中财网职业卫生危害申报:[中英对照] Why are England soccer fans so crazy?
来源：百度文库 编辑：中财网 时间：2024/05/06 16:16:38
英足球迷为何“狂热”
英格兰队无疑是参加本届世界杯32支球队中最被关注的球队之一。英国球迷又将象以往一样随着这支球队的输赢，情绪剧烈地波动着，有时候歇斯底里，有时候喜极而泣。一个小小的足球，为何有这么大的力量掀起情感波澜？
据英国《卫报》的一篇文章说，其实，球迷们的各种情绪，都是依据关系心理学的种种规则运转的。
实验证明，当看到自己支持的球队获胜的时候，球迷们体内的睾丸激素分泌会出现惊人的提高。据了解，睾丸激素是男性荷尔蒙的一种，主要控制竞争意识、自信、安宁和乐观精神。从某种意义上说，整个国家现在都是处在睾丸激素的作用之下。心理学家们提出了这样一个问题：球迷们为什么将如此多的精力放在根本无法控制的东西上面？
一种说法认为，球队给球迷提供了一种“身份感”，当许多球迷同时给予一支球队支持时，他们团结一致，就像加入了一个社会组织。如果这种身份感足够强，球队的表现就会影响到球迷的态度和心理，也就是俗称的“自己的球队”影响自己。因此在观看职业比赛时，球迷们总是有自己的观感、压力等等，在比赛进行当中，球队和球迷暂时融为了一体。每个人都希望他人和自己有情感上的共鸣，立场一致的球迷们在情感上互相得到共鸣，拉近他们的距离，使他们获得归属感。另外，球迷在观看球赛的过程中，心情随之起伏，或鼓掌或呐喊，是一种很好的宣泄方式，有助于舒缓现代生活中的紧张压力。
另一方面，职业竞技场也证实了许多的价值和幻想。如果“我们”的球队获胜了，也就等同于我们赢了，我们的身份得到了承认。心理学家证实，在英格兰，这种影响更为明显，因为英格兰人认为现代足球是“属于他们”的运动，英格兰的球迷总是在强调“足球的回归”。
作为一个国家，英格兰在竞技和个人方面非常突出，另外由于帝国建设和军事侵略等显示国家利己主义的手段已经不再成为主流，体育就成了表现国家野心的主要手段。同时，整个国家的心理状态也表明，不多的几场胜利带来的愉悦的背后，还有一些更为深邃的内容。在英格兰这样一个强调个人发展的文化当中，球员们在相对松懈的结构下为进球而努力。但是无论个人主义怎样强大，球队总是需要一种联系，同周边的人探讨、互动——从而获得一种身处团体的感觉。因此，当鲁尼把足球送入大门的时候，所有球迷的感觉是他不仅仅是为自己踢球，同时也是为了所有人——在那一时刻，球迷和球员的心连在了一起。
translator：milkywayfish
Why are England soccer fans so crazy?
Of the 32 teams in this World Cup, the England team is undoubtedly one of those that attract most public attention. As before, the England fans will inevitably go through an emotional turbulence of hysteria and tearful exhilaration at the team‘s ups and downs. How can a tiny soccer blows up such a tremendous emotional storm?
An article from The Guardian, a British newspaper, tells us the emotional torrents of the fans may be explained by the principles of Relationship Psychology.
Experiments prove that the fans‘ testicle hormone will go up dramatically at their team‘s victory. As is known, testicle hormone, one of the male hormones, controls senses of aggressiveness, confidence, calmness and optimism. In a sense, the whole country is overtaken by the power of testicle hormone at present. However, psychologists have raised such a question: why do fans exert so much energy on something completely uncontrollable?
One answer highlights the sort of "identity" the team gives to the fans. When a large number of fans support one team, they tend to stand together, feeling they belong to one social group. When this sense of identity is strong enough, the performance of the team may exert direct influence on how fans feel, or what is usually called that they are influenced by "their own team". Therefore, fans invariably experience tension and pressure as they watch professional games, in which they and their team are temporarily united as one. Everyone wishes to find emotional common ground with others. Naturally, fans of the same team feel emotionally close and thus get the sense of conformity. In addition, watching soccer games contributes to the relief of pressures of present life.
On the other hand, professional arena helps to realize some personal values and dreams. To the fans, the victory of their team is also their own victory, giving them recognition of their identities. Psychologists prove that this kind of influence is more powerful in England, for Englanders think their country is the home of soccer and they always want to welcome soccer home.
As a nation, the English place a high premium on competition and individualism. Sports have become the major means to sustain the country‘s status of supremacy, as empire expansion and military invasion, the major means of national exploitation, have gradually faded from the stage of history. Meanwhile, the psychological state of the whole nation demonstrates that the few victories the England team has won brought more than mere happiness. In the British culture that attaches significance to individualism, players struggle for goals in a comparatively loose social structure. But however tremendous the individualism is, a team longs to be with others for interaction and communication, to be accepted into a bigger social group. When Rooney shot the goal, all the fans felt he was playing not only for himself but for all, a moment when all hearts beat as one, the players‘ and the fans‘.
英格兰队无疑是参加本届世界杯32支球队中最被关注的球队之一。英国球迷又将象以往一样随着这支球队的输赢，情绪剧烈地波动着，有时候歇斯底里，有时候喜极而泣。一个小小的足球，为何有这么大的力量掀起情感波澜？
据英国《卫报》的一篇文章说，其实，球迷们的各种情绪，都是依据关系心理学的种种规则运转的。
实验证明，当看到自己支持的球队获胜的时候，球迷们体内的睾丸激素分泌会出现惊人的提高。据了解，睾丸激素是男性荷尔蒙的一种，主要控制竞争意识、自信、安宁和乐观精神。从某种意义上说，整个国家现在都是处在睾丸激素的作用之下。心理学家们提出了这样一个问题：球迷们为什么将如此多的精力放在根本无法控制的东西上面？
一种说法认为，球队给球迷提供了一种“身份感”，当许多球迷同时给予一支球队支持时，他们团结一致，就像加入了一个社会组织。如果这种身份感足够强，球队的表现就会影响到球迷的态度和心理，也就是俗称的“自己的球队”影响自己。因此在观看职业比赛时，球迷们总是有自己的观感、压力等等，在比赛进行当中，球队和球迷暂时融为了一体。每个人都希望他人和自己有情感上的共鸣，立场一致的球迷们在情感上互相得到共鸣，拉近他们的距离，使他们获得归属感。另外，球迷在观看球赛的过程中，心情随之起伏，或鼓掌或呐喊，是一种很好的宣泄方式，有助于舒缓现代生活中的紧张压力。
另一方面，职业竞技场也证实了许多的价值和幻想。如果“我们”的球队获胜了，也就等同于我们赢了，我们的身份得到了承认。心理学家证实，在英格兰，这种影响更为明显，因为英格兰人认为现代足球是“属于他们”的运动，英格兰的球迷总是在强调“足球的回归”。
作为一个国家，英格兰在竞技和个人方面非常突出，另外由于帝国建设和军事侵略等显示国家利己主义的手段已经不再成为主流，体育就成了表现国家野心的主要手段。同时，整个国家的心理状态也表明，不多的几场胜利带来的愉悦的背后，还有一些更为深邃的内容。在英格兰这样一个强调个人发展的文化当中，球员们在相对松懈的结构下为进球而努力。但是无论个人主义怎样强大，球队总是需要一种联系，同周边的人探讨、互动——从而获得一种身处团体的感觉。因此，当鲁尼把足球送入大门的时候，所有球迷的感觉是他不仅仅是为自己踢球，同时也是为了所有人——在那一时刻，球迷和球员的心连在了一起。
translator：milkywayfish
Why are England soccer fans so crazy?
Of the 32 teams in this World Cup, the England team is undoubtedly one of those that attract most public attention. As before, the England fans will inevitably go through an emotional turbulence of hysteria and tearful exhilaration at the team‘s ups and downs. How can a tiny soccer blows up such a tremendous emotional storm?
An article from The Guardian, a British newspaper, tells us the emotional torrents of the fans may be explained by the principles of Relationship Psychology.
Experiments prove that the fans‘ testicle hormone will go up dramatically at their team‘s victory. As is known, testicle hormone, one of the male hormones, controls senses of aggressiveness, confidence, calmness and optimism. In a sense, the whole country is overtaken by the power of testicle hormone at present. However, psychologists have raised such a question: why do fans exert so much energy on something completely uncontrollable?
One answer highlights the sort of "identity" the team gives to the fans. When a large number of fans support one team, they tend to stand together, feeling they belong to one social group. When this sense of identity is strong enough, the performance of the team may exert direct influence on how fans feel, or what is usually called that they are influenced by "their own team". Therefore, fans invariably experience tension and pressure as they watch professional games, in which they and their team are temporarily united as one. Everyone wishes to find emotional common ground with others. Naturally, fans of the same team feel emotionally close and thus get the sense of conformity. In addition, watching soccer games contributes to the relief of pressures of present life.
On the other hand, professional arena helps to realize some personal values and dreams. To the fans, the victory of their team is also their own victory, giving them recognition of their identities. Psychologists prove that this kind of influence is more powerful in England, for Englanders think their country is the home of soccer and they always want to welcome soccer home.
As a nation, the English place a high premium on competition and individualism. Sports have become the major means to sustain the country‘s status of supremacy, as empire expansion and military invasion, the major means of national exploitation, have gradually faded from the stage of history. Meanwhile, the psychological state of the whole nation demonstrates that the few victories the England team has won brought more than mere happiness. In the British culture that attaches significance to individualism, players struggle for goals in a comparatively loose social structure. But however tremendous the individualism is, a team longs to be with others for interaction and communication, to be accepted into a bigger social group. When Rooney shot the goal, all the fans felt he was playing not only for himself but for all, a moment when all hearts beat as one, the players‘ and the fans‘.
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