西北大学艰难评上211:Chilling Effects

Chilling Effects aims to support lawful online activity against the chill of unwarranted legal threats. We are excited about the new opportunities the Internet offers individuals to express their views, parody politicians, celebrate favorite stars, or criticize businesses, but concerned that not everyone feels the same way. Study to date suggests that cease and desist letters often silence Internet users, whether or not their claims have legal merit. The Chilling Effects project seeks to document that "chill" and inform C&D recipients of their legal rights in response.

“寒蝉”旨在帮助合法的网络活动，避免它们因为无法律根据的权利通知书而噤若寒蝉。互联网让人们有了表达他们各自的观点，戏仿讽刺政治家、赞美明星或批评某些商业行为的新机会，我们为此而感到兴奋。但是我们也注意到，并非每个人都有相同的感觉。研究已经说明，那些删除或断开链接的通知书常常让互联网用户噤若寒蝉——无论那些通知书究竟是否真的有法律根据。“寒蝉”项目就是为了记录这些“寒冷的时光”，并让那些收到通知书的网络用户、网站或网络服务提供者了解在回应这些通知书时自己所享有的合法权利。

Chilling Effects is an academic research project conducted by a team of North American universities whose purpose is to help the public understand their legal rights in the Internet age. Its focus includes freedom of expression, intellectual property, rights of publicity, and defamation. Chilling Effects collects complaints and requests for legal assistance, judicial and extra-judicial, from Web sites and Internet service providers such as Google, and analyzes them through legal clinics at the participating universities. In many cases, when a complaint is reported to the Chilling Effects database, the challenged content will be removed from the Internet or access to it blocked, temporarily or permanently. Chilling Effects does not judge in the accuracy of the complaint.

“寒蝉”（Chilling Effects）是一项由北美多间大学联合进行的学术研究项目，其目标是让大众更多地了解自己在互联网时代的权利。本项目最关注的是言论自由、知识产权、形象权*以及诽谤问题。“寒蝉”收集那些发给网站运营者和网络服务提供者（例如Google）的权利通知书或协助执行法律裁决的文书（司法的或非司法的），然后将这些通知书交给各个参与本项目的大学的法律诊所，由学生来分析。虽然在很多时候，当网络服务提供者把他们收到的通知书提交到“寒蝉”数据库中的同时，也会暂时或永久地禁止访问这些通知书所涉及的内容，但“寒蝉”并不判断这些通知书的准确性。

Chilling Effects is not the sender of the complaints and is not responsible for the removal of pages from the Web or from search engine results. If you believe that a web page or web site has been removed in error, you should contact your Internet service provider or the search engine. In the case of an incorrect copyright notice, you might consider making a counter-notification according to the DMCA - Digital Millennium Copyright Act.

“寒蝉”也不是这些投诉的发出者，因此如果投诉通知书所涉及的页面被删除（或相关链接在搜索引擎的结果中被移除），也不是“寒蝉”的责任。如果您确信某个页面或某个网站被错误地移除了，您应当联系相应的网络服务提供者或搜索引擎。根据《数字新千年版权法案》的规定，如果相关删除或断开链接的通知书是以版权侵权为理由的，那么您可以撰写一份要求恢复被删除的网页或被断开的链接的反通知，发送给相关的网站或网络服务提供者。

The Chilling Effects Clearinghouse collects and analyzes legal complaints about online activity, helping Internet users to know their rights and understand the law. Chilling Effects welcomes submission of letters from individuals and from Internet service providers and hosts. These submissions enable us to study the prevalence of legal threats and allow Internet users to see the

“寒蝉”数据交换网站收集和分析有关网络行为的法律通知书，帮助网络用户了解他们的权利和理解相关的法律规定。“寒蝉”欢迎网络用户、网络服务提供者以及网站主机服务提供者提交你们收到的法律通知书。我们利用这些投诉通知研究法律威胁的遍及程度，同时也让互联网用户得以了解某些内容被屏蔽的原因。

The Chilling Effects Clearinghouse is a unique collaboration among law school clinics and the Electronic Frontier Foundation. Conceived and developed at the Berkman Center for Internet & Society by Berkman Fellow Wendy Seltzer, the project is now supported by clinical programs at Harvard, Berkeley, Stanford, University of San Francisco, University of Maine, George Washington School of Law, and Santa Clara University School of Law clinics, and the EFF.

“寒蝉”数据交换网站是由多所大学的法律诊所项目和电子前沿基金会（Electronic Frontier Foundation）共同合作设立的项目。它首先由哈佛大学伯克曼互联网与社会中心的研究员温迪?塞泽尔(Wendy Seltzer)筹划和建立。现在，支持”寒蝉”的法律诊所项目包括哈佛大学、加州伯克利、斯坦福大学、旧金山大学、缅因大学、乔治华盛顿法学院、圣克拉拉大学法律诊所，以及电子前沿基金会。