中财网腿上长了很多小红包痒:小学英语语法知识
来源：百度文库 编辑：中财网 时间：2024/05/09 15:33:13
1、序数词
序数词的构成是在以之相对应的基数词词尾加th，个别例外：
◆one – first two—second three—third
five—fifth eight—eighth nine—ninth
twelve – twelfth
◆ 以ty结尾的，先变y为i，加th
forty—fortieth
◆ 缩写形式
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 22nd 31st
2、规则动词的过去时词尾变化
◆ 一般情况下加ed
◆ 以不发音的e结尾的加d
◆ 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i，加ed。
3、 规则动词过去时的发音规则
◆ 在浊辅音、元音后读[ d ]，如lived，listened
◆ 在清辅音后读[ t ]，如 liked， helped，watched
◆ 在[ t ] [ d ] 音后读[ Id ]， 如 planted
三、按要求改写句子：
1. 一般疑问句
a．be动词（is, am, are, was, were）提前。
I was in England last month.
We are having an English lesson.
He is eating some nice food.
b．can提前
Lucy can do some Chinese dances.
c．行为动词
一般现在时：把助动词do，does置于句首。(动词改为原形)
My mother lives in a small town.
一般过去式：把助动词did置于句首。(动词改为原形)
Liu Tao drank some juice last night.
2.否定句
a．祈使句，把don’t放在动词之前。
Close the door, please.
b．句子中含有be动词或can
is—isn’t are—aren’t am—am not
was—wasn’t were—weren’t can—can’t
There are some dolls on the bed.
She can make a birthday card.
c．行为动词
一般现在时：主语后加don’t, doesn’t (动词改为原形)
He works on Saturday.
She has some beautiful flower.
一般过去式：主语后加didn’t (动词改为原形)
We did some Chinese dances yesterday.
3.划线部分提问
用特殊疑问词代替划线部分的内容。
常用的特殊疑问词：who, whose, how, how many, how much,
how old, when, which, what, what color, what time, what day,
what date, what shape, where.
1. Miss Zhang is our English teacher.
2. The blue comb is her mother’s.
3. My mother is ok today.
4. There are three computer rooms in our school.
5. The apples are two yuan.
6. He’s twelve years old.
7. My birthday is on the first of December.
8. The boy in white is my brother.
9. I can see a clock and a desk in the picture.
10. His trousers are black.
11. It’s five o’clock in the afternoon.
12. It’s Tuesday today.
13. It’s the tenth of March.
14. The sun is a circle.
15. I was in England last month
二、单词的复数形式
1 名词的复数
一般直接加S： apples doctors forks
单词以x, s , ch, , 结尾的 :boxes, glasses, buses, watches，waitresses
辅音+Y结尾的变y为i再加es : strawberries, libraries
元音+Y结尾的加s
词尾为f, fe,一般变f为v加s :
knife---knives
一些特殊的形式：man—men, woman-women, foot---feet,
child—children
2 、代词的复数
*指示代词 this(这)—these(这些-this 的复数)
that(那)—those(那些-that 的复数)
*人称代词
第一人称： I—we
第二人称： you—you
第三人称：he, she, it—they
*物主代词 my—our | your—your | his, her, its—their
附表格：
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称代词主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
中文意思
我
你
他
她
它
我们
你们
他们
形容词性
物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
中文意思
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
3
be动词
am, is—are
三、句型
本册主要出现的疑问词
who
whose
which
what
How many
How much
how
where
谁(后加be)
谁的(后加物品)
哪一个
什么
有多少
多少钱
怎样
哪里
运用上面的疑问词对划线部分提问
1 That boy is my brother.
Who is that boy?
2 The girl with big eyes is Helen.
Who’s the girl with big eyes?
3 They are cooks.
What are their jobs?
4 There is a TV in the classroom.
What’s in the classroom?
5 I’d like some orange juice.
What would you like?
6 I can see seven books on the desk.
How many books can you see on the desk?
7 It’s twenty-five yuan.
How much is it?
8 I go to school by bus.
How do you go to school?
序数词的构成是在以之相对应的基数词词尾加th，个别例外：
◆one – first two—second three—third
five—fifth eight—eighth nine—ninth
twelve – twelfth
◆ 以ty结尾的，先变y为i，加th
forty—fortieth
◆ 缩写形式
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 22nd 31st
2、规则动词的过去时词尾变化
◆ 一般情况下加ed
◆ 以不发音的e结尾的加d
◆ 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i，加ed。
3、 规则动词过去时的发音规则
◆ 在浊辅音、元音后读[ d ]，如lived，listened
◆ 在清辅音后读[ t ]，如 liked， helped，watched
◆ 在[ t ] [ d ] 音后读[ Id ]， 如 planted
三、按要求改写句子：
1. 一般疑问句
a．be动词（is, am, are, was, were）提前。
I was in England last month.
We are having an English lesson.
He is eating some nice food.
b．can提前
Lucy can do some Chinese dances.
c．行为动词
一般现在时：把助动词do，does置于句首。(动词改为原形)
My mother lives in a small town.
一般过去式：把助动词did置于句首。(动词改为原形)
Liu Tao drank some juice last night.
2.否定句
a．祈使句，把don’t放在动词之前。
Close the door, please.
b．句子中含有be动词或can
is—isn’t are—aren’t am—am not
was—wasn’t were—weren’t can—can’t
There are some dolls on the bed.
She can make a birthday card.
c．行为动词
一般现在时：主语后加don’t, doesn’t (动词改为原形)
He works on Saturday.
She has some beautiful flower.
一般过去式：主语后加didn’t (动词改为原形)
We did some Chinese dances yesterday.
3.划线部分提问
用特殊疑问词代替划线部分的内容。
常用的特殊疑问词：who, whose, how, how many, how much,
how old, when, which, what, what color, what time, what day,
what date, what shape, where.
1. Miss Zhang is our English teacher.
2. The blue comb is her mother’s.
3. My mother is ok today.
4. There are three computer rooms in our school.
5. The apples are two yuan.
6. He’s twelve years old.
7. My birthday is on the first of December.
8. The boy in white is my brother.
9. I can see a clock and a desk in the picture.
10. His trousers are black.
11. It’s five o’clock in the afternoon.
12. It’s Tuesday today.
13. It’s the tenth of March.
14. The sun is a circle.
15. I was in England last month
二、单词的复数形式
1 名词的复数
一般直接加S： apples doctors forks
单词以x, s , ch, , 结尾的 :boxes, glasses, buses, watches，waitresses
辅音+Y结尾的变y为i再加es : strawberries, libraries
元音+Y结尾的加s
词尾为f, fe,一般变f为v加s :
knife---knives
一些特殊的形式：man—men, woman-women, foot---feet,
child—children
2 、代词的复数
*指示代词 this(这)—these(这些-this 的复数)
that(那)—those(那些-that 的复数)
*人称代词
第一人称： I—we
第二人称： you—you
第三人称：he, she, it—they
*物主代词 my—our | your—your | his, her, its—their
附表格：
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称代词主格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
中文意思
我
你
他
她
它
我们
你们
他们
形容词性
物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
中文意思
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
3
be动词
am, is—are
三、句型
本册主要出现的疑问词
who
whose
which
what
How many
How much
how
where
谁(后加be)
谁的(后加物品)
哪一个
什么
有多少
多少钱
怎样
哪里
运用上面的疑问词对划线部分提问
1 That boy is my brother.
Who is that boy?
2 The girl with big eyes is Helen.
Who’s the girl with big eyes?
3 They are cooks.
What are their jobs?
4 There is a TV in the classroom.
What’s in the classroom?
5 I’d like some orange juice.
What would you like?
6 I can see seven books on the desk.
How many books can you see on the desk?
7 It’s twenty-five yuan.
How much is it?
8 I go to school by bus.
How do you go to school?