世说新语中有名的故事:so与such巧分辨

　　1. so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。它们后面接单数可数名词时，词序不同。

　　so的词序为：so+ adj. + a（an） + n.

　　such的词序为：such +a（an） +adj. + n.

　　它们可以表达同样的意思，因此它们可以进行同义改写。

　　so nice a coat =such a nice coat  这么漂亮的一件外套

　　so interesting a book = such an interesting book 那么有趣的一本书

　　补给站：后面接复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用such，而不能用so.如：

　　such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花

　　such clever children 如此聪明的孩子

　　但是，复数名词或不可数名词前有many，few，much，little修饰时，只能用so而不能用such，这是一种固定用法。如：

　　so many books 这么多书

　　so few people 这么少的人

　　so much money 那么多的钱

　　so little milk 那么少的牛奶

　　2. 和“that”连用时，意思基本一样，但句型结构不同。“so…that…”句型结构为：

　　so + adj. （adv.） +that…

　　so + adj. +a（an）+单数n. +that…

　　so +many（few）+复数n. +that…

　　so +much（little）+不可数n. +that…如：

　　This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 这本书如此有趣，我已经看了三遍。

　　He spoke so fast that we couldn‘t understand him. 他说得太快，我们都未能听懂他的话。

　　It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 天气很热，谁都不想干活。

　　There were so many people that we could hardly move on. 这么多人，我们简直无法继续往前走。

　　“such…that…”句型结构为：

　　such + a （an）+adj. +单数n. +that…

　　such + adj. +复数n. +that…

　　such +adj. +不可数n. +that…

　　She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her. 她是个很可爱的小姑娘，大家都喜欢她。

　　They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two. 这么可口的蛋糕，我还想再吃两块。

　　It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it. 这么香的牛奶，我们都想喝。

　　补给站：由于so 和such后跟单数可数名词时，可以换用，同样“so…that…”与“such…that…”也可以进行同义句改写。如上文中：This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 可改写成：This is such an interesting book that I have read it three times.

　　It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 可改写成：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.

　　3. so与that可以直接构成词组“so that”，引导目的和结果状语从句，表示“以便、以致”的意思。如：

　　He worked hard so that he could pass the exams. 为了能通过考试，他学习很认真。（但such没有这种用法）

　　［巩固练习］

　　用so和such填空。

　　1. Our teacher teaches us ______ well that we are all thankful to him.

　　2. I took a taxi ______ that I could catch the train.

　　3. There is _______ little milk that I have to buy some.

　　4. A： He left in _______ a hurry that he forgot to lock the door.

　　B： He left ______ hurriedly that he forgot to lock the door.

　　5. A： There are ________ many people in the street that we couldn‘t move on.

　　B： There are ______ a lot of people in the street that we couldn‘t move on .

　　6. A： It is ______ a large room that it can hold 100 people.

　　B： It is _______ large a room that it can hold 100 people.

　　［参考答案］

　　1. so　　2. so　　3. so　　4. A： such　　B： so　　5. A： so   B： such　　6. A： such　　B： so