东方红me404拖拉机:12%害羞的青少年可能患有社交恐惧

12%害羞的青少年可能患有社交恐惧

A small portion of shy teenagers may actually have social phobia, according to a new national study of adolescents.

    根据一项针对全国青少年的研究显示，一小部分的害羞的孩子确实有可能患有社交恐惧。

Social phobia, a persistent, debilitating fear of situations that could involve scrutiny and judgment, is a somewhat controversial diagnosis in children and teens, with critics arguing that the diagnosis turns normal shyness into a medical condition. But the new research finds that teens who meet the criteria for social phobia are also more likely to struggle with depression, anxiety, substance disorders and other problems. That finding suggests that social phobia is a serious condition beyond regular shyness, the researchers report Monday (Oct. 17) in the journal Pediatrics.

    社交恐惧是一种持续性的，对各种情况的衰弱性恐惧，可能包括观察能力和判断力。它是一种在儿童和青少年中有点争议的诊断，评论家们在把这诊断从正常的害羞变成某种意料状况上存在争议。但是新的研究发现，凡是符合社交恐惧标准的青少年也更容易陷入沮丧、焦虑、物质障碍和其他问题中。这个发现介绍说，社交恐惧是在正常害羞之上的的更严重的状况，研究者在周一（10月17号）的Pediatrics杂志发表了这一研究成果。

To uncover the overlap between shyness and social phobia, the researchers drew from a nationally representative survey of 10,123 American teenagers and 6,483 of their parents. In face-to-face sessions, the teenagers answered questions about their level of shyness, anxiety and prescription medication use. The teens were also evaluated for social phobia.

Parents were more likely to rate their teens as shy than the teens themselves, with 62.4 percent of parents saying their teens were shy while only 46.7 percent of teens described themselves that way. Of the students who called themselves shy, 12.4 percent actually met the criteria to be diagnosed with social phobia. Of the teens described as shy by their parents, 10.6 percent met the criteria for social phobia. Of teens not identified as shy, about 5 percent met the social phobia criteria.

      为了揭示害羞和社交恐惧之间重合的部分，研究者从对10123名美国青少年和6483名他们的父母的全国范围内代表性的调查中进行研究。在面对面调查的环节，青少年回答关于他们害羞、焦虑和处方药使用情况等级的问题。那些青少年同时进行了对社交恐惧的测评。

相对青少年自己，家长们更可能将他们的孩子归为害羞，62.4%的家长声称他们的孩子是害羞的，而只有46.7%的青少年以这样的方式描述自己。在称自己害羞的学生中，实际上，12.4%符合可以诊断为社交恐惧的标准。在被家长描述成害羞的青少年中，10.4%符合社交恐惧的标准。在那些没有将自己定义为害羞的青少年中，大约5%的符合社交恐惧的标准。

The results suggest that "social phobia is not simply shyness," the researchers wrote. "In contrast to the high frequency of shyness observed among U.S. adolescents, social phobia affected a minority of youth."

结果显示，“社交恐惧不是简单的害羞”，研究者写道。“相比在美国青少年中观察到的害羞的高频率，社交恐惧影响了一小部分的青少年”。

More tellingly, the researchers reported, teenagers who met the criteria for social phobia reported more social struggles and more additional psychological disorders than the teens who were simply shy. Despite these troubles, the socially phobic teens were no more likely than their counterparts to be taking medication.

更能说明问题的是，根据研究者的报告，符合社交恐惧标准的青少年相对那些仅仅是害羞的青少年而言，会遇到更多的社会挣扎（竞争）和额外的心理障碍。尽管有这些麻烦，患有社会恐惧症的青少年并没有比那些正常的伙伴多服药。

The implication, the researchers wrote, is that social phobia should be taken seriously in young people.

言外之意，研究者写道，就是在年轻人中，社交恐惧需要认真对待。

"Although many adolescents with social phobia demonstrate marked impairment, results suggest that few ever seek or obtain professional help," the researchers wrote. "Persistent claims that dispute the severity of this condition among youth likely will do little to alter their course."

   “尽管许多患有社交恐惧症的青少年表现出明显的减少，研究结果提到很少有人寻求或者获得专业的帮助”，研究者写道，“在青少年间对这种状况的争议的持续性呼吁似乎对改变他们的课程的作用不大”。