玛丽莲曼森现成员:高考英语听力的命题规律 解题技巧及对话内容场景下的常用短语和表达方式

高考英语听力的命题规律 解题技巧及对话内容场景下的常用短语和表达方式

一、测试重点放在理解上，而不是辨音上。要求考生从所听材料中获取信息，理解会话者的观点、态度或意图，判断会话者之间的关系或会话的场合、背景等。绝大部分试题都是推断题或理解所给材料的主旨要义题。深层次理解题增多，选项中干扰项的设计更加灵活。

二、素材涉及学校生活、乘坐飞机、参加聚会、宾馆接待、同事交谈、外出参观等常见的生活内容。话题更贴近生活，贴近学生。

三、口语特征明显，出现了大量自然而地道的口语，如表现口头交际时说话人不同情绪的感叹词、停顿、重复、省略、重音或自我更正等语言现象。

四、综观近三年的语速以及新课程标准“能基本听懂国内广播或电台一般新闻的主题或大意”的要求（语速为190w/pm以上），可预测不断提高语速将是今后听力题设制的必然趋势。

高考英语听力的解题技巧

一、听前审题并做好预测

拿到考卷之后，应迅速阅读问题及选项，根据关键信息推测出该短文的主要内容。听每道题前，总会有一段停顿时间，我们要充分利用此时间，先浏览题目和选项，对每个题都有一个大致的印象，从而做到有的放矢，降低听力材料的理解难度，更有利于稳定心理。

二、听中速记

听力测试与笔答题不同之处就在于它是一次性的。一次要养成强记内容的能力，如人名、地名、数字等。记录时要尽量采用简易的且自己能够懂得的方式，遇到一时搞不清的词，要学会用音标、汉语、拼音等能唤起回忆的方式。

三、听后检查

利用头脑中还保留的短暂记忆，对于不太肯定的答案，作出果断判断。

高考考试的对话内容场景基本上都是考生所熟悉的，有校园、生活、工作、各种社交场所。了解一些场景下的常用语和常见表达对解题是很有帮助的。对这些常用词汇和短语不仅要知道其本身的意思，还要知道他们的同义表达方式。这是因为现在听力试题一般不会在选项中出现对话中的原词和词组。以下场景是对话当中所占比例最大的，掌握了这些场景下的常用短语和表达方式，也就从词汇和短语方面抓住了解题的关键。

1. 校园生活场景

1) 借书：

book for reading assignment;

check out;

volume;

check for sb;

on the upper shelf;

a book hard to identify/ is missing;

has been misplaced

2) 教授和学生关系：学生问老师问题；学生寻求老师的帮助；学生询问老师对作业的意见；老师要求学生对论文打印错误等

do research for;

semester;

work as one's teaching assistant;

trouble a professor;

may I ask you a few questions;

I have a class at ten;

come in one's office hours;

finish reading one's research report;

revise (improve) some parts of it;

get it published;

read some papers he recommended;

correct all the typing errors in a paper;

read it through again;

check the paper for typing errors

3) 同学之间交流：选课；听课感受；对老师讲课的评价；提供老师论文复印件；交流论文写作进展;交流如何读书;考试通过互相祝贺;对生病同学补课;认识新同学;为打印论文而向对方询问如何找纸;谈论学习进展等

stay awake;

sleep through;

unnecessarily long;

more attentive;

on this topic;

hard to follow;

think of;

speak highly of;

consider sth. dull;

choose a good topic;

attend;

think of sb.'s lecture;

the topic is interesting;

difficult to follow;

say about;

a copy of article;

get on with one's essay;

have a real hard time;

two sleepless nights;

be through with;

finish the assignments;

political science class;

each present a different theory;

read more than one article;

get a full mark in math exams;

do a good job;

librarian;

miss classes;

bring sb. up to date;

help sb. to catch up;

show up late;

on the first day of school;

get to know;

find quality paper to type essay;

bookshelf; stock room;

go and check;

typewriter;

have one's hands full with;

book report;

how are lessons going;

make progress;

well worth the time and trouble;

rewarding;

boring; entertaining;

time consuming;

take five classes next semester;

too many courses offered to students

2. 家庭生活场景

1) 外出活动(看电影、逛街、参加晚会):

go to the movies;

go out for dinner;

see a different type of movie for a change;

be tired of movies about romantic stories;

love stories;

detective stories;

royal theatre;

I'm starving;

what to wear to the party;

cannot afford something new;

attend a party;

all of the clothes look so old;

And with our student discount;

the tickets will be a real cheap;

2) 外出旅行

the holiday is well soon be here;

be on the plane;

it is exciting to travel by air;

fly somewhere for one's vacation;

we'll have another fine day;

let's go to the seaside;

leave very early;

set off early;

go sightseeing;

take a half day tour of the city;

spend more time on sightseeing;

get to the airport in time to catch the flight;

get one's flight changed;

switch to a different flight

3) 家居生活、休闲:

sit out in the backyard to enjoy the beautiful day;

there is a lot of laundry to do;

wash clothes;

why did sb. call;

pick up magazine she learnt;

get some magazines back;

paint the house;

have the house painted;

climb the ladder;

go home for the summer;

count the days;

on one's way home;

pack for the summer vacation;

the apple pie taste very good/delicious;

even my mother cannot match this;

have a look at the book I bought;

bought out the bookstore;

bought a lot of books;

a large selection of books

4) 在家请客:

ask sb. to the party;

know one's address;

invite Tom to the party;

get the Johnson's address;

call to tell him about the reception

3. 顾客与医生/服务员/秘书场景：

1) 买票/机场：

I would like two tickets for 9 o'clock show;

sell out;

attend a show;

have a ticket for 6 o'clock flight to New York;

I am afraid I can't make it;

is there a seat available for;

all the morning flights have been booked up;

fly to someplace;

return one's ticket;

change one's destination;

here is a 10-dollar bill;

give me two tickets for tonight's show please;

you are not supposed to be here;

this area is for the airport staff only;

fly over to see;

keep in touch;

see sb. off;

complain about the poor airport service;

meet sb. at the airport

2) 约见:

I'd like a talk with your director;

could you arrange it for me;

rather busy these days;

arrange an appointment for sb. with sb.;

you've arranged to meet sb.;

going to contact Mr.Johnson;

I am ringing to confirm my appointment with;

expect sb. at;

make an appointment;

would you get me through to sb.;

be with sb.

3) 餐馆/旅馆

have a table for four;

a corner table;

a table near the window;

reserve a table;

I'll be back with your order;

how about the food I ordered;

book a room with a bath;

a single/double room on the second floor

4) 买书

I'd like to buy a copy of;

that book has been out of print;

it is no longer available;

the information in the book is out of date;

the paperback edition of this dictionary'

hard cover is on sale;

5) 买东西/邮局

the newest model;

represent the latest technology;

we sell nothing but the best;

be of the same brand;

have a good sale;

nice-looking straw hat;

you can wear it rain or shine;

I'm going to send the parcel to London;

what's the postage for it;

4. 医院或诊所

what can I do for you;

what's the matter with sb.;

make an appointment to see the doctor;

twist one's ankle;

the injury does not seem serious;

foot still hurt;

put my weight on it

5. 运动/爱好/娱乐

1) 运动

boating and skating are my favorite sports;

walk all the way to the office;

find great pleasure in walking;

take it as a kind of exercise;

fishing is a good way to kill time;

give a talk on fishing;

have the same hobby as sb.;

show great enthusiasm for;

be enthusiastic for;

be interested in;

be willing to swim;

how do you like yesterday's play;

play one's part quite well/exaggerate his part= too dramatic to be realistic;

see last night's film on channel

2) 闲聊：

it's high time we turned our attention to the problem;

I can't agree with you more;

I'd ride a bike to work;

take a crowded bus during the rush hours;

take good care of one's car;

the car is well maintained;

the car is in good condition;

no scratches on the outside and the inside is clean too;

car can stand any crash

3) 公共场合：

the music is beautiful;

I'd like to dance;

I don't know the steps;

give performance;

listen to the music;

dance to music;

Tom looks awfully nervous;

be not used to making speeches;

an awful/inexperienced speaker;

be terribly embarrassed;

the audience get up and leave in the middle of the performance;

appreciate the real life drama;

the title of the oil painting;

an early 18-century work;

look it up in the catalog;

at an art gallery

6. 工作

complaint about one's job;

accept a job;

turn down the offer;

it means frequent business trips away from family;

the pay is too low to support one's family;

get bored with the same routine;

year after year;

awfully dull;

really exciting;

very exhausting;

quite challenging;

stimulating;

how did your experiment go;

be through with your work;

my boss usually finds something for me to do at the last minute;

be confident about the job interview;

7. 天气

have a severe winter;

warm up;

the weather is mild;

enjoy the wonderful weather;

8. 居住/租房

move into a new apartment;

it is more expensive;

can't put up with the noise;

have a room to let/for rent

9. 警察与公民

you were seen hanging about the store;

unsolved case of robbery;

search for reliable witness;

this is a one-way street;

didn't you see the sign;

park car in a wrong place;

break a traffic rule;

drive at a low speed/ too fast

【听力】听力小对话神蒙原则

一"阴胜阳衰"原则: (即答案中出现以下情况可能是对的)

1.男生学习不好,不爱学习;女生爱学习,学的也好.

2.男生等女生.

3.男生在遇到困难的时候往往比较消极,而女生往往比较乐观,不怕困难,还开导男生.

4.男生总是很猴急,不够沉稳,心里素质不行;女生很稳重,成熟,细心.

5.男生对女生基本上是"唯命是从"原则.

6.男生总是不太爱学习,女生则认为一定要好好学习,尤其是开始之前更应该话功夫;而且女生很关心男生的学习,经常一某些方式帮助男生.

7.男生惹女生生气,然后向女生道歉.女生还是比较宽容的,能原谅他们.

二.请客吃饭场景 (即答案中出现以下情况可能是对的)

1.一般有邀请时都答应,或者说我很愿意去,但是有某些事情耽误了.

2.要求回请

3.赞扬主人做的饭好吃

4.特别的食物,一般指意大利的西班牙或者泰国(Thailand)的食物

三.教授讲课场景. (原则同上)

出现生动有趣,深刻抽象都对.(同时出现生动与抽象,只能去跳楼了)

四.住宿场景.(原则同上)

一般为学生租房子或者几个人share一个房间,一般以穷,房子,家具破,旧,价格低为特点

五.学生找工作场景.(原则同上)

学生免试很紧张,重视免试,准备知识,喜欢去大公司,因为远而放弃,担心是否需要工作经验.

六.阅读场景.(原则同上)

没时间,没读完或者读了一部分,因为没意思所以没读.

七.学生贫穷原则.(原则同上)

"想家"原则,没钱买书只好借,在周末给家打电话,因为便宜.去买打折,二手的东西.

八.为出和天气场景.(原则同上)

男生:听天尤命,因为坏天气而取消 女生:担心天气下雨

九.做飞机场景.(原则同上)