北京市第四检察院:英语发音

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《英语单词拼读规则表》导读

 

一、元音字母重读音节中的读音

元音字母

a

开音节

[e ]

name plane Jane baby cake

1-01

闭音节

[?]

bag dad hat map black back

1-02

e

开音节

[i:]

he these me Chinese

1-03

闭音节

[e]

bed let pen desk yes egg

1-04

i/y

开音节

[a ]

bike fly drive time nice kite

1-05

闭音节

[ ]

fish big drink sit milk swim

1-06

o

开音节

[ u]

those close go hoe home no

1-07

闭音节

[ ]

clock not box shop sock

1-08

u

开音节

[ju:]

student excuse duty Tuesday

1-09

闭音节

[ ]

bus cup jump much lunch

1-10

开音节中,元音字母u辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super

1-11

 

二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母

a

[ ]

China another woman breakfast

2-01

[ ]

orange comrade village cabbage

2-02

e

[ ]

hundred student open moment

2-03

[ ]]

chicken pocket begin children

2-04

i/y

[ ]/[ ]]

holiday beautiful family animal

2-05

[a ]]

exercise satellite

2-06

o

[ ]

second tonight somebody welcome

2-07

[ u]

also zero photo

2-08

u

[ ]

autumn difficult

2-09

[ju(:)]

popular congratulation January

2-10

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a[e ]音,例如:operate

2-11

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue

2-12

在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[ ]音,也可以读

[ ]音。

 

三、元音字母重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母

闭音节中a[w]音后面

[ ]

want what watch wash quality

3-01

af n sk ph sp ss st th

[ :]

after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

3-02

igh -gn -ld -nd

[a ]

high light sign child find

3-03

o-st -ld

[ u]

most postcard old cold

3-04

om n v th

[ ]

come monkey love mother

3-05

 

四、-r音节元音字组重读音节中的读音

元音字组

ar
ar
[w]音后面

[ :]

car farm dark sharpener

4-01

[ :]

warm quarter towards

4-02

or
or
[w]音后面

[ :]

forty morning short

4-03

[ :]

word worker worse

4-04

er ir ur

[ :]

certainly bird Thursday

4-05

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry berry mirror sorry hurry

4-06

-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[ ]音,例如:dollar teachermartyr comfort Saturday

4-07

 

 

五、-re音节元音字组重读音节中的读音

元音字组

are

[e ]

care dare hare

5-01

ere

[ ]

here mere

5-02

ire

[a ]

fire hire wire

5-03

ore

[ :]

more score before

5-04

ure

[ju ]

pure cure

5-05

  重读音节中元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体,按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r

[r]音。例如:parent zero inspiring story during

5-06

  某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph forest spirit

5-07

  完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音,例如:picture pleasure
  非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[ r]音,例如:salary

5-08

 

六、元音字组重读音节中的读音

元音字组

ai/ay

[e ]

afraid rain wait day play

6-01

air

[e ]

air hair chair pair repair

6-02

al

al f m

[ :]

small ball talk wall all

6-03

[ :l]

always also salt almost

6-04

[ :]

half calm

6-05

au/aw

[ :]

autumn daughter draw

6-06

ea

[i:]

teach easy cheap please

6-07

[e]

heavy bread sweater weather

6-08

[e ]

break great

6-09

ear

[ ]

hear dear near clear year

6-10

[e ]

bear pear wear swear

6-11

[ :]

earth learn early

6-12

ee

[i:]

jeep week green three

6-13

eer

[ ]

pioneer deer beer

6-14

ei/ey

[e ]

eight neighbour they

6-15

eu/ew
j l r

[ju:]

new few newspaper

6-16

[u:]

flew brew jewelry

6-17

ie/[s]音后拼写为ei

[i:]

piece field receive seize

6-18

oa

[ u]

coat Joan boat goal

6-19

oar/oor

[ :]

roar board door floor

6-20

oi/oy

[ ]

noise point boy toilet

6-21

oo

[u:]

broom food tooth school

6-22

[u]

book look cook foot good

6-23

ou/ow

[au]

flower house count down

6-24

[ u]

know row throw though

6-25

[ ]

young country enough

6-26

[u:]

group you soup through

6-27

our

[ :]

course your four

6-28

[au ]

our hour ours

6-29

[ :]

journey

6-30

ui
ui
j l r s

[ju: ]

annuity continuity

6-31

[u:]

juice sluice fruit suit

6-32

非重读音节中元音字组读 [ ] 音或 [ ] 音,例如: neighbour coffee

ai/ay ei/ey [i] 音或 [ ] 音,例如: mountain Sunday monkey

ow [ ] 音,例如: yellow window tomorrow

Gentiles

 

 

 

七、字群在非重读音节中的读音

元音字组字群

-sion -tion

[ n]

impression nation

7-01

-sion在元音字母后

[ n]

vision decision occasion

7-02

-tions

[ n]

question suggestion

7-03

-sten

[sn]

listen christen

7-04

-stle

[sl]

whistle jostle castle

7-05

-sure

[ ]

pressure

7-06

-sure在元音字母后

[ ]

pleasure measure

7-07

-ture

[ ]

picture culture

7-08

 

 

 

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

  复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母

音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如:
  everyday[e ]
  handbag[?]
  blackboard[
:]

8-01

  有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在时的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如:
  sun 太阳 + day[e ] 日子 → Sunday[i] 星期天
  holy 神圣 + day[e
] 日子 → holiday[i] 假日
  break 中断 + fast[
:] 斋戒 → breakfast[ ] 早餐
  cup 茶杯 + board[
:] 木板 → cupboard[ ] 碗柜
  main 主要部分 + land[?] 陆地 → mainland[
] 大陆

8-02

 

 

、辅字组的读音

辅字组

b

[b]

bike bus bag

9-01

[/]

bomb tomb lamb climb

9-02

c
c
e前或在i/y

在弱读字母ia ie io

[k]

cake picture coat music

9-03

[s]

face decide cinema

9-04

[ ]

official efficient delicious

9-05

ch

[ ]

much chick rich teacher

9-06

[k]

school headache chemistry

9-07

[ ]

machine Chicago

9-08

-ck

[k]

cock pocket black knock

9-09

d

[d]

doctor bread hand day

9-10

-dge

[d ]

bridge fridge

9-11

dr-

[dr]

children driver drink

9-12

f

[f]

five four breakfast

9-13

g
g
e i/y

[ ]

bag garden go

9-14

[d ]

orange large German

9-15

gh
gh-
-gh

[/]

light daughter high

9-16

[ ]

ghost sorghum spaghetti

9-17

[f]

cough enough rough

9-18

gu- -gue

[ ]

guess league dialogue guitar

9-19

[ w]

language anguish penguin

9-20

h

[h]

hot head house hand

9-21

[/]

hour honest honor

9-22

j-

[d ]

jeep jar joke join July

9-23

k

[k]

kind bike skate make week

9-24

kn-

[n]

knife know knock

9-25

l

[l]

life milk school tall

9-26

m

[m]

monkey come tomato

9-27

-mn

[m]

autumn column solemn

9-28

n
n
[k] [ ]音前

[n]

not shine ten note

9-29

[?]

uncle thank hungry

9-30

-ng

[?]

morning young wrong

9-31

p

[p]

paper plane pig ship pen

9-32

ph

[f]

elephant photo telephone

9-33

q/-que

[k]

Iraq cheque

9-34

qu-

[kw]

quality quite quarter

9-35

r-

[r]

red rubber ruler

9-36

s在音节开头或清辅音前
在元音字母间或浊辅音前

[s]

sit sleep desk

9-37

[z]

music husband

9-38

sc-

[sk]

scarlet scout Scotland

9-39

[s]

scene science scythe

9-40

sh

[ ]

she fish shirt wash

9-41

t在通常情况下
在弱读字母ia ie io

[t]

ten letter meet

9-42

[ ]

patient nation

9-43

-tch

[ ]

watch catch match

9-44

th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther

[ ]

thin thirty method

9-45

[ ]

the these with than

9-46

[ ]

clothe father weather

9-47

tr-

[tr]

tree train country truck

9-48

v

[v]

very voice love leave

9-49

w

[w]

week win wake sweet wait

9-50

[/]

answer two

9-51

wh-
wh-
在字母o

[w]

what when white why

9-52

[h]

who whose whole

9-53

x
在重读元音前

[ks]

box text exercise

9-54

[ z]

example exist exact

9-55

wr-

[r]

write wrong wrist

9-56

y-

[j]

yes yard yellow young

9-57

z

[z]

puzzle zero zoo

9-58

-ds[dz]  -ts[ts]   ps-[s]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

十、英语语音名词解释

1.音节

以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节([m] [n] [ ] [l]

外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。

0-01

2.音节的划分

①在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。

例如:let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter

②在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面重读音节里的元音是长音辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果重读音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于重读音节。

例如:长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
   短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er

0-02

3.重读音节

单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时

不需要使用重读符号。

0-03

4.开音节

①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret

②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home ex cuse
五个元音字母在开音节中发长音 [e ] [i:] [a ] [ u] [ju:]

0-04

5.闭音节

单个元音字母后面有辅字组r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重

读音节。

例如:bag egg fish not cup

五个元音字母在闭音节中发短音 [ ] [e] [ ] [ ] [ ]

0-05

6.双音节词重读规则

双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如: stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn

含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如: a bout be fore ex cuse re pair for get-ful in ven-tor

0-06

7.多音节词重读规则

多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。

例如: el-e-phant con-grat-u la-tion

词尾有-ic -tion,-sion 的词,在-ic-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scien tific im pression nation

0