牙齿发炎有脓怎么办:九年级知识点归纳

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九年级知识点归纳

重点短语

Unit 1

1. by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡    2.ask…for help                  向某人求助

3. read aloud                    朗读                    4. that way(=in that way)    通过那种方式

5. improve my speaking skills                         提高我的会话技巧

6. for example                  例如               7.have fun doing sth            玩得高兴

8. have conversations with friends 与朋友对话9. get excited about            为…高兴,激动

10.end up speaking in Chinese                       以说汉语结束对话

11.do a survey about…     做有关…的调查  12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔记

13.spoken English (= oral English) 英语口语        14.makemistakes in sth        在… 犯错误

15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确     16.practisespeaking English        练习说英语  

17.first of all                    首先                    18.beginwith                             以…开始

19.later on                       随后                   20.in class                           在课堂上                  

21.laugh at                       嘲笑             22.takenotes                       记笔记  

23.enjoy doing                 喜欢干…            24.write down                     写下,记下

25.look up (v + adv)         查找,查询       26.native speakers                说本族话的人

27.make up        编造,虚构,化妆,打扮 28.around the world             全世界

29.deal with              对待,处理,解决      30.worryabout (be worried about) 担心,担忧

31.be angry with              生某人的气       32.stayangry                             生气

33.go by                          消逝            34. regard…as…                 把…当做…

35.complain about/of               抱怨                36. with the help of                     在…的帮助下

37.compare…to (with)… 把…和…作比较    38.thinkof (think about)      想起,想到   

39.physical problems         身体上的问题       40.breakoff                        中断,突然终止

41.not…at all                   根本不,全然不    42.make complete sentences  做完整的句子

43.join 加入某团体 并成为其中一员; join in与takepart in指参加到某项活动中去。

44.be afraid of                  害怕                    be afraid to                          害怕    

45.have trouble in doing sth 做....有困难        46.study for a test                 为考试用功

47. make vocabulary lists   做单词表             48. too …to…      太…而以致于不能做

49.watch English-language TV 看英语电视   50. to beginwith                 首先

51.take a lot of grammar notes                        记大量的语法笔记

52.look up the words in a dictionary                      查字(词)典

53.this kind of paper          这种纸                 54.spend …on… 在…上花费(时间、金钱)

55.speak English as a second language            把英语当做第二语言来说

56.give up                       放弃                    57.inthe future                   在将来

Unit 2

1. used to                        过去常常          2.be afraid of                     害怕…

3. over here                     在这边          4.be interested in                对…感兴趣

5. on the swim team          游泳队的队员.   6. be terrified of                  惧怕…

7. go to sleep                   入睡            8. all the time                             一直

9. chat with…                  和…聊天         10.stressed out                     感到紧张
11.cause trouble/problems 惹麻烦             12.pay for                           付款
13.look after                    照顾             14.dosth. as well as sb. can  尽可能好地…

15.gym class                    体操课           16.inthe end                       最终
17.make a decision           下决心          18.head teacher                   班主任
19.talk with                     和…谈论         20.to one’s surprise       令某人吃惊的是
21.even though                尽管              22.nolonger=not… any longer  不再
23.take pride in              对…感到自豪     24.pay attention to                      对…注意
25.give up doing              放弃做…          26.changeone’s mind  改变某人的主意
27.with the lights on         开着灯….         28.chewgum a lot               经常咀嚼口香糖
29.spend time doing         花时间做…       30.takesb. to concerts   带某人去音乐会
31.daily life                     日常生活         32.affordto do                    负担得起
33.a seven-year-old boy 一个七岁大的男孩子34.be alone                        单独

35.no more=not… anymore 不再            36.getinto trouble                      遇到麻烦

37.get into troublewith    和…引起冲突.      38.worry about                    担心

39.walk to school = goto school on foot               步行去上学
40.take the bus to school = go to school by bus 坐公车去上学

41.go right home             直接回家              42.wastetime                      浪费时间

43.play the piano             弹钢琴                 44.speak in front of a group 在人群面前讲话

45. in the last few years    在过去的几年里   46.send messages                 发信息

47.be able to                    能够                    48.be madeup of …           由……组成的

49.sound like …              听起来像             50.insteadof …                  代替……

Unit 3

1. should beallowed to (do) 应该被允许(做)…  2. sixteen-year-olds      16岁的青少年

3. have part-timejobs         做兼职工作           4.get one’s ears pierced 扎耳洞

5. not seriousenough           不够认真              6.stop doing sth          停止做某事

7. need to dosth                  需要做某事           8.instead of (doing sth) 代替、不是

9. on schoolnights/Friday nights/Saturday afternoons

在上学日子里的晚上/星期五晚上/星期六下午

10. by 10:00 am                  上午10点前         11. stay up                   熬夜

12. clean up                        清扫干净              13.fail a test               测试不及格

14. take thetest                   参加考试              15.pass the test           通过考试

16. be strict withsb              对某人要求严格    17. bestrict in sth    对某事要求严格

18. the otherday                  前几天                  19.talk about              谈论

20. concentrate on…            集中精力于……    21. be good for            对…有好处

22. be good to                    对…好                  23.be good at             擅长于……

24. a good idea/wayto do sth. 做…的好方法      25.learn from 向…学习/从…学到……

26. at present =now = right now  目前、现在   27.would(’d)like to do  想要、希望……

28. have anopportunity to do sth.                       有机会做某事

29. have a chance to do /of doing sth.                  有机会做某事

30. look good/niceon sb.       穿在某人身上好看       31.at least  至少<—> at most  至多

32. have /get +时间+off       休息多长时间       33. reply to                 回答、答复

34. get in theway                       妨碍                     35.as much as          和……一样多

36. be seriousabout            对……认真           37.care about             关心、关怀

38. achieve/realizeone’s dream  实现梦想         39.spend on sth / in (doing) sth 花费…

40. an English-Englishdictionary英语词典         41.old people’s home         敬老院

42. stop wearing that silly earring                       停止戴那种傻的耳坠

43. choose my own clothes 挑选我自己的衣服 44.take time to do sth. 花时间做某事

45. learn a lot from each other 相互学到很多知识46. feel sleepy            感到困倦

47. chat online with friends    网上和朋友聊天   48. in fact                    事实上

Unit 4

1. a million dollars            一百万美元                  2.buy snacks                      买零食

3. three hundred / thousand / million / billion          三百/千/百万/十亿

4. hundreds / thousands / millions / billionsof         数以百/千/百万/十亿计

5. give the money to charity 把钱捐献给慈善机构6. put the money to the bank存钱

7. medical research           医疗研究                    8. add…to…                 添加…到…

9. be nervous 紧张                                              10.be late for               迟到

11. at the party                  在晚会上                     12. wear a shirt and tie穿衬衣打领带

13. what if …                  即使…又会怎么样呢?14. get / be nervous              紧张

15. get pimples                 起鸡皮疙瘩/长青春痘 16.take a big exam              参加大考

17. too…to…                   太…以致不能              18.take a long walk      散一大段步

19. help you relax             帮你放松                     20. let me have one       让我有一个

21. speak in public            在公共场合讲话          22.hardly ever              几乎不曾

23. give a speech               作演讲                         24. without permission 未经允许

25. with one’s permission在某人许可的情况下 26. ask sb. to be in a movie邀请某人拍电影

27. introduce oneself         自我介绍                    28.not …in the slightest 一点也不

29. plenty of                    许多…,足够的…      30. the company of …    ……的陪伴

31. be easy to get along with 容易相处             32. would rather…than…宁愿…也不愿…

33. English speech contest        英语演讲比赛             34. represent theclass    代表班级

35. let sb. down                使某人失望                36. come up with          提出、想出

37. the rest of students              其余的学生                  38. be faced with           面临、面对

39. have experience (in) doing sth.                         在做某事方面有经验

40. deal with                     对付、应付、处理       41.come out          出来、出版、开花

42. by accident                  偶然地、无意之中       43. cover with               用…覆盖住

44. go downstairs / upstairs       下/上楼                        45.get hurt                  受伤

46. refuse to do sth.           拒绝做某事                  47.hide sth. from. sb.把某事瞒着某人

重点句子

Unit 1

1. How do you study for a test?                             你怎样为考试做准备?

2. I have learned a lot that way.                            用那种方法,我已经学到了很多东西。

3. It’s too hard to understand the voice.          听懂那些声音太难了。

4. Memorizing the words of pop songs alsohelped a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。

5. Wei Ming feels differently.                        卫明有不同的感受。

6. He finds watching movies frustrating.         他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧.

7. She added that having conversations withfriends was not helpful at all.

她又说和朋友对话根本没用。

8.I don’t have a partner to practice Englishwith. 我没有搭档一起练习英语。

9. Later on, I realized that it doesn’tmatter if you don’t understand every word.

随后,我认识到听不懂每个词并没有关系。

10.It’s amazing how much this helped.           我惊异于这些方法竟如此有用。

11.My teacher is very impressed.                    给老师留下了深刻的印象。

12.She had trouble making complete sentences.她很难造出完整的句子。

13.What do you think you are doing?             你在做什么?

14.Most people speak English as a secondlanguage. 英语对于大多数人来说是第二语言。

15.How do we deal with our problem?            我们怎样处理我们的问题?

16.It is our dutyto try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help ofour teachers. 在老师的帮助下尽我们最大的努力来应对挑战是我们的责任。

Unit 2

1.I used to be afraidof the dark.                    我以前害怕黑暗.
2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on.      我开着卧室的灯睡觉.
3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends.
                                     以前我常常花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏.
4.I hardly ever have time for concerts.           我几乎没有时间去听音乐会.
5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 在过去的几年里我的生活变化很大.
6.It will make you stressed out.                     那会使你紧张的.
7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot.              玉梅似乎变化很大.

Unit 3

1. I think students should be allowed to goout with their friends.

我认为应该允许学生们跟朋友一起外出。

     I agree. / I disagree.我同意。 / 我不同意。

  2. Do you think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to work at night?

你认为应该允许16岁的青年人在晚上工作吗?

Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

  3. I don’t think teenagers should be allowed to drive.

我认为不应该允许16岁的青少年驾车。

  4. I have to stay at home on school nights.            在上学的日子里,我晚上必须呆在家。

  5. I’m allowed to go shopping with my friends.    允许我和朋友一起去购物。

  6. We have a lot of rules at my house. So do we.   我们家有很多家规。我们家也有。

  7. Do you ever get to class late?                           你曾经上学迟到吗?

  8. Peter should be allowed to take the test later.     应该允许彼得晚些参加考试。

  9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.

我和朋友们谈论我们学校的规定。

  10.What school rules do you think should be changed?  你认为应改变哪些学校规定?

  11.Sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork.有时这些爱好会妨碍学习。

  12.I’m serious about running.                              但我对跑步极感兴趣。/ 热衷于跑步。

  13.I know this might seem strict.                         我知道这似乎太严格。

 14.Teenagersoften think they should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as theywant.              青少年通常认为应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间。

Unit 4

1. What would you do if you had a milliondollars? 如果你有一百万美元,你会怎么做呢?

2. I’m too tired to do well.我太累了不能做好。

3. If I were you, I’d talk to someone wholooks friendly.

如果我是你,我将和看起来友好的人讲话。

4. I really want a dog, but my parents won’tlet me have one.

我真的想要一只狗,但我的父母不允许我养。

5. You like talking to one or two peoplerather than to a group.

你喜欢和一个或两个人交谈,而不是一群人。

6. You must always hide medicine fromchildren.你必须把药藏到小孩子们看不到的地方。

重点句型、句式

Unit 1

1. by + doing 通过……方式 如:by studying with a group

    by 还可以表示:“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期间”、“用”、“经过”、“乘车”等

如:I live by the river.       

I have to go backby ten o’clock.

        The thief enteredthe room by the window.

        The student wentto park by bus.

2.too…to 太…而不能  常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth.

如:I’m too tired to say anything.我太累了,什么都不想说。

3.be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited aboutdoing sth.  

= be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋

如:I am / get excited about goingto Beijing.=

        I am excited to go to Beijing.我对去北京感到兴奋。

4. ① end up doing sth    终止做某事,结束做某事 

如:he party endedup singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。

end up with sth.    以…结束

如:The party ended up with hersinging. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。

5.one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式  …其中之一

    如:She is oneof the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。

6. It’s +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事…

    如:It’s difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。

    句中的it 是形式主语,真正的主语是tostudy English

7.unless 假如不,除非 引导条件状语从句

 如:You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力你会失败。

        I won’twrite unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写

8. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生

seesb. / sth. do    看见某人在做某事 如:

    如:She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。

Unit 2

1.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事

    否定形式: didn’tuse to do sth. / used not to do sth.

如:He usedto play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。

         Did he use to play football?Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

         He didn’t use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。

2. 反意疑问句 (中考不考,可作了解)

    ①肯定陈述句+否定提问 如:Lily is a student, isn’t she?

                                Lily will go to China,won’t she?

    否定陈述句+肯定提问 如:Shedoesn’t come from China, does she?

You haven’tfinished homework, have you?

   ③提问部分用代词而不用名词Lily is a student, isn’t she?

   ④陈述句中含有否定意义的词

如:little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。

如:He knows little English, doeshe? 他一点也不懂英语,不是吗?

They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白,不是吗?

3.interested adj.感兴趣的,指人对某事物感兴趣,往往主语是人

     interestingadj.有趣的,指某事物/某人具有趣味,主语往往是物

①be interested in sth. 对…感兴趣

②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣

如:He is interested in math, buthe isn’t interested in speaking English.

他对数学感兴趣,但是他对说英语不感兴趣。

4.害怕…  beterrified of sth.  如:I amterrified of the dog.

             be terrified of doing sth. 如:I amterrified of speaking

5.spend 动词,表示“花费金钱、时间”

     ①spend…on sth. 在某事上花费(金钱、时间)

     ②spend…doing sth. 花费(金钱、时间)去做某事 

如:He spendstoo much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着

He spend 3 months buildingthe bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。

    pay for 花费 如:I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。

 take  动词 有“花费”的意思 常用的结构有:

    take sb.    … to do sth.如:It takes mea day to read the book.

take … to do sth.

6.how to swim 怎样游泳 

   不定式与疑问词连用:动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用,构成不定工短语。

如:The questionis when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。

         I don’t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。

7.  makesb./ sth. + 形容词  make you happy

      makesb./ sth. + 动词原形  make him laugh

8.as + 形容词./副词+as sb.could/can 尽某人的…能力 

如: Zhou run asfast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。

9.take pride in sth. 以…而自豪

如:His fatheralways take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪

10. pay attention to sth. 对…注意,留心 

如:You must payattention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。

11. be able to do sth. 能做某事 

如:She is ableto do it. 她能够做到。

12. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 

如:My fatherhas given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。

13.不再no more == nolonger 如:I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。

       ②not …any more == not …any longer 

如:I don’tplay tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。

Unit 3

1.allow句型 allow sb to do sth             允许某人做某事

如: We do not allow people to smoke in the hall.

allow doing                      允许做某事

be allowed to do              被允许做某事

should be allowed to do   应该被允许做某事

2.get their ears pierced 穿耳洞

让/使(别人)做某事 get sth. done(过去分词)

                havesth. done      

     如:I get mycar made. == I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车

3.enough 足够 

     形容词+enough  如:beautifulenough 足够漂亮

      enough+名词 如:enough food 足够食物

      enough  to  足够…去做… 

如:I have enoughmoney to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。

         She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。

4.  stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止说话。

stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 Please stopto speak.请停下来说话。

5. 看起来好像… sb. seem to do sth.  = it seems that +从句

      如:He seemsto feel very sad.

          It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。

6.系动词不能独立作谓语,要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有:look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外,一般都是接形容词 

如:They arevery happy.  He became a doctor twoyears ago. She felt very tired.

7. 倒装句:

由so+助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词+主语 意为:…也是一样

    She isa student. So am I. 她是一个学生,我也是。

      She went to school just now. So didI . 她刚才去学校了,我也是

      She has finished the work. So haveI . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。

      She will go to school. So will he. 她将去学校,他也是。

8.曾经做某事: 

    Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.

      Have you ever got to schoollate? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.

9.be strict with sb. 对某人严厉 

如:Mother is strict with her son.妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。

10.keep sb/ sth. +形容词 使某人/某物保持…

如:We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。

11. both…and… +动词复数形式

如: Both Jim and Li Ming play  bastketball.

12. learn(sth.) from sb.  向谁学习(什么)

如:Jim learnt English from hisEnglish teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语

13.  have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事

      have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事

   如:I have an opportunity to go to Beijing

 I have a chance of going to Beijing.

14.花费 take,cost, spend , pay

     sth.take (sb.) time to do sth.  Ittook (me) 10days to read the book.

     sth.cost (sb.) ……        The book cost(me) 100yuan.

     sb.spend … on sth.        She spent10days on this book.

     sb.spend …doing sth.      She spent10days reading this book.

     sb. pay … for sth.          She paid 10yuan forthis book.

15. have +时间段+off    放假,休息 如:have 2days off

16. reply to 答复某人 如:Shereplayed to MrGreen.

17.  agree with sth. 同意某事      如:I agree withthat idea.

       agree to sb.  同意某人的意见  如:I agree to LiLei.

18. get in the way of 碍事,妨碍

如: Her social life got in the way ofher studies.

她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。

19.think about 与think of 的区别 

      ①当两者译为: 认为、想起、记着时,两者可互用

      I oftenthink about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。

      ②think about 还有“考虑”之意,thinkof   想到、想出时两者不能互用

      At last, he thoughtof a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。

      We arethinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。

20. 对… 热衷, 对…兴趣

be serious about doing 如:She is seriousabout dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。

be serious about sth. 如:She is seriousabout him. 她对他感兴趣。

21. practice doing 练习做某事   She often practicespeaking English.

22. care about sb. 关心某人 如:Motheroften care about her son.

23.  also 也   用于句中 I am also a student. 我也是一个学生

    either也 用于否定句且用于句末 I am not a studenteither.我也不是一个学生。too   也  用于肯定句且用于句末  I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。

Unit 4

1.pretend to do sth. 假装做某事  I pretended to sleep just now.

     pretend +从句 假装…   I pretended that I fell asleep.

2. be late for 迟到  如:I am late for work/ school/class/ party.

3.what if + 从句   如果…怎么办, 要是… 又怎么样

如:What if shedoesn’t come? 要是她不来怎么办?

         What if LiLei knows?  如果李雷知道了怎么办?

4. add sth.to sth.添加…到… 如:I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。

5. ask sb. to do叫…做某事

     ask sb. not to do sth.叫…不要做某事

      tellsb. to do 告诉…做某事 

tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉…不要做某事

如:Teacherasked me to clean the classroom.

       Teacherasked me not to clean the classroom.

6. start doing==start to do.开始做某事

如:He startedspeaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。

7. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物

如:I borroweda book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。

8. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人

如:I introducedLily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。

9. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事

如:Lily invitedme to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。

10.get along with sb. 与…相处

如:Do you getalong well with your friends? 你和你的朋友相处得好吗?

11. would rather do sth. than do sth.表示愿做某事而不愿做某事

如:I wouldrather walk than run.

12.let sb. down 让某人失望 如:Don’t let your mother down.不要让你的妈妈失望。

13. come up with sth.提出 如He:came up with a good idea.他提出了一个好主意。

     catch up with sb.  追上 赶上 如:Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。

14. have experience doing 在做某事有经验

如:I have experienceteaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有经验。

重点语法

Unit 1

1. 动词不定式

(1)做定语后置

The best way to learn English is reading aloud.

The fastest way to travel is by plane

(2)与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系

I need a pen to write with.     

I don’t have a partner to practice English with.

I need some paper to write on.      

I don’t have a room to live in.

2.  动名词

(1)作主语(谓语为第三人称单数)

Memorizing the words of pop songs also helps a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。

Swimming is good for our health.

(2)作宾语

在动词(keep\practice\finish\enjoy\hate\be busy\mind) 只用—ing 作宾语

Eg. We should keep speaking English in class.

   Heoften practices singing in themorning.

   Ihave finished reading the book.   

Would you mind opening the door?

(3) 作定语 I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of thesecrets……

Unit 2

1. usedto 过去常常做某事,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态. 后跟动词原形.
否定形式为: didn’t use to 或 use not to /usedn’t to

疑问形式为: Did…use to…? 或 Used…to…?

Eg. I used to bereally quiet.

I didn’t use to liketests.

Did you use to playthe piano? Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.

=Use you to play thepiano? Yes, I use. / No, I use not.

You used to be short,didn’t you?  Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.
2. wear 表示状态. put on 表示动作. dress + 人 给某人穿衣服.
3. on the swim team on 是…的成员,在…供职.
4. Don’t you remember me? 否定疑问句.
  Yes, I do. 不, 我记得. No, I don’t 是的, 我不记得了.
5. be terrified of 害怕的程度比 be afraid of 深.
6. miss: ① 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days.

② 错过, 未中, 未赶上, 未找到.
例: I’m sorry that youmiss the bus.

7. nomore (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾) 指次数;
no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指时间.

8. It seems that Yu Mei haschanged a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot.
9. afford + n. /pron.  afford + to do 常与can, be able to 连用.
  例: Can you afford a new car?
     His mother couldn’t afford to payfor her child’s education.
10. alone = by oneself 独自一人. lonely 孤独的, 寂寞的.
11. in the last/past + 一段时间

duringthe last/past + 一段时间 与现在完成时连用.
12. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的)

Unit 4

宾语从句     宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。

    由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语 构成

   常由下面的一些词引导:

    ㈠由that 引导  表示陈述意义 that 可省略

      He says(that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。

    ㈡由if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)

      I don’t know if/ whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。

    ㈢由 连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义

      Do you know whathe wants to buy?  你知道他想要买什么吗?

    ㈣从句时态要与主句一致

      当主句是一般现在时,从句根据情况使用任何时态

      He says(that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。

      I don’tknow (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。

She wants toknow if I have finished my homework.

她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。

      Do you know when he will beback? 你知道他将会什么时候回来?

      当主句是一般过去时,从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)

      He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。

      I didn’t know that she was singingnow. 我不知道她正在唱歌。

She wanted toknow if I had finished m homework.

她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。

Did you know when he wouldbe back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来?

话题功能

Unit 1

1. 提建议的句子:

a. 提建议常用语

1. Shall we …?

2. You’d better….

3. Let’s ….

4. Let us…, will you?

5. Why not/ Why don’t you….?

6. What/How about…?

7. Would you like to…?

8. Will you please…?

b. 同意他人建议常用语

1. Yes, please./OK./Certainly./All right. /Sure.

2. Good idea. /That’s a good idea. /What agood idea!

3. Yes, let’s…/I would be glad to.

4. I would like to. /Yes, I’d like/love to.

c. 拒绝他人建议常用语

1. No, thank you.

2. Sorry, we can’t. /Sorry, you can’t.

3. Sorry, I’m afraid…/Sorry, I’ll…/Yes, I’dlike (love) to, but…

2.解决问题的句子:

a.提出问题

1. I can’t get the pronunciationright.

2. Iforget a lot of new words.

3. I can’talways understand when people talk to me.

4. I can’tunderstand the words in magazines.

5. I don’tget much writing practice.

b.解决问题

1. Youcan always write the new words in your notebook and study them at home.

2. Youshould find a pen pal.

3.Listening can help.

4. Whydon’t you join an English language club to practice speaking English?

Unit 2

谈论某人过去的性格:

1. ----She used to be short.

----Yes, she did. Now she is tall.

2. ----I used to eat candy all thetime.

----Did you?

----Yes, I did. And I used to chew gum a lot.

Unit 3~4

请求和允许:

a礼貌地提出请求常见句式:

Could/would you(please) do/not do…?/Could/Would you do/not do…,please?

答语常见句式:

Yes, sure. /Certainly./ Of course.

Sorry, I can’t. /I’m afraid not. I have to do my homework.

b请求允许常见句式:

1).Can/Could/May I use your bike?

注意:could只是表示比can更委婉的语气而不是的过去式.

2).I wonder if I could sit here?

3).Is it/Would it be all right if I hand in the composition next Monday?

4).Do you mind if I ask you a few questions?/

Would you mind if I smoked here?/Do you mind my smoking here?

注意:在句式中,if从句通常用一般过去时,但它不表示过去,而是一种虚拟语气.

对于句式1—3的回答有:

1).允许:That’ s allright. /Yes, please/go ahead/you can./Of course./Sure./Certainly

2).不允许:I’m sorry,but it’s not allowed./I am afraid not./You’d better not./No, please don’t.

注意: 因为may, could, might的语气不太肯定,所以一般不用.

对于第4种句式的回答有:

1).允许:No, not atall/go ahead./Of course not./Certainly not.

2).不允许:I’m sorry,but it’s not allowed./You’d better not.

注意: 同意要用No或 Not at all 等表示不介意, 不同意要用Yes表示介意.

书面表达

Unit 1

王燕收到张涛的来信,吃惊的发现张涛因英语成绩不佳,丧失信心,决定放弃英语.王燕写信鼓励他,信中谈到英语学习的重要性, 劝他别灰心,只要下苦功,他一定能学好英语.

要  求:根据提示写一封80词的回信,写信时间2008年3月6日;

列出提纲,写出关键词,可以适当拓展,不要逐局翻译;

(A)Online: ____________________________________________________

        ____________________________________________________

        ____________________________________________________

Keywords:

(B)       

Unit 2

某英语报举办以“家乡的变化”为主题的正文活动. 请你根据自己的所见所闻以“The changes in myhometown”为题, 用英语写一篇80词左右的短文。写作之前须列一个英文提纲,然后列出你所需的关键词(至少4个,必须应用在作文中).

要 求: 1. 文中不得出现具体的地名;     2. 标题和开头已给出,不计如总词数;

(A)Online: ____________________________________________________

          ____________________________________________________

          ____________________________________________________

Keywords:

(B)                 The changes in myhometown

        In the past, my hometownwas very small. _______________________

Unit 3

国有国法,家有家规.不同的学校,校规也可能不同.请就你所在的学校的校规,谈谈现在的中学生都被准许在学校里做什么和不准许做什么,写一则80词的短文.

要 求: 列出提纲,写出关键词,可以适当拓展,应用被动语态;文中不得出现具体的校名.

(A)Online: ____________________________________________________

         ____________________________________________________

         ____________________________________________________

Keywords:

(B)   

Unit 4

我们经常听到有些孩子总是抱怨父母不理解他们,父母与孩子之间存在代沟,假设你是父母,你会怎么处理与孩子之间的关系.

要  求: 列出提纲,写出关键词,可以适当拓展,语句通顺,过度自然,适当应用虚拟语气,80词左右.

(A)Online: ____________________________________________________

          ____________________________________________________

          ____________________________________________________

Keywords:

(B)   

 

【应掌握的词组】

Unit 5

1、be long to属于                     11、wear a suit穿西装

2、listen to classical music听古典音乐    12、make a movie拍电影

3、at school上学、求学、在学校        13、in our neighborhood在我们附近、在我们小区

4、go to the concert去听音乐会          14、have fun玩耍、取闹

5、have any/some idea知道 have no idea不知道15、his or herown idea她(他)自己的看法

6、a math test on algebra有关代数的数学考试   16、late night深夜

7、the final exam期末考试            17、an ocean of许许多多、无穷无尽的

8、because of因为                   18、be care of=look out当心、小心

9、a present for his mother送给她妈妈的礼物 19、pretend to dosth假装干…

10、run for exercise跑步锻炼           20、use up用完、用光

Unit 6

1.expect to do sth.期望干……                                2.catchup with追上,赶上

expect sb. to do sth期望某人干……                     3.differentkinds of music各种不同的音乐

4.quiet and gentle songs轻柔的歌曲                      5.take…to… 带……到……

6. remind…of…使某人想起或意识到……             7.herown songs她自己的歌曲

8.be important to对……重要                           9.YellowRiver黄河

10.Hong Tao’s latest movie洪涛最近的电影        11.over the years多年来

12.be sure to do sth.务必干……一定干……             14.on display展览,展出

13.one of the best known Chinesephotographers        15.come and go来来往往

世界上最有名的中国摄影家之一                      16.can’t stand不能忍受

17.look for寻找                                                     18.feelsick感到恶心,不舒服 

19.have a great time玩得高兴,过得愉快                20.to be honest说实话   

21.my six-month English course我6个月的英语课   22.be lucky to do幸运的是……  

23.most of my friends我的大部分朋友                   24.gofor去找某人,想法得到某事物

25.stay healthy保持健康                                   26.Frenchfries薯条

27.stay away from与……保持距离                        28.bein agreement意见一致

29.barbecued meat烤肉                                   30.a tag question反意疑问句

31.be bad for对……有害

Unit7

1.go on vacation 去度假                        2.trekthrough the jungle 徒步穿越丛林

3.some day 有朝一日                            4.one of the liveliest cities 最有活力的城市之一

5.be supposed to do sth. 应该干。           6.pack light clothes 穿薄衣服

7.take a trip 去旅行                                  8.providesb with sth = provide sth for sb

9.be away 离开,远离                           10.the answer to the question 问题的答案

11.according to 根据。按照。                 12.workas tour guides 做导游的工作

13.dream of 梦想,想到                       14.less realistic dreams 不现实的梦想

15.be willing to do sth. 愿意干。                     16.achieveone’s dreams 实现梦想

17.sail across the pacific 横渡太平洋         18.hold on to 保持,不要放弃(卖掉)

19.take it easy 从容 轻松 不紧张          20.Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉大瀑布

21.Eiffel Tower 艾菲尔铁塔                         22.NotreDame Cathedral 巴黎圣母院

23.this time of year 一年中的这个时候      24.in general 通常 ,大体上, 一般而言

Unit 8

1.clean up 清扫                                 2.give out 分发,发放

3.cheer up=make…happier 使...高兴,使...振作              4.after school study program 课外学习班

5.come up with=think up 提出,想出               6.putoff 推迟

7.write down 写下,记下                          8.putup 张贴

9.hand out 分发,发放                            10.callup 打电话

11.ser up=establish 建立                           12.behome to sb 是某人的家园

13.volunteer one’s time to do sth                           14.put…to use… 把...投入使用             15.elementary school 小学                                          16.planto do sth 计划干...打算干

17.coach a football team for kids 训练少年足球        18.start a Chinese History club

19.run out of 用完,耗尽                          20.takeafter 在性格或长相方面与父母像

21.fix up 修理                                   22.giveaway 捐赠   

23.be similar to 与...相似                          24.ask for 索要    

25.a call-in center for parents 家长热线                     26.hangout 闲荡

27.put up signs asking for singing jobs                             28.run out of moneyfor singing lessons

张贴寻求唱歌工作的广告                                          学唱歌的钱用完了

29.disabled people 残疾人                          30.forsure 确实如此,毫无疑问

31.fill…with... 用...填充...   be full of 装满了...    32.help...out 帮助...做事,解决难题

33.a specially trained dog                                        34.trainsb to do sth 训练某人干...            35.fetch my book 把我的书拿来                                36.part of speech 词性

【应掌握的句子】

Unit 5

1、If you have any idea where might be please call me.如果你知道它可能在哪,请打电话给我。

2、It’s crucialthat I study for it because it counts 30%to the final exam.

关键是我必须学,因为它占期末考试的30%。

3、What do you think “anxious” means?你认为“anxious”是什么意思?

4、He could be running for exercise.他可能是跑步锻炼身体。

5、He might be running to catch a bus.他可能是在跑着赶公共汽车。

6、Why do you think the man is running?你觉得那个男的为什么跑?

7、No more mystery in Bell Tower neighborhood.钟塔附近不再有神秘的事了。

8、One finger can’t left a small stone.独木难支。

9、When an ant says“ocean”,he istalking about a small pool.井底之蛙。

10、It is less of a problem to be poor than to be dishonest.宁穷勿贱。

11、Be careful of the person who does not talk, and the dog that doesnot bark.

明抢易挡,暗箭难防。

12、You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep.真人不露相。

13、Tell me and I’ll forget. Show me, and I may not remember. Let me try, and I’ll understand.有亲身体验才能明白其中的道理。

14、Don’t letyesterday use up too much of today.过去的就让它过去吧。

15、He who would do great things should not attempt them all along.

一个好汉三个帮。

Unit 6

1.I love singers who write their own music.我喜欢自己创作曲子的歌手。

2.We prefer music that has great lyrics.我们更喜欢歌词很棒的曲子。

3.What do you dislike about this CD.你不喜欢这张CD的什么?

4.What does it remind you of?它使你想起了什么?

5.The music reminds me of Brazilian dancemusic.这首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。

6.It does have a few good features, though.然而,它的确也有一些好的方面。

7.She really has something for everyone.每个人的确都能从她的作品中领悟到一些东西。

8.Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition.无论怎样,你都不能错过这次展出。

9.As the name suggests, the band has a lotof energy.正如乐队名字所暗示的那样,这支乐队很有活力。

10. Some people say they are boring, butothers say they are great.

11.If I were you, I’d eat nuts instead.如果我是你,我会改吃坚果。

Unit7

1. where would you like to go onvacation?  I’d like to trek through the jungle.

2. l like places where the weather isalways warm.

3. I like to go somewhere relaxing 我喜欢去休闲的地方

4. For your next vacation, why not considervisiting Paris?你下次度假为什么不考虑去巴黎?

5. Traveling around Paris by taxi can costa lot of money.乘坐出租车游览巴黎要花费很多钱

6. So unless you speak French yourself, it’s best to travel with someone whocan translate things for you. 因此,除非你自己会讲法语,否则最好与一个能为你翻译的人一起去。

7. We’d like to be away for three weeks. 我们大约要去三个星期.

8. The person has a lot of money to spendon the vacation. 度假中这个人有很多钱可以花.

9.I hope you can provide me with some information aboutthe kinds of vacations that your firm can offer 我希望能给我提供一些贵公司能经营的旅游项目的信息.

10.Could you please give me some suggestions forvacation spots?你能给我一些有关度假地的建议吗?

11.You need to pack some warm clothes ifyou go there. 你如果去那里,需要带些暖和的衣服。

12.I’d love to sail across the Pacific.我想横渡太平洋。

Unit 8

1.We can’t put offmaking a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. 我们不能推迟制订计划,清洁日离现在只有两周了。

2.She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school carecentre at her local elementary school. 她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作,使这个爱好得到较好的利用

3.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get tospend time doing what I love to do. 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐,而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。

4.The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project atheir school. 这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目。

5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes. 他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的广告。

6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很有效。

7.He did a radio interview. 他接受了电台的采访。

8.We need to come up with a plan. 我们需要指定一个计划。

9.You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。

10.He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who don’t have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车,并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。

重点词、句型讲解

※1.prefer  v.更喜爱,更喜欢,相当于like……better,其过去式、过去分词为preferred,常用于以下结构:                         

(1)prefer+名词、代词I preferred music.  Which doyou prefer?

(2)prefer+动词不定式“宁愿干……”Sheprefers to live among the working people.

(3) prefer+v-ing    I preferliving abroad.

(4)prefer+动词不定式复合结构:

常见的搭配有:

①   prefer……to……喜欢……而不喜欢……(to为介词)She prefers apples to bananas.

②   prefer doing to doing(to为介词)He prefersrunning to walking.

③   prefer to do …… rather than do sth.宁愿干……而不愿干……

They prefer to play games rather than watch TV.

※2. not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分

    (1) 引导以 not only …but (also)… 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。

如:Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不仅能做到而且做得最好。

    ⑵  Not only…but (also)… 接两主语时,谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化也就是就近原则 如:Not only Lily but (also) youlike cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。

常见的就近原则的结构有:

     Neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)

Either… or… 不是…就是… (两者中的一个)

     Not only …but (also)…

     There be

重点语法

1. 情态动词表示推测:

(1)must常用于肯定句中,意为“准是、一定”,它表达的肯定程度最大,可以达到100%。

(2)could、might、may的意思是“可能、也许”,表示推测,它们所表达的肯定程度较低,这三个词相比may的可能性稍大一些;他们的肯定程度在20%至80%。

(3)can’t的意思之“不可能”,它相应的肯定形式是must;它的可能性为0% 。

(4)must、could、might和can’t的后面可用一般现在时、现在进行时,表示对现在的动作、状态或正在进行的动作的推测。

例:He might/could be playingbasketball now.他现在可能正在打篮球。

I’m sure thatshe can’t stay athome.我确信她不在家。

He must be walking in the garden.他肯定在花园里散步。

2. 现在完成时态

⑴ 由have/has + 过去分词

⑵ 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 常与already, just , yet, ever, never 连用 如:Have you finished your work yet?你完成了你的工作了吗?

⑶ ①表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作 或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括现在在内)的一段时间的状态连用如:for + 时间段,since + 时间点,或过   去某一动作, 以及how long

非延续性动词在现在完成 时态中不能和for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词

如:buy----have    die----be dead   join ---- be in   borrow-----keep   leave---- be away   I have bought a pen.------ I havehad a pen for 2 weeks.  Thedog has died.------- The dog has been dead since last week.

⑷ ①have (has) been to + 地点    去过某地 已经回来

have (has) gone to + 地点    去了某地 没有回来

have been in + 地点       一直呆在某地 没有离开过  

话题功能

1.邀请和应答  Invitations and responses

a. Will you come to…?Would you like to…?

b. Yes, I’d love to…Yes, it’s very kind/nice of you.

c. I’d love to, but…

2.提供(帮助等)和应答  Offers and responses

a .Can I help you? What can I do for you? Here, take this/my… Letme…for you.

Would you like some…?

b. Thanks. That would be nice/fine. Thank you for your help.  Yes,please.

c. No, thanks/thank you.That’s very kind of you, but…

3.请求允许和应答  Asking for permission and responses

a. May I…? Can/Could I…?

b. Yes/Certainly. Yes, do please. Of course (you may). That’s Ok/allright.

c. I’m sorry, but…You’d better not.

4.表示同意和不同意  Expressing agreement and disagreement

a. Certainly/Sure/Of course. Yes, please. Yes, I think so.

b. That’s true/OK. That’s a good idea. I agree (with you).

c. No, I don’t think so. I’m afraid not.  really can’t agree with you.

5.表示肯定和不肯定  Expressing certainty and uncertainty

a. I’m sure. I’m sure (that) …

b. I’m not sure. I’m not sure whether/if…

c. Maybe/Perhaps

5.喜好和厌恶  Likes and dislikes

a. I like/love… (very much). I like/love to…

b. I don’t like (to) …I hate (to) …

6.请求  Requests

a. Can/Could you…for me?  Will/would you please…?  May I have…?

b. Please give/pass me… Pleasewait (here/a moment). Please wait for your turn.

Please stand in line/line up.  Please hurry.

c. Don’t rush/crowd.  No noise, please. No smoking, please.

7.劝告和建议  Advice and suggestions

a. You’d better… You should… Youneed (to)…

b. Shall we…? Let’s… What /Howabout…?

8.禁止和警告  Prohibition and warnings

a. You can’t/mustn’t… If you…,you’ll…

b. Take care !  Be careful ! Look out !

9.表示感情  Expressing certain emotions

a.喜悦 Pleasure, joy  I’m glad/pleased/happy to…\That’s nice. \That’s wonderful/great.

b.焦虑 Anxiety  What’s wrong? \What’s the matter(with you)?\I’m/He’s/She’s worried.

Oh, what shall I/we do?

c.惊奇 Surprise\ Really?\Oh dear?\Is that so?

10.约会  Making appointments

a. Are you free this afternoon/evening?  How about tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening?

Shall we meet at 4: 30 at…?

b. Yes, that’s all right.   Yes,I’ll be free then.

c. No, I won’t be free then. But I’ll be free…

书面表达

Unit 5 It must belong to Carla.

你在回家的路上捡到一只钢笔,认为是Tom的,因为你知道Tom有这样的一只钢笔,于是你给Tom,但是不是他的。 你们认为有可能是Tina的。

On Friday afternoon, school was over. I went home by bike. On my wayhome, I found a pen lying on the road. I picked it up. I thought it was Tom’s.Because I knew he had a pen like this. The next day I gave it to Tom. But itwasn’t Tom’s. We thought it might be Tina’s. Because we saw Tina use the pen.

Unit 6 I like music that I can dance to.

* 用英语介绍一下你最喜欢的一位歌手,电影明星或著名运动员, 可参考以下要点。

要点:1 Who is he/she ?                     2Why do you like him/her ?

3. What do you dislike about him/her?     4. What do you think of him/her?

* 题目:Myfavorite…

要求:写一篇有关你最喜欢的东西的评论,例如,你可以评论一本书,一个CD,一部电影,一首歌曲等, 并说明你喜欢它的理由。

    I got a book from my friend last week. It’sabout food. I like it very much. There are many pictures in the book. All thepictures are colorful. If you are interested in cooking, you can also find outhow to cook them in the book. Also it tells you what we should do to keep healthy.It’s really a good help for those who’d like to learn cooking.

 

Unit 7 Where would you like to visit?

 

*假如你在旅行社工作,向大家推荐一个旅行的地方, 说明为什麽去哪里?

Hello, everyone ! Would you like to do something special? Why notconsider visiting Sea World? Sea World is such a place where you can enjoydifferent kinds of water animals. There are all kinds of fishes from all overthe world. We also have a dolphin part, where you can watch the dolphin show,play with the dolphins with the help of the workers there. Please don’t feedthe dolphins. Animals are our friends, we should protect them and take care ofthem. If you hope to take some photos, we have a special area where you cantake photos freely.

Come and visit Sea World. You’ll have awonderful time here.

以“I would like to go to …”为题 写一篇短文,请写明

The name of the place            Where the place is.

What you can do there.           How to get there.

I would like to travel to the East Beach.It is in the east of our city, and is about 20 kilometers away. It is one ofthe best beaches in our country. The sand is fine, soft, and clean. The wateris clean and suitable for swimming. What’s more, it is easy to get there. Manybuses can take me there. There are toilets, dressing rooms and shops there. Iam sure I can have a good time there.

 

初中英语九年级(911)单元知识点归纳

一.重点短语

Unit 9

1.be used for 用来做…           2.be used by 被…使用

3.be used in 被用于…场合      4.be used as 被用作…

5.light bulb  电灯泡         6.microwaveoven 微波炉

7.by mistake 错误地                  8.by accident 偶然地

9.according to 根据,按照            10.fall into 落入,陷入

11.in this way  这样                 12.knock into 与…相撞

13.make sb. happy 使某人愉快       14.do wrong 做错,作恶,犯罪

15.boil water 烧开水                16.boil with fury  激怒

17.be on fire 着火了                18.a rose bush 玫瑰花丛

19.thousamds of 许许多多,成千的   20.thousands of times 几千遍,无数次,千万倍

21.the ancients 古代民族           22.shoot at 射击

23.the number of “…的总数,数量” 24.A number of  “许多…”

25.fall down (从高处)落下           26.fall off从(自行车.卡车.摩托车等)上面掉下来

27.fall over 摔趴下                 28.some time 一段时间

29.some times 几次/倍               30.at the end of  在…的最后,在…的末尾

31.by the end of 到…末为止        32.by accident=by chance 偶然的,无意中

33.take part in 参加,参与         34.hang from 悬挂,吊着

35.It is believed 人们说,据说     36.since then 从那时起(到现在)

37.prefer to更喜欢                  38.divide into 分成,分为

39.alarm clock 闹钟                 40.not…until 直到…才…

Unit 10

1.by the time 到…时候,到…之前         2.go off 发出响声

3.run off 跑掉                           4.on time 准时

5.break down 停止运转,出故障            6.show up 出席.露面

7.April Fool’s Day 愚人节(4月1日)       8.set off 激起,引起

9.set out 卖完,售光                     10.get married 结婚

11.a piece of 一片,一块                 12.come true 实现

13.come by 经过                          14.come for 取

15.come from 来自                        16.all the time 始终

17.at times 有时                         18.in time 及时

19.from time to time 偶尔                20.kill time 消磨时间

21.go off 响起                           22.wake up 醒来

23.take /have a shower 淋浴              24.run off to 向…跑去

25.on time 准时                          26.give sb.a ride 让某人搭便车

27.break down 损坏                       28.get dressed 穿衣

29.be married 结婚                       30.dress up 化装

31.rich land 沃土                        32.so…that… 如此…以至于…

33.marry sb 与某人结婚                   34.wait for 等待,等候

35.be late for 迟到                      36.stay up 不睡觉,熬夜

37.go off 发出响声                     38.exchange money 兑换钱

39.hang out 闲逛                       40.work on 从事

Unit 11

1.department store 百货商店.百货公司   2.water slide 水滑道

3.dress up 穿上盛装.装扮               4.hand in 交上,提交,呈送

5.buy sb.sth. 为某人买某物             6.save money 存钱

7.on business 因公                     8.on duty 值班

9.on radio 通过无线电                 10.take(up) a book 拿(起)一本书

11.take sb.by the hand 拉住某人的手  12.take food 吃东西

13.take notes 记笔记                 14.take medicine 吃药

15.take one’s temperature 给某人量体温16.the second floor 二楼

17.turn left 往左拐                   18.next to 在……隔壁,相邻

19.at the mall 在商业街               20.decide to do sth 决定去做某事

21.make a decision做出决定           22.make up one’s mind to do sth下决心做某事

23.take a vacation 度假               24.a fascinating voice 迷人的嗓音

25.both…and… 两者都                 26.neither…nor…  既不…也不…

27.either…or…  要么…要么…         28.not only…butalso  不但…而且…

29.rights and duties 权利与义务       30.right or wrong 正误,是非

31.on the right 在右边                32.safety first  安全第一

33.right dress  向右看齐              34.walk right on 直走

35.the right hand 右手                36.be known as 以…而著名

37.be known for 因…而出名            38.be known to sb 为…所了解

39.make oneself known to对…作自我介绍40.know about 了解,知道

41.be similar to 与…相似              42.depend on 依靠,依赖

二.重点句子

Unit9

When was the car invented?小汽车是什么时候被发明的?

When were electric slippers invented?电子拖鞋是什么时候被发明的?

Who were they invented by?他们是被谁发明的?

What are they used for?他们被用来做什么?

Unit10

By the time she got up,her brother had already gone intothe bathroom

在她起床之前,她的哥哥已经进入到浴室里去了。

By the time she went outside,the bus had already left

在她出来之前,公共汽车已经离开了。

By the time she got to class,the teacher had already startedteaching

在她到达班级之前,老师已经开始讲课了。

When she got to school,she realized she had left herbackpack at home

在她到达学校之前,她已经意识到她的背包落在家里了。

Unit11

Could you please tell me where therest-rooms are?

你能告诉我厕所在哪吗?

Could you tell me how to get to the postoffice?

你能告诉我怎样去邮局吗?

Could you please tell me where I can get adictionary?

你能告诉我在哪能买到字典吗?

Can you tell me where center street is?

你能告诉我中央大街在哪吗?

Do you know if there are any publicrestrooms around here?

你知道这附近是否有公共厕所吗?

三.重点句型,句式

Unit9

1.被动语态:它是由“was/were+动语“过去分词”构成的。”

2.be used for:意思是“被用来做什么”,强调用途或作用.

3.be used as :意思是“被作为什么来用”,强调被当作工具或手段来用.

4.be used by:意思是“被谁使用”,强调使用者.

5.“名词+现在分词/过去分词”构成一个合成形容词,在句中作定语和表语。

6.插入语:当一个词、短语或从句用在句里,而与句子的其他成分没有语法上的关系时,它就是句子的独立成分。插入语就是这种独立成分之一。插入语一般对一句话做一些附加的解释,放在句末时,通常在前面加逗号,放在句中时,有时在前后加逗号,有时不加任何标点符号。

7.according to+名词 意思是按照、依照……所说,随着……的不同而不同

8.according as +从句,意思是根据……而……,按照……而……

※9.prefer todo sth.“更喜欢去做某事”

   Prefer 意思是更喜欢,常可与like better ,instead of 进行替换,它所组成的常见句式有:Prefer A to B“比起B来更喜欢A”,preferdoing A to doing B“比起干B这件事来,更喜欢干A这件事”,  perfer to do A rather than do B“宁愿做A而不原做B.”

Unit10

1.“take+a+名词”结构来表示一次性动作。

2. happen to sb.某人发生某事, 指偶然地或碰巧发生,强调意外.

3. take place 意思也是发生,指经过安排或计划要发生的事情,强调必然性.

4. by the time 意思是“到……时为止,到……时”,注重时间的截止。

   atthe time 表示“在……时”,注重时间的开始。

5. give one a ride=hitch a ride with sb.意思是“让某人搭便车”

6. forget to do sth.意思是“忘记做某事”,指“要做的事情忘记做”.

7. forget doing sth.意思是“忘记做了某事”,指“做了某事而把它忘记了”.

8. as...as..“像……一样”,常用来表示比较、倍数或程度,在这个结构中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词,它的否定形式是not so...as...或not as...as...

9. have to 是“不得不”的意思,指由于受条件限制或他人制约做某事,有被动的含义,无主观愿望;must是“必须,一定”的意思,有主观愿望和感情色彩.

10.try sb.for a job 试用某人;try one’s best to do sth.竭尽所能做某事;try sb. for sth.因某事而审问某人.

Unit11

1.get some information about the town是“询问有关城镇的信息”的意思.

2.decide to do sth.意思是“决定去做某事”.

3.talk to sb意思是“找某人谈话”

4.“It is +形容词+动词不定式短语”是英语中的一个常用句式,句中的真正主语是动词不定式,it是形式主语。

5.in front of意思是“在……的前面”,指在某个范围之外.

6.in the front of 意思是“在……的前部”,指在某个范围之内.

7.have trouble doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”.

8.in trouble/get into trouble/get sb.intotrouble 表示“遇到困难,遇到麻烦”.

四.语法

Unit9

※被动语态

Ⅰ.被动语态的构成形式be+Vt.p.p.

(一).语态是英语动词的一种形式,是用于表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语语态分为主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)两种。

主动语态是表示主语是动作的执行者。如:1)Yesterday I parked my car outside the school.

被动语态是表示主语是动作的承受者。2)A sound of piano is heard in the hall.

(二)被动语态的基本时态变化

在被动语态的句子中,谓语部分的结构是be+Vtp.p.(及物动词过去分词)。其中be是变量,随时态的变化而变化;动词的过去分词是常量,永远不发生变化。当然,这只是指谓语部分而言。be动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词(being)和过去分词(been)。那么,下面我们来看看be在各种时态中的变化形式:被动语态通常为八种时态的被动形式。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:

1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时

2)has/have been done 现在完成时

3)am/is/are being done 现在进行时

4)was/were done一般过去时

5)had been done 过去完成时

6)was/were being done 过去进行时

7)shall/will be done 一般将来时

8)should/would be done 过去将来时

Ⅱ.一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态:

英语里被动语态的使用似乎比汉语要广泛。英语的被动语态常用在下列的场合:1)当我们不知道动作的执行者的时候,如:1.Look!There’s nothing here.Everything has been taken away.

2.My car has been moved!

2)当我们不必提出动作的执行者的时候,如:I was born in 1960.

3)当我们强调或侧重动作的承受者的时候,如:She is liked by everybody.

Ⅲ.特殊的被动结构

1)带情态动词的被动结构:它的固定句式为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。也有个别带to的情态动词例外,如:ought to 和have to,它们的被动结构就只能在不定式中。例如:The debt must bepaid off before next month那笔债务必须在下个月前付清。

2)带有两个宾语的主动语态变成被动语态

将这种主动态的句子完成被动态的句子,可选两个宾语中的任何一个作为被动态句子的主语,而将另一个宾语作为“保留宾语”写入被动态的句中。但有一点要说明,那就是,如果你选直接宾语作“主语”,有时要在被动态句子的“保留宾语”前加上合格的介词。因为这些动词常有两种句式,即:我们可以说give sb.sth.,send sb.sth.,buy sb.sth;我们也可以说give sth to sb,send sth to sb buy sth for sb。请看下面两种情况的对照:

She sent me a novel on my birthday.

I was sent a novel on my birthday.

A novel was sent to me on my birthday.

3)关于带有复合宾语的主动态变成被动态

如果将带有复合宾语(既:宾语+宾语补足语)的主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子,我们只能选择原来句子的宾语作被动语态句子的主语;而这时,原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动语态句子的“主语补足语”了。

The story made us laugh.(宾语补足语)

We were made to laugh by the story.(主语补足语)

4)在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。

Someone saw a stranger walk into thebuilding.

A stranger was seen to walk into thebuilding.

有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.

6)非谓语动词的被动语态。v+ing形式及不定式to do也有被动语态 (一般时态和完成时态)。例,I don’t like being laughed at inthe public.There are two more trees to be planted.

Unit10

过去完成时

一.过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。

二.过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。

He said he had been to Hainan before.他说他以前去过海南。

三.过去完成时“过去的过去”的表现形式。

1.可以用by,before等构成的短语来表示。 eg:

By the end of the match,they had kicked two goals.

直到比赛结束的时候为止,他们踢进了两个球。

We had reached the station before ten o’clock.

在十点钟以前,我们已经到达了车站。

2.也可以用when,before,after等引导的从句来表示。 eg:

When I got there,you had already startedplaying the match.

当我到那里时,你们已经开始比赛了。

Wang Lin had mended the radio before hisbrother returned.

王林在他弟弟回来以前就已经把收音机修好了。

3.通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。  eg:

He remembered that he had seen the book.他记得他曾读过这本书。

He said he had handed in his composition.他说他已经把作文上交了。

We did as he had told us.我们按他说的做。

.话题功能

Unit9

掌握“发明”技巧:

1.询问“……是什么时候被发明的?”用When was/were...invented?

2.当询问“……是被谁发明的?用Who was/were...invented by?

3.当询问“……发明是被用做……”用What is it/are they used for?

Unit10

掌握“打电话”技巧:

英语中打电话的说法多种多样:a.用telephone/phone表示. telephone/phonesb,telephone/phone to sb. b.用call表示.call sb,give a call to sb, call sb up.

c.用ring表示.ring up,give a ring, ring sb up.如果要询问对方是谁,常用“Who is that speaking? Who is that? May I ask who’s calling”等,但是不能问“Who are you?”.想让某人接电话时,常说“May I speak to...”.告诉对方自己是谁时,常用“This is ...speaking”.让对方稍等时用“Hold on for a moment,please./Just a moment,please./Hold the line,please.”询问对方是否需要转达时,常用“May I take a messagefor you?”

Unit11

掌握“询问”技巧:

1.当询问“需要、要求、希望等”时,用would like. would 是个情态动词,无人称和数的变化;当主语是人称代词时,常缩写为“d”.

2.当询问“种类”时,用what kind of.

3.当询问“尺寸”时,用what size

4.当询问“时间的长短”或“距离”时,用how long.

5.当询问“乘车路线”或“步行路线”时,用which bus或which is the way to.

6.当询问“住址”时,用“where或what’s...address?

7.当询问“电话号码”时,用what’s your phone number?

8.当询问“什么”时,用what.

9.当询问“价钱”时,用how much

.书面表达

要求:

列出提纲,写出关键词,可展开想象,适当发挥,语言流畅,表达正确,逻辑清晰,用词准确,句意通顺,80—100词左右。

提示:

所列提纲可以是短语或句子,所列关键词必须在文中出现。

 

Unit9

发明创造改变了世界,长大后你想当一名发明家吗?作为一名中学生你应该怎样做?请以“How to become an inventor”为题,写一篇短文。

 

Unit10

每个人都有不愉快的时候,当你遇到这种情况时,你应该怎么办?以“An unlucky day”为题,写一件自己经历过的事情。

 

Unit11

同学们,当你去一个陌生的地方,需要询问消息时,你一定用过礼貌的用语吧?那么英语的礼貌用语怎样表达呢?请以“Could you please tellme where the……?”写一篇作文。

 

 

 

英语人称代词及其用法

1.    his (物主代词)
2.her (物主代词)
3.Lucy's (所有格)
4.my (物主代词)
5.her parent (主语)
6.children my (复数、物主代词)
7.its (物主代词)
8.are (be 动词复数)
9.me (宾格)
10.Ann's our (所有格、物主代词)
人称代词:
一、人称代词的宾格有:me(我)、him(他)、her(她)、it(它)、us(我们)、you(你、你们)、them(他们、她们、它们)。
二、人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语,往往用在动词或介词后面。
例:1.Listen to me,Dad.
2.Peter is sitting behind me.
3.Let me got here now.
4.Give me an orange,please.
三、you既是"你"或"你们"的主格,又是它们的宾格;her既是"她"的所有格,又是它的宾格。我们可以根据它们在句子中的位置来判断它们属于主格、所有格还是宾格。
四、and是一个我们常用来连接两个词的连接词。它虽然与介词with有同样的意思,但它的前后可以是人称代词的主语,也可以是人称代词的宾格,而with只能跟人称代词的宾格。
如:You and I are going to school.
You are going to school with me.
五、人称代词的主格和宾格
单数形式:I-me,you-you,he-him,she-her,it-it(共5对)
复数形式:we-us,you-you,they-them(共3对)
六、人称代词在句中的作用
1)主格作主语。如:
I am Chinese.我是中国人。
2)宾格作宾语,放在及物动词或介词之后,有时还可以在口语中用作表语。如:
①I don't know her.我不认识她。(动词宾语)
②What's wrong with it?它怎么了?(介词宾语)
③-Open the door,please.
It's me.请开门,是我。(表语)
七、人称代词并列用法的排列顺序
1)单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:
第二人称->第三人称->第一人称
即:you and I;he/she/itandI;you,he/she/it and I
2)复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:
第一人称->第二人称->第三人称
即:we and you;you and they;we,you and they
为帮助同学们理解和掌握英语人称代词,请记住下面的口诀:
人称代词分主/宾,只有八对要区分。
你(们)、它主/宾同一形,其余主/宾须分清。
谓语之前主格填,动/介之后宾格跟,
口语运用最灵活,表语也可用宾格。
人称代词并列现,注意顺序礼貌见,
二一、三一、二三一,第一人称最谦虚,
若把错误责任担,第一人称须当先。

你问的题目还牵涉到物主代词的问题:
用来表示某人或某物属于\"谁的\"的代词叫做物主代词。 形容词性物主代词有:my(我的),your(你的、你们的),our(我们的),his(他的),her(她的),its(它的),their(他们 的)。 形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性,常放在名词前面作定语,表明该名词所表示的人或物是\"谁的\"。
1. 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,在句中只能用作定语,后面必须跟名词。例如:
Is that your bike? 那是你的自行车吗?
2. 如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词,就不能再用冠词(a, an, the)、指示代词(this,that, these, those)等修饰词了。例如:
这是他的书桌。
误:This is his a desk.
正:This is his desk.
3. 与形容词一起修饰名词时,形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。如:his English books他的英语书,their Chinese friends他们的中国朋友。
4. 汉语中经常会出现\"我妈妈\",\"你们老师\"等这样的语言现象,虽然代词用的是\"我\"、\"你们\",但实际意义仍是\"我的\"、\"你们的\",所以在英译时,注意要用形容词性物主代词\"my\",\"your\"。例如:
你妈妈在家吗?
误:Is you mother at home?
正:Is your mother at home?
5. it\'s与its读音相同,he\'s与his读音相似,但使用时需注意它们的区别(it\'s和he\'s分别是it is和he is的缩略形式,但its 和his 却是形容词性物主代词) 。例如:
It\'s a bird. Its name is Polly. 它是一只鸟。它的名字叫波利。
He\'s a student. His mother is a teacher. 他是一名学生。他妈妈是一位教师。

还有名词所有格的问题:
名词所有格的构成
表示有生命的东西的名词及某些表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的东西的名词后加 ’s来表示所有关系,叫做名词所有格。例如:men’s room 男厕所 // Chairman Mao’s works 毛主席著作 // a mile’s distance 一英里的距离 // astone’s throw 一步之遥 // the moon’s light 月光
但如果该名词是以-s或-es接尾,则只在该名词后加“’”来构成所有格。例如:3 hours’ walk 三小时的路程 //five minutes’ walk 五分钟路程 // two miles’ distance 两英里的距离
2. 用名词所有格表示处所
肉铺叫a butcher’s shop ,但通常略写为abutcher’s 。类似情况下的shop, house, office都可以省略:a tailor’s裁缝铺 // abarber’s理发店 // a doctor’s诊所 // my sister’s我姐姐的家 //stationer’s文具店 // Chaplin’s卓别林的家