cassandra 痤疮:透明国际发布贪腐印象指数：统一测量办法

透明国际发布了2011年全球贪污腐败印象指数（Corruption Perceptions Index，这玩意简称也叫“CPI”），作为目前世界上最可靠的国内、公共部门腐败指数测量标准，透明国际公布的最新数据显示，贪污腐败依旧是深深困扰着所有地球人。

This year, two thirds of countries covered by the index were given scores less than 5 - which means they are considered significantly corrupt.

2011年，榜单上三分之二的国家得分低于5分——这也就意味着它们正饱受贪污之苦。

The CPI scores countries on a scale of zero to 10, with zero indicating high levels of corruption and 10, low levels. And the most corrupt places in the world are not the most surprising. Unstable governments, often with a legacy of conflict, continue to dominate the bottom rungs of the CPI. Afghanistan and Myanmar share second to last place with a score of 1.5, with Somalia and North Korea - measured for the first time - coming in last with a score of 1.

分数在0分到10分间浮动，0分意味着贪污泛滥，10分则标明贪污程度很底。今年的全球腐败之王最终花落谁家到并不出人意料。那些深陷战火硝烟不可自拔的国家，政府治理能力非常脆弱，因此长期徘徊在贪腐印象指数榜的末端。阿富汗和缅甸都是1.5分，因此分享了倒数第二的排名，而索马里和朝鲜——这也是朝鲜第一次被统计在内——各自以1分的成绩登上了世界最腐败国家的“宝座”。

The world's most peaceful countries score the best. In the 2010 CPI, New Zealand is top with a score of 9.5, followed by Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Singapore.

世界上最平静的国家得分也最高。2010年的贪腐印象指数排行中，新西兰以9.5分排名最高，丹麦、芬兰和瑞典、新加坡紧随其后。

Four countries and territories besides North Korea are included for the first time: the Bahamas, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, and Suriname.

除了朝鲜之外，还有四个国家或地区首次被纳入统计范围：巴哈马（Bahamas，全称巴哈马联邦，地处大西洋，1973年独立，首都拿骚，Nassau，《007大战皇家赌场》中的场景之一）、圣卢西亚（St Lucia位于东加勒比海，1979年独立，为英联邦成员，首都卡斯特里）、圣文森特和格林纳丁斯（St Vincent and Grenadines，加勒比海岛国，1979年独立，英联邦成员，首都金斯顿）和苏里南（Suriname，位于南美洲北部，1975年独立，首都帕拉马里博，官方语言为荷兰语）。

Transparency International (TI) chair Huguette Labelle says corruption remains a major global issue, highlighted by widespread demonstrations in 2011: "This year we have seen corruption on protestor's banners be they rich or poor. Whether in a Europe hit by debt crisis or an Arab world starting a new political era, leaders must head the demands for better government."

透明国际主席拉贝勒表示，2011年的贪腐情况分布情况显示了腐败依旧是全球面临的主要问题。“今年我们看到，富裕和贫穷已经不是人们走上街头反对腐败的主要驱动力了。无论是饱受债务危机折磨的欧洲，还是政权更迭的份阿拉伯世界，领导人们必须谨记，政府必须朝着清正廉洁的方向发展。”

Wealth seems no easy antidote to corruption: some relatively rich countries, including Russia, fall at the bottom of the global league table. Meanwhile, some of the world's poorer states do comparatively well: Botswana, Bhutan, Cape Verde, and Rwanda all appear among the 50 "cleanest" countries.

国家富裕似乎并不能环节腐败：一些相对富裕的国家，如俄罗斯，在所有国家排名中的排名很低（143，榜上一共有182个国家）。但是一些较为贫穷的国家却表现不错，比方说博茨瓦纳（Botswana，地处非洲，首都哈博罗内，艾滋病、结合病是困扰该国发展的首要问题），不丹（Bhutan，首都廷布，与中印接壤，现代化程度较低，据称1999年才引进了电视），佛得角（Cape Verde，位于非洲，首都普拉亚，农业为主，工业基础薄弱）和卢旺达（Rwanda，地处非州，首都基加利，94年发生了震惊世界的种族屠杀，联合国确定的最不发达国家之一），这四个都排名在前50名之内。

While the index has been published annually since 1995, TI warns against comparing scores over time, as sources for the index change each year. However, the Berlin-based NGO notes that two general trends pop out regardless: Arab Spring countries, and many Eurozone countries – particularly those affected by the financial crisis – are doing worse and worse.

从1995年开始，该数据每年发布一次。透明国际表示，单纯比较分数变化是不全面的，但是，这家总部位于柏林的非政府组织注意到了一个大致的趋势：“阿拉伯之春”中的国家，以及饱受金融危机影响的欧洲国家，清廉度每况愈下。

Most Arab Spring countries rank in the lower half of the index, with scores below 4. Many of the lowest-scoring European countries are those hardest hit by the financial and debt crises – including Greece and Italy.

“阿拉伯之春”中的大多数国家都在指数中排名较低，分数都在4分以下。而手金融危机影响最严重的欧洲国家分数也都相当低，其中就有希腊和意大利。

The UK ranks 16th, along with Austria and the Barbados, and just ahead of Belgium and Ireland. The US ranks 24th.

英国和巴巴多斯（Barbados，位于加勒比海以东，1966年独立，英联邦成员，首都布里奇顿）、奥地利共同排名第16，比利时和爱尔兰紧随其后。美国排名第24。

The Index, which is closely watched by investors, economists, and civil society campaigners, is based on expert assessments and data from 17 surveys from 13 independent institutions, covering issues such as access to information, bribery of public officials, kickbacks in public procurement, and the enforcement of anti-corruption laws. While critics note that measuring perceptions of corruption is not the same as measuring corruption itself, the latter is almost impossible to do - as the corrupt are usually keen to cover up their tracks, hard data on graft and bribery is notoriously difficult to come by.

有13个独立组织为透明国际提供了17份调查报告，其内容涵盖了政府信息公开度、公共服务部门的受贿情况、政府投资的回扣情况以及反腐败法律的执行情况等。贪腐印象指数是通过对这些数据的专业评估分析后得出的结论。该指数每每受到投资人、经济学家和社会活动人士的关注。但是，批评人士注意到，贪腐印象指数的计算和贪腐本身的测量并不是一回事。可以说，直接测量贪腐程度是不可能的——因为贪腐行为往往很狡猾，难以追索，想得到确凿的行贿受贿数据也无异于大海捞针。

We've got the full data below. What can you do with it?

这里附上了具体的排名情况，你怎么看待他们呢？（排名表请参看原文）