中财网太后成长记事txt百度云:2011届高考英语一轮复习讲解：情景交际
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【知识要点】
对情景交际的考查是英语高考中的一种潮流。它的目的主要在于考查考生对英语知识的理解及应用，从而检测出考生对英语的驾驭能力。
国家高中英语新课标列出了11个方面共66个功能意念项目以及24个话题项目。下面是最常用的一些情景交际语境。
1.Introduction(介绍)
—This is Mr Smith.
—Nice/Glad/Pleased to meet you.
—How are you doing?
—Very well,thank you.
—Thank you very much.
—It’
—I’m sorry for losing your radio.
—That’s OK./It’s all rig
—Would you like to have a cup of coffee?
—Thank you./No, thank you.
—Would/Do you mind my smoking here?
—Of course,you can./Go ahead,please.
I’m sorry,it’s not allowed./I’m afraid not.
—I’m going to have an English Exam.
—Good luck!
—I have just won the first prize in the maths competition.
—Congratulations!
—Shall I help you with that?
—Yes,please./Yes,thanks.
No,thanks./Thank you all the same.
—Let’s make it at 5:30.
—All right.See you then.
—Hello! May I speak to Tom?/Is that Tom speaking?
—Just a moment, please./Sorry. He isn’t in just now. /Hold the line, please. /Hello. This is Mary speaking.
—Would you like something to eat/drink?
—Yes,I’d like a drink./I’d like rice and chicken.
No,thank you.I’ve had enough.
—What’s
—I’m not quite myself./I feel terrible(bad,horrible...).
I have a headache./There is something wrong with....
—What can I do for you?/May I help you?
—I want/I’d like a pair of sports shoes.
—Excuse me.Where is the post office?/Excuse me.Which is the way to the post office?/Can(Could) you tell me the way to the post office?/How can I get to the post office?
—It’s over there./Go down this street until you see the tall red building.You can’t miss it./You can take bus No.23./Turn left at the first crossing./Sorry,I don’t know.I’m a stranger here.
—What’s the weather like today?/How is the weather today?
—It’s nice/fine/sunny/cloudy/rainy/snowy/foggy.[ 16.Sympathy(同情)
—My m
—I’m sorry to hear that.
—How often do you go to movies?
—Once a week.
—You speak excellent English.
—Thank you.
典题链接
英语是一种交流工具。为考查考生的能力，交际用语在高考中一直有所体现。高考对日常用语的考查范围主要集中在以下5个方面：
1.请求许可与回答：
—May I turn down the radio a bit?
—______, if you insist.
A. No
B. My pleasure
C. All right
D. That’s right
本题选C项。上文在征询意见，请求许可。下文尽管有点不乐意，还是同意了。All right, OK都可以。如果没有if you insist,可以爽快地说Go ahead/Yes, of course.
—Do you mind my smoking here?
—______.
A. No, please don’t
B. I don’t want you to
C. I’m afraid I don’t
D. I’d rather you didn’t
本题选D项，用I’
2.请求帮助、提供帮助、接受帮助或拒绝帮助
—Would you do me a favor of posting this letter?
—_______.
A.
B. No trouble
C. Yes, that’s right[ D. With pleasure
本题选D项。With pleasure是I’ll do that with pleasure.（我很乐意）的省略。而A项是你帮过忙，别人致谢时，你的回答。我很荣幸。
—Let me carry the bag for you, professor.
—Thank you.______.
A. Go ahead
B. Here you are
C. I can manage
D. Take it
本题选C项。I can manage(it).我自己能行；A项go ahead 前面说过，是别人请求许可时的爽快回答；B项意思是给你；D项是叫别人收下什么时说的。
—Sir, can I ask a favor?
—______
A. I’m sorry, but what?
B. Sure, what is it?
C. Yes, you could.
D. I’d love to.
本题选B项。先同意，然后问是什么。C项对别人应该说Yes, you can.有求于人时才用委婉的could;而D项与上文不符。
3.就餐场合
—How do you want the beef?
—_______.
A. Small
B. Thin
C. Hot
D. Medium
本题选D项。上文问的是牛肉要几成熟？只有D项Medium(七八成熟，不老不嫩）是正确的回答。当然还有rare(嫩一点)或Well-done(老一点)。
—Can I help you, sir?
—______.
A. Yes, you ca
B. No, I don’t need any help
C. Of course, if you like
D. No, thanks, I’m being served
本题选D项。对话发生在餐馆。服务员问：先生要点些什么食物？顾客回答：不，我已经点过了。选项A和C人称用错；选项B语气不委婉；I’m being served. 已经点过，只是点的东西还没上来。故选D。 4.问路
—It’s several blocks away. Let me draw you a ma
—_______.
A. Tha
B. Oh, I would really appreciate that
C. That’ll be OK
D. Oh, you don’t have to
本题选B项。就上下文来说B项最合适，A、C两项略显冷淡了点，对于帮了大忙的人，光Thanks和OK不足以表达感谢之情。
—______.
—Oh, look at my poor sense of direction.
A. Let me help you
B. This way, please
C. Here it is
D. No hurry
本题选B项。这是发生在路上的对话。根据下文“看我这方向感！”，可知走错路了。所以上文应该是“这边请！”
5.祝贺和祝愿
—Happy Father’s Day, Dad!
—______.
A. You are welcome
B. That’s all right
C. Thank you
D. The same to you
本题选C项。子女对父亲说：父亲节快乐。父亲回答：谢谢。或It’s nice of you to say so.真是好孩子！
—Have a sweet dream, Honey!
—______.
A. Thanks, anyway
B. I will
C. All right
D. You too 本题选D项。晚上父母把孩子送上床，然后说：做个好梦。回答：你也是。在其他相互祝愿的情况下You too 都可用。如在party上:—Enjoy yourself!—You too.碰到熟人:—Have a nice day.—You too.过年过节：—Have a happy new year!—You too.而A项是别人帮你的忙没帮上时说的话，“不管怎么说，还是要谢谢你。”
【考点诠释】
英语交际型试题主要考查考生对英语知识的理解和应用能力，考查考生对中西方文化差异的掌握情况及对英语的使用和驾驭能力。在高考英语试题中，交际用语的考查点相对集中。主要考查社会交往中的一些日常交际用语。考查的方式以应答为主，提问为辅；以跨文化交际中差异明显的交际项目为重点考查对象。命题方式有以下几种。
考点1 习惯应答类
许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语；感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。对于这类题目，我们要遵循他们的习惯进行回答。如：
1．常用于感谢的应答用语有：You are welcome．/Don’t mention it．/It is my pleasure(My pleasure)．/Not at a11．/That’s all right．/I’m glad(happy)that…/I’m glad you like(enjoy)it．
2．常用于道歉的应答用语有：Never mind．/It doesn’t matter．/Not at a11．/That’s all right．/That is nothing．
3．常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有：Good luck!/Best wishes to you．/Have a nice time．/Wish you a pleasant journey．/Congratulations!/Merry Christmas!/Happy birthday to you．而应答用语有：Thank you．/The same to you．/You too．
4．接受请求和邀请的应答用语有：With pleasure．/I’d be happy(glad)to．/Yes，help yourself．/No problem．/Good idea/Sounds good/Why not?拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：Sorry，but…/I’d rather you…/Thank you，but…/No way!/Forget it
5．其他场景习惯应答用语考生也应注意。问候的应答用语
有：How do you do．/Fine，thank you．介绍的应答用语有：Very glad(pleased)to see you．接电话的习惯用语有：This is Li Ming speaking．道别的习惯用语有：Bye．/So long．/See you later．服务人员的应答用语有：Yes，Sir．/Yes，Madame．/Take your time．
考点2 破
汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。我们要力求用英语思维，避免母语交际定势的干扰，要根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答。如：当中国人听到对方夸奖或赞美自己时，习惯上要说些表示谦虚的话；而英美人则不同，他们总是先接受对方的夸奖，再表示谢意。如：
一You’ve given us a wonderful Chinese dinner，Mrs．Wang．王太太，您给我们提供了一顿极好的中式晚餐。
I’m glad you enjoyed it．我很高兴你们喜欢。
典例：——Thank you very much for the gifts you sent me.
——_________.
A. No thanks
B. I’m glad you like it
C. Please don’t say so
D. No, it
考点3 语言结构类
这类题要求考生根据对话情景和所掌握的正确语言结构来做出选择。以习惯用法和变异句(如省略句)居多。如当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时，可以说：Yes，I think(suppose，believe)SO．/Yes，I’m'afraid SO．对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度，则说：No，I don’t think(suppose) so．/No，I don’t believe so．/No，I believe(suppose)not．/No，I hope not．/No，I am afraid not．“Do you mind…?”常用于表示请求对方允许。如果同意，则用“No，go ahead．/No，of course not．/No，not at a11．”等来回答；如果不同意，可用“I’m sorry I do．”来回答。
考点4 情景用语类
根据不同的交际情景，说话者会采用不同的交际用语来表达自己的态度和情感。如表示不肯定或没把握，人们会说：I am afraid that…/It depends．表示不耐烦和催促的用语有：
Well，well．/Come on．/Hurry up!表示惊奇和有把握的用语有：No wonder…/No doubt…如：
一What do you want to do next?We have half an hour until the basketball game．接下来你准备做什么?在篮球赛之前我们还有半小时。
一It’s up to you．Whatever you want to do is fine with me．这取决于你。你想做什么我都同意。
【高考链接】
1.(2010
-----______. I like ball games, so I believe it will be to learn baseball.
A. Sometimes B. Not really C. Never mind D. That’s cool
【答案】B
【解析】考查交际用语。not really 说明自己没打过棒球，与后面的“我认为学打棒球很有趣”相吻合。
2.(2010高考英语重庆卷,26)----Honey, let’s go out for dinner.
-----_
A. Forgot it! B. That’s great! C. Why? D. Go ahead.
3.(2010高考英语浙江卷,18)—According to my grandma, it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold.
—_______, scientists agree with her.
A. Sooner or later B. Once in a while
C. To be exact D. Believe it or not
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语辨析。——根据我奶奶的看法，感冒时最好喝鸡汤。——确实如此，科学家也这么认为的。此处Believe it or not表示“信不信由你，确实”的含义，符合语境。sooner or later表示“迟早”；once in a while表示“时不时，偶尔，间或”；to be exact表示“确切地说”。
4.(2010高考英语浙江卷,13)—Would she mind playing against her former teammates?
—______ She is willing to play against any tough players.
A．I think so. B．I’m not surprised.
C．Of co
5.(2010高考英语天津卷,7)Professor Johnson, I’m afraid I can’t finish the report within this week.
______ How about next week?
A. Good for you B. It won’t bother me C. Not at all D. That’s OK
【答案】 D
【解析】考察交际用语。A项意为对你有好处；B项意为它不会让我感到烦恼；C项意为不客气；D项意为可以，那好吧。句意为：“约翰逊教授，恐怕我不能在本周内完成报告。好吧，下周如何？”
6.(2010高考英语天津卷,2)—Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?
—Sure. ______ ?
A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want
【答案】C
【解析】考查交际用语。句意为“打扰你了，你能帮我个忙吗？当然。什么事情？”，A项意为中国式英语；B项意为“这是什么”；C项意为“到底是什么”；D项意为“你想要什么”。
7.(2010高考英语四川卷,13)一I’m sorry．That wasn’t of much help．
一Oh，______ ．As a matter of fact，it was most helpful．
A．sure it was B．it doesn’t matter
C．of course not D．thanks anyway
8.(2010高考英语四川卷,1)—Here’s your change.
——______
A. Thank you. B. Don’t mention it.
C. No problem D. With pleasure.
【答案】A
【解析】考查日常用语。句意为：“这是找你的零钱。”“谢谢”。A符合语境。B用于回答道谢或道谦；C、D用于回答求助。9.(2010高考英语陕西卷,25)——What a fine day! Shall we go picnicking?
——______ . But we need to be home before six o’clock for the football match. A. Have a nice time. B. Pardon me
C. That’s great D. You are right
【答案】C
【解析】考查交际用语。从后面的转折“但我们需要在六点前赶回家看足球赛”可知，答话人已经同意接受对方的邀请。C项“好极了”符合语境。A项“祝你玩得开心”，表示祝愿；B项“原谅我”在请求对方原谅时用；D项”你说得对”表示同意对方的看法。
10.(2010高考英语陕西卷,13)–What’s the noise? It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.
—______ .It must be the window-cleaner working next door.
A. I’m not sure B. I hope not C. I’d rather not D. I don’t think so
11.(2010高考英语山东卷,34)— Her father is very rich.
—______ She wouldn’t accept his help even if it were offered.
A. What for? B. So what? C. No doubt. D. No wonder.
【答案】 B
【解析】考查交际英语在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“---她父亲非常富裕。---那又怎么样？即使主动给她帮助，她也不会接受的。”表示“那又怎么样？”用So what? 。What for？表示“为了什么？”；No doubt 表示“毫无疑问”；No wonder 表示“毫不奇怪”。
12.(2010高考英语山东卷,21)—Do you think you could do without help?
—_______ _. This is not the first time for me.
A. Take care B. Hurry up C. Not exactly D. Don’t worry
【答案】 D
【解析】本题考查交际用语的使用。根据后置语境This is not the first time for me可知，答语应表示“没问题，别担心”之意，所以D项符合语境。
13.(2010高考英语辽宁卷,21)—I’ll do the washing-up. Jack, would you please do the floors?
—_______.
A．Yes, please B．No, I don’t C. Yes, sure D. No, not at all
【答案】C
【解析】考查交际英语。第一个人说，“我来洗餐具。杰克，你来拖地板，好吗?”答语为“当然可以”。根据语境选C项。
14.(2010高考英语江西卷,21)— Do you enjoy your present job?
—______ _. I just do it for a living.
A Of course B Not really C Not likely D Not a little
【答案】B
15.(2010高考英语江苏卷,27)----Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?
----______.Ours is much stronger than theirs.
A. Of course B. It depends C. Don’t mention it D. By no me ans
【答案】D
【解析】考察交际用语。根据答语的后—句可知答话认为我们的乒乓球队比他们的更强，所以他们的乒乓球队绝不可能在即将到来的亚运会上获得第一名，by no means表示“绝不”。C项用来回答别人的感谢，意为“不客气”。
16.(2010高考英语大纲全国I卷,35)— Was he sorry for what he’d done?
—______.
A. No wonder B. Well done C. Not really D. Go ahead
【答案】 C
【解析】考查交际用语。“他对自己的所作所为后悔吗?”：“不太后悔。”not really表示否定，语气较弱，符合语境。no wonder一难怪，“怪不得”；well done“做得不错”；go ahead“继续，接着”，均不符合语境。因此答案为C。
17.(2010高考英语大纲全国I卷,31)一Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, mum?
— ______ Wait till you are old enough, dear.
A. will you? B. Why not? C. I hope so. D. I’m afraid not.
【答案】D
【解析】考查交际用语。根据空后的答语“Wait till you are old enough，d
18.(2010高考英语大纲全国II卷,18)–Can I help you? Are you looking for anything in particular today？
----______ _， we’re just looking.
A. Yes，please B. No, thank you C. Yes ， you can D. No, you needn’t
【答案】B
【解析】情景交际考查。句意为：“需要我帮忙吗？你需要点什么特别的东西吗？”“不，谢了。我们只是看看而已。”这是发生在商店里的售货员和顾客之间的对话，这一点从we are just looking可以看出来。虽然不需要帮助，拒绝的时候也要委婉礼貌。而且要符合逻辑。选B。
19.(2010高考英语安徽卷,35)一____________?
——That would be great! Please drop me off at the library．
A．Could you bring me the bill
B．Would you like me to give you a lift
C．Could you tell me the postcode for ParisD．Would you like to have my e-mail address
20.(2010高考英语安徽卷,24)一Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program?
一______ ，does it?
A. It takes no time B. It counts for nothing
C．It doesn’t hurt to ask D．It doesn’t，t make sense