2010年中考英语复习资料词汇辨析3

来源：精品学习网 文章作者：—— 2010-03-31 18:08:16

　　81. real, true
　　real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story
　　82. respectful, respectable
　　respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged
　　83. outwards, outward
　　二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词 an outward voyage
　　84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
　　pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，
　　pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
　　85. understanding, understandable
　　understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的
　　an understanding girl, an understandable mistake
　　86. close, closely
　　close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close
　　87. ill, sick
　　ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy
　　88. good, well
　　good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.
　　89. quiet, silent, still
　　quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响 He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。
　　90. hard, hardly
　　hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.
　　91. able, capable
　　able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用 He is capable of doing…
　　92. almost, nearly
　　二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody
　　93. late, lately
　　late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.
　　94. living, alive, live, lively
　　living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the living people=all the people alive
　　95. excited, exciting
　　excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.
　　96. deep, deeply
　　deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
　　97. aloud, loud
　　aloud出声地，loud大声地 read aloud(出声地读)
　　98. worth, worthy
　　二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done
　　It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.
　　99. bad, badly
　　bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为"很，非常" go bad
　　I need the book badly.
　　100. before long, long before
　　before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long
　　101. quite, rather
　　quite完全地，相当于completely, rather修饰比较级 quite impossible
　　102. happy, glad
　　happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语 a happy girl
　　103. instead, instead of
　　instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中
　　He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV.  He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
　　104. too much, much too
　　too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy
　　105. be about to, be going to, be to do
　　be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，
　　be to do侧重意志，计划，安排I'm to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)
　　106. raise, rise
　　raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.
　　107. bring, take, carry, fetch
　　bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk
　　108. spend, take, pay, cost
　　spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间;
　　pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱
　　109. join, join in, take part in
　　join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；
　　take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.
　　110. learn, study
　　learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究
　　study the problem
　　111. want, hope, wish
　　want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.
　　112. discover, invent, find out
　　discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，
　　find out发现，查明 At last he found out the truth.
　　113. answer, reply
　　answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letter
　　114. leave, leave for
　　leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.
　　115. rob, steal
　　rob抢劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb.
　　116. shoot, shoot at
　　shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.
　　117. drop, fall
　　drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.
　　118. search, search for
　　search后接地点，search for后接东西 He searched his pocket for money.
　　119. used to, be used to
　　used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.
　　120. win, lose, beat
　　win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them