every morning.(改为同义句)
Tommy usually goes to school every morning.
69. on foot