北京市第四检察院:英语发音
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《英语单词拼读规则表》导读
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
编 号
a
在开音节中
[e
name plane Jane baby cake
1-01
在闭音节中
[?]
bag dad hat map black back
1-02
e
在开音节中
[i:]
he these me Chinese
1-03
在闭音节中
[e]
bed let pen desk yes egg
1-04
i/y
在开音节中
[a
bike fly drive time nice kite
1-05
在闭音节中
[
fish big drink sit milk swim
1-06
o
在开音节中
[
those close go hoe home no
1-07
在闭音节中
[
clock not box shop sock
1-08
u
在开音节中
[ju:]
student excuse duty Tuesday
1-09
在闭音节中
[
bus cup jump much lunch
1-10
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
1-11
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
编 号
a
[
China another woman breakfast
2-01
[
orange comrade village cabbage
2-02
e
[
hundred student open moment
2-03
[
chicken pocket begin children
2-04
i/y
[
holiday beautiful family animal
2-05
[a
exercise satellite
2-06
o
[
second tonight somebody welcome
2-07
[
also zero photo
2-08
u
[
autumn difficult
2-09
[ju(:)]
popular congratulation January
2-10
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[e
2-11
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
2-12
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[
作[
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
编 号
闭音节中a在[w]音后面
[
want what watch wash quality
3-01
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
3-02
i在gh -gn -ld -nd前
[a
high light sign child find
3-03
o在-st -ld前
[
most postcard old cold
3-04
o在m n v th前
[
come monkey love mother
3-05
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
编 号
ar
ar在[w]音后面
[
car farm dark sharpener
4-01
[
warm quarter towards
4-02
or
or在[w]音后面
[
forty morning short
4-03
[
word worker worse
4-04
er ir
[
certainly bird Thursday
4-05
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry berry mirror sorry hurry
4-06
-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[
4-07
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
编 号
are
[e
care dare hare
5-01
ere
[
here mere
5-02
ire
[a
fire hire wire
5-03
ore
[
more score before
5-04
ure
[ju
pure cure
5-05
重读音节中元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体,按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r
读[r]音。例如:parent zero inspiring story during
5-06
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph forest spirit
5-07
完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[
非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[
5-08
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
编 号
ai/ay
[e
afraid rain wait day play
6-01
air
[e
air hair chair pair repair
6-02
al
al 在 f m 前
[
small ball talk wall all
6-03
[
always also salt almost
6-04
[
half calm
6-05
au/aw
[
autumn daughter draw
6-06
ea
[i:]
teach easy cheap please
6-07
[e]
heavy bread sweater weather
6-08
[e
break great
6-09
ear
[
hear dear near clear year
6-10
[e
bear pear wear swear
6-11
[
earth learn early
6-12
ee
[i:]
jeep week green three
6-13
eer
[
pioneer deer beer
6-14
ei/ey
[e
eight neighbour they
6-15
eu/ew
在 j l r 后
[ju:]
new few newspaper
6-16
[u:]
flew brew jewelry
6-17
ie/[s]音后拼写为ei
[i:]
piece field receive seize
6-18
oa
[
coat Joan boat goal
6-19
oar/oor
[
roar board door floor
6-20
oi/oy
[
noise point boy toilet
6-21
oo
[u:]
broom food tooth school
6-22
[u]
book look cook foot good
6-23
ou/ow
[au]
flower house count down
6-24
[
know row throw though
6-25
[
young country enough
6-26
[u:]
group you soup through
6-27
our
[
course your four
6-28
[au
our hour ours
6-29
[
journey
6-30
ui
ui 在j l r s后
[ju:
annuity continuity
6-31
[u:]
juice sluice fruit suit
6-32
非重读音节中元音字组读 [
ai/ay ei/ey 读 [i] 音或 [
ow 读 [
Gentiles
七、字群在非重读音节中的读音
元音字组或字群
读 音
例 词
编 号
-sion -tion
[
impression nation
7-01
-sion在元音字母后
[
vision decision occasion
7-02
-tion在s后
[
question suggestion
7-03
-sten
[sn]
listen christen
7-04
-stle
[sl]
whistle jostle castle
7-05
-sure
[
pressure
7-06
-sure在元音字母后
[
pleasure measure
7-07
-ture
[
picture culture
7-08
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或
音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如:
everyday[e
handbag[?]
blackboard[
8-01
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在时的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如:
sun 太阳 + day[e
holy 神圣 + day[e
break 中断 + fast[
cup 茶杯 + board[
main 主要部分 + land[?] 陆地 → mainland[
8-02
九、辅字组的读音
辅字组
读 音
例 词
编 号
b
[b]
bike bus bag
9-01
[/]
bomb tomb lamb climb
9-02
c
c在e前或在i/y前
在弱读字母ia ie io前
[k]
cake picture coat music
9-03
[s]
face decide cinema
9-04
[
official efficient delicious
9-05
ch
[
much chick rich teacher
9-06
[k]
school headache chemistry
9-07
[
machine Chicago
9-08
-ck
[k]
cock pocket black knock
9-09
d
[d]
doctor bread hand day
9-10
-dge
[d
bridge fridge
9-11
dr-
[dr]
children driver drink
9-12
f
[f]
five four breakfast
9-13
g
g在e i/y前
[
bag garden go
9-14
[d
orange large German
9-15
gh
gh-
-gh
[/]
light daughter high
9-16
[
ghost sorghum spaghetti
9-17
[f]
cough enough rough
9-18
gu- -gue
[
guess league dialogue guitar
9-19
[
language anguish penguin
9-20
h
[h]
hot head house hand
9-21
[/]
hour honest honor
9-22
j-
[d
jeep jar joke join July
9-23
k
[k]
kind bike skate make week
9-24
kn-
[n]
knife know knock
9-25
l
[l]
life milk school tall
9-26
m
[m]
monkey come tomato
9-27
-mn
[m]
autumn column solemn
9-28
n
n在[k] [
[n]
not shine ten note
9-29
[?]
uncle thank hungry
9-30
-ng
[?]
morning young wrong
9-31
p
[p]
paper plane pig ship pen
9-32
ph
[f]
elephant photo telephone
9-33
q/-que
[k]
Iraq cheque
9-34
qu-
[kw]
quality quite quarter
9-35
r-
[r]
red rubber ruler
9-36
s在音节开头或清辅音前
在元音字母间或浊辅音前
[s]
sit sleep desk
9-37
[z]
music husband
9-38
sc-
[sk]
scarlet scout Scotland
9-39
[s]
scene science scythe
9-40
sh
[
she fish shirt wash
9-41
t在通常情况下
在弱读字母ia ie io前
[t]
ten letter meet
9-42
[
patient nation
9-43
-tch
[
watch catch match
9-44
th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther中
[
thin thirty method
9-45
[
the these with than
9-46
[
clothe father weather
9-47
tr-
[tr]
tree train country truck
9-48
v
[v]
very voice love leave
9-49
w
[w]
week win wake sweet wait
9-50
[/]
answer two
9-51
wh-
wh-在字母o前
[w]
what when white why
9-52
[h]
who whose whole
9-53
x
在重读元音前
[ks]
box text exercise
9-54
[
example exist exact
9-55
wr-
[r]
write wrong wrist
9-56
y-
[j]
yes yard yellow young
9-57
z
[z]
puzzle zero zoo
9-58
-ds[dz] -ts[ts] ps-[s]
十、英语语音名词解释
1.音节
以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节([m] [n] [
外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。
0-01
2.音节的划分
①在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。
例如:let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面重读音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果重读音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于重读音节。
例如:长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er
0-02
3.重读音节
单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时
不需要使用重读符号。
0-03
4.开音节
①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret
②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home ex
五个元音字母在开音节中发长音 [e
0-04
5.闭音节
单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重
读音节。
例如:bag egg fish not cup
五个元音字母在闭音节中发短音 [
0-05
6.双音节词重读规则
双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如:
含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如: a
0-06
7.多音节词重读规则
多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
例如:
词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scien
0