我与地坛教案ppt:玛格丽特的人生报告

Sometimes I feel I have not lived one life, but many different ones within a 79 year lifespan so far.   Having known several different historic moments in different geographic locations, within different social and political contexts, I have a sense of fragmentation, yet there is an ongoing, uninterrupted thread that characterizes my life and links it to the wider human experience.

我有时候觉得自己过了很多个人生，不是一个。过去七十九年里，我分别在不同的社会政治背景下，不同的地方见证过若干历史性时刻，搞得自己有种分裂感，然而生活中始终如一地贯穿着某种东西，同时它还充当桥梁的作用，使我的个人体验与人类体验紧密结合。

I grew up in Strasbourg, Alsace in a family with modest means.  My parents were apolitical, stressed their religious values and emphasized education for their children.  Still, outside forces that controlled my family’s life determined to a great extent our limitations, possibilities, and eventually my own outlook on life.

我在法国东北部的斯特拉斯堡长大，家境普通，父母亲不关心政治，严守宗教信仰，非常重视对子女的教育。尽管如此保守，外部力量还是打破局限，极大地扩展了我们的可能性，最终也极大地扩展了我对人生的看法。

At the onset of WW2, from 1939-40, we were refugees in southern France, fleeing from the German invasion, and living there in extreme scarcity.  From 1940-45 we lived the oppression and state control of the Nazi regime in occupied Alsace.  In my early childhood I therefore learned the existence of want, of insecurity, of lack of freedom.  Despite my parents’ care and love for their children, I discovered their vulnerability and insecurity, their actual inability to protect me and my siblings.  Yet through both my fears and yet the love of my tight knit family, I discovered both my own vulnerability and potential strength.

二战刚开始的1939年，我们全家为躲避纳粹德军逃到法国南部，过了一年物资极度匮乏的难民生活，接下来在被纳粹占领的阿尔萨斯地区度过了五年高压生活。因此很小的时候我就知道，这世上自由不足，却有贫困和不安全感。虽然照顾我们，爱我们的是父母，我却看到他们的脆弱与不安全感，要保护我们兄妹几个其实有心无力。我对这个紧紧捆绑的家庭充满爱和恐惧，正是从这复杂的情感中我认识到自己的脆弱与潜在的力量。

Years later, following my basic education and earning a teaching degree in liberated French Alsace, I went as a very young woman, idealistic and very na?ve to Algeria in 1955 to be in charge of a girls’ school in the remote mountains of Kabylia.  The Algerian independence war was spreading and soon reached our village, and I fled to Algiers but remained in the country, fascinated by its world.  I lived through many ups and downs, fears, stresses, and also wonderful moments of common humanity during the seven year war that ended in 1962.  I learned that absolute truth is evasive, that there are many angles from which to approach events and ultimately ideas, and I became acutely aware of the relativity of things.

又过了若干年，我完成了基础教育，在已经解放的阿尔萨斯拿到教师学位，那时侯还很年轻，是个天真的理想主义者，就在1955年去了阿尔及利亚接管一所女校，具体地点在卡比利亚的偏僻山区。阿尔及利亚独立战争爆发后，战火很快烧到村里，我逃到首都阿尔及尔，对这个国家深深的迷恋让我没有选择继续逃亡。期间我经历了许多坎坷、恐惧、压力，当然还有闪耀着人性之光的美妙时刻，七年的交战终于在1962年结束了。这时候的我领悟到看待事物的角度有多种多样，绝对的真理并不存在，开始强烈感知到事物的相对性。

In 1965, I came to the US as an exchange professor, taught for many years at a small Midwestern college, while helping raise my three children with my husband before the breakup of our marriage and his untimely death.  A difficult period ensued, of introspection, soul-searching, doubt, dejection, and a struggle to regain a balance that required a new strength I thought I didn’t possess, and yet eventually discovered.  As for my children, they taught me that a parent should be foremost a listener, a quality I was lacking in many instances.  I faced the sometimes difficult challenge of parenting in a cultural context different from my own, while learning along with my children, discovering the opportunities available to them, and delighting in their blossoming, maturation and independence.  I eventually pursued my own studies in linguistics, a subject that fascinated me by the potential it offered to gain a better understanding of the nature of language, the relationship between language and culture, and my own multilingual background. Eventually, I earned a Ph.D. in linguistics close to the age of 50, a self imposed deadline.

1965年，我以交换教师的身份来到美国，在位于中北部的一家小规模学院教了很多年书，期间和丈夫一同抚养三个孩子，直到我们的婚姻破裂，之后他早早过世了。艰难接踵而来，我内省、怀疑、灰心，挣扎着想重获平衡，这些都需要全新的力量，从前的我认为自己并不具备这种力量，而它们最终被发掘了出来。关于我的孩子们我想说，是他们教给我为人父母应首先学会倾听，这种品质我很多时候都不具备。每当我同孩子们一同学习，发现未来向他们展开无数的可能性，对他们的开花结果、独立自主感到由衷欣慰的同时，关于如何在迥异的文化背景下养育他们也是我这个妈妈不时面临的一项严峻挑战。最终我选了迷人的语言学作为研究方向，它可以让我更好地理解语言的本质、语言与文化的关系，以及自身的多语言背景等等。我给自己定的上限是五十岁，后来终于在逼近五十的当口拿到了语言学博士学位。

I should add that there has been an additional dimension to my life that has had its impact, the matter of language.  I don’t have a language of my own, though I am fluent in several languages.  Despite that very practical advantage, I have envied monolingual individuals who can reach the depth of their unique language and touch its soul.  In my early childhood I spoke Alsatian in the family context, an Alemannic dialect close to Swiss German.  I learned standard German in school during the Nazi occupation as well as in church, and eventually French, which became my dominant language.  As for my children and grandchildren, their main language is English, of course, though they have a keen interest in other languages as well.  Those languages along with a few others to which I have been exposed, imparted different worldviews, and added to the multiple dimensions of my life.

说到这儿我补充一点，还有一个东西对我的生活有重大影响，那就是语言。我没有自己的母语，但可以流利地说几门语言，虽说这是挺实用的一项优势，我还是更羡慕那些只说一种语言的人，他们可以深得这门语言的精髓，运用起来游刃有余。小时候在家庭的熏染下我说的是阿尔萨斯语，是阿勒曼尼语的一种方言，与瑞士德语近似。上学的时候在纳粹的占领下学的是标准德语，在教会也学德语，后来又学法语，最终法语成为我的第一语言。我的子女和孙辈主要说英语，这不用说，尽管他们对其他语种同样深感兴趣。不光是语言，我身上其余方面都透出不同的世界观，增加了人生的多维性。

Now, what have I learned through all this?  Despite appearances, real choices are few in life for most, and circumstances beyond our control may determine our options, if any.  Still, there is our inherent aptitude for adaptation, for creating new possibilities within what seem, at times, impossible situations, and that is an incredible force we can claim for ourselves and use constructively and creatively.

现在来总结一下，经历了这么多我都学到了什么？不受主观控制的外部境遇可以影响到个体的自主选择权，对我们大多数人来说，真正意义上的选择寥寥无几。不过反过来说，我们都有与生俱来的适应性，时不时在看似不可能的情况下创造点可能性出来，这是生为人类值得标榜的神奇力量，可以富有创造性建设性地加以运用。

Over the years, I have become a different person, essentially in flux, always open to new discoveries and insights.  I have learned to see the relativity of things, to abhor war, and dogmatism in any form.  I discovered that everything you were sure is right could be wrong in another place.  As far as my beliefs are concerned, I have long ceased to take things for granted.  I have evolved from moral certainty to existential doubt; it was a painful journey at times, yet also incredibly liberating.  From sectarian beliefs I have come to espouse what might be called ethical humanism, though I don’t like labels, words that imprison.  Within the horrors of the wars I have witnessed, I encountered people on all sides, worthy of respect, full of humanity.  So I don’t despair for the future though it may seem bleak at times.

这么多年我变了很多，从本质上来说是一直在动荡中前进，永远都对新发现和新见解敞开怀抱。我学会了以辩证的角度看待事物，学会了憎恶战争和任何形式的独断专行。我发现每一样自信正确的事物放到另一环境下可能就变成错误。说到信仰问题，我已经很久没信奉什么了，从笃定的拥护者变成了怀疑论者，有时候这种转化是很痛苦的过程，不过更有一种释放的快感。与宗教派别的信奉相比，我信奉的东西如果非要安上名字，你可以叫它“伦理人道主义”，虽然我不喜用标签和文字来加以约束。对战争极其厌恶，却在其中遇到许多值得尊敬的人，他们立场不同背景各异，却都充满了人道。因此我从不对未来绝望，虽然有时候未来看着也挺荒凉的。

An ongoing curiosity has been a leading thread throughout my life.  I thus have taken risks, while asserting my independence, irrespective of what might have been reasonable.  Yet it enabled me to discover new worlds, new ideas, and at times, breathtaking beauty, unexpected human warmth and solace.  I have always been driven to pursue interests that stimulate my mind and enjoy doing so at present.  I am convinced, however, that what is ultimately most important is how we relate to one another; how we can be more supportive and help each other live a kinder, fuller, more loving humane life.  I have not always succeeded in that, far from it, being impatient to follow my insatiable curiosity and personal drives.  Nearing the age of 80, I am still trying to work at it.

要说什么东西在我的人生贯穿始终，好奇心。所以我犯过险。我无视所谓的合理性，我行我素地犯过险。不过好奇心也让我可以发现新的天地，新的思想，还时不时发现惊人的美丽，来自他人不期然的温暖与慰藉。另外我一直保持对各种兴趣点的追求，到现在仍乐此不疲。同时坚信如何与他人共处才是最根本最重要的，怎么样互帮互助，让彼此过上更和善、更饱满、更可爱的人性化生活。在这方面我做得并不完美，差远了，要追随永不满足的好奇心加个人动力，我会有不耐烦的时候。现在快八十了，还较着劲呢，想不断完善。

Though I have had a long teaching career, giving grades has never been my forte, and so I will not attempt to evaluate my life with just an abstract letter grade.  There are intangibles one feels rather than sums up; my life has been a long, winding thread, a yet uninterrupted sentence, somber, clear, and sparkling at times.

当了那么久老师，打分一直不是我的长项，所以就不拿抽象的ABC来给我的人生打分了。比所谓的总结更实在的是一些无形的感触吧。我整个的人生就是一条迂回的长线，一条连贯的句子，有时阴沉，有时清朗，有时火光四溅。