亚洲第一狼人:历年高考反意疑问句考点
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历年高考反意疑问句考点反意疑问句,也叫附加疑问句,是一种常用的疑问形式,也是高考重点考查的语法项目之一。一般来讲,在反意疑问句中如果前面的陈述部分用肯定形式,反意疑问句部分要用否定形式;若前面部分为否定形式,则后面问句部分要用肯定形式。
纵观近年的高考试题,反意疑问句主要涉及以下几个考点。
一、 考查反意疑问句的主语一致
1. 陈述句如果是there be ... 句型,则反意疑问句部份要用... there形式(而不用it或they)以与前面的陈述句保持一致。
考题1: There’s not much news in today’s paper, ___________? (1981全国)
A. isn’t it B. are there
C. is there D. aren’t there
考题2: There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, _____________? (2005上海)
A. wasn’t there B. was there
C. didn’t it D. did it
2. 陈述句的主语如果是this,that,不定式短语、名词、名词短语、动名词短语或从句,则反意疑问句中的主语要用it;陈述句的主语是these,those时,反意疑问句的主语用they。
考题3: Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal,________? (2004上海)
A. isn’t it B. is it
C. isn’t he D. is he
解析: A。句中的主语是Bill’s aim,应选择isn’t it与此对应。
3. 陈述句的主语如果是everyone (everybody), someone(somebody), anyone (anybody), no one, nobody, 则反意疑问句通常使用they。
考题4: I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, ___________?(2001上海)
A. do I B. don’t I
C. will they D. won’t they
解析: C。句中的主语是anyone并且考虑否定转移,则选择will they与此对应。
4. 陈述部分以let’s开头表示建议或请求,反意疑问句部分用shall we;当陈述部分以let us(me)开头,其含义是allow us / me to do something,即不包括听话人在内,反意疑问句部分用will you。
考题5: It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing,___________ ?(1990全国)
A. won’t we B. will we
C. don’t we D. shall we
考题6: We forgot to bring out tickets, but please let us enter, __________ ?(2006全国Ⅱ)
A. do you B. can we
C. will you D. shall we
考题7: If you want help—money or anything, let me know,_____________ you? (2003上海春)
A. don’tB. willC. shallD. do
二、 考查否定转移句的反意疑问句
反意疑问句通常要重复复合句中的主语,但在主句中如果含有 think, suppose, expect, believe, imagine, fancy等动词,并且后面接宾语从句构成复合句时,其反意疑问句有两种不同的构成方式。
1. 当主句的主语为第一人称时,其反意疑问句部分的主语与宾语从句保持一致(这时应特别注意否定转移)。
考题8: I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus,___________ ? (2006福建)
A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you
C. aren’t I D. didn’t she
考题9: I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,___________? (2001上海)
A. do I B. don’t I
C. will they D. won’t they
2. 当主句的主语为第二、第三人称时,其后面的反意疑问句则应与主句的主语一致。
考题10: Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera,_________ ? (2002上海)
A. is he B. isn’t he
C. doesn’t she D. does she
三、 考查反意疑问句的助动词
1. 反意疑问句是由助动词和代词构成。使用助动词的一般原则是:使用陈述句中的助动词或连系动词be。 如果陈述句中没有助动词,则应添加一个助动词do(does, did)。
考题11: Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday,_________ she? (2006广东)
A. had B. did C. hadn’t D. didn’t
解析: D。 had为实义动词,借助助动词do,又因为the day before yesterday为过去时,因此选择didn’t。
考题12: His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, _____ she?(1994上海)
A. did B. had C. didn’t D. hadn’t
解析: C。分析同上。
考题13: You had one of your teeth pulled out yesterday,__________?(2004上海)
A. had you B. hadn’t you
C. did you D. didn’t you
解析: D。此题考查have的反意疑问句。 have作实义动词,have something done意为“请某人做某事”,因此要借助助动词do。
2. 陈述句中谓语动词是must have done时,如果强调对过去情况的推测(句中有过去的时间状语),反意疑问句根据动词用 didn’t / wasn’t / weren’t +主语。陈述句中谓语动词是must have done时,如果只强调动作的完成,反意疑问句用haven’t / hasn’t +主语。
考题14: There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________?(2004上海春)
A. didn’t they B. don’t they
C. mustn’t they D. haven’t they
解析: D。句中谓语动词must have gone强调动作的完成,反意疑问句用haven’t + 主语。
四、 考查含否定副词陈述句的反意疑问句
陈述部分含有little,few,never,hardly,seldom等否定意义的副词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式。
考题15: She never tells a lie, _________ ? (1984全国)
A. does she B. doesn’t she
C. does not she D. isn’t it
五、 考查祈使句的反意疑问句
祈使句为肯定句时,反意疑问句可使用will you / won’t you, can you / can’t you;祈使句为否定句时,反意疑问句用will you / can you。
考题16: —Alice, you feed the bird today,_________?
—But I fed it yesterday. (1999全国)
A. do you B. will you
C. didn’t you D. don’t you
考题17: Be sure to write to us,__________? (1993全国)
A. will you B. won’t you
C. can you D. mustn’t you
考题18: When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf,_________? (2007北京)
A. do you B. don’t you
C. will you D. won’t you
六、 考查反意疑问句的回答
对反意疑问句的回答,应依照事实回答。如果事实是肯定的,就用yes回答;如果事实是否定的,就用no回答。当陈述部分为肯定句,疑问部分为否定句时,其回答yes或no与汉语基本一致;但当陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这时省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。
【考题回放】
考题19: —Write to me when you get home.
—I ___________.(2001全国)
A. must B. shouldC. willD. can
解析: C。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?回答部分则用(Yes) I will. 或(No) I won’t.。
考题20:
—Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
—_____________ . (1994全国)
A. I don’t B. I won’t
C. I can’t D. I haven’t
解析: B。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?,回答部分则用(No) I won’t,表示“是的,我不会忘记的”。
考题21:
—Mr. Gordan asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don’t you forget it!
—Ok, I _____________ . (2006重庆)
A. won’t B. don’t C. will D. do
解析: A。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?,回答部分则用(No) I won’t,表示“是的,我不会的”。
纵观近年的高考试题,反意疑问句主要涉及以下几个考点。
一、 考查反意疑问句的主语一致
1. 陈述句如果是there be ... 句型,则反意疑问句部份要用... there形式(而不用it或they)以与前面的陈述句保持一致。
考题1: There’s not much news in today’s paper, ___________? (1981全国)
A. isn’t it B. are there
C. is there D. aren’t there
考题2: There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, _____________? (2005上海)
A. wasn’t there B. was there
C. didn’t it D. did it
2. 陈述句的主语如果是this,that,不定式短语、名词、名词短语、动名词短语或从句,则反意疑问句中的主语要用it;陈述句的主语是these,those时,反意疑问句的主语用they。
考题3: Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal,________? (2004上海)
A. isn’t it B. is it
C. isn’t he D. is he
解析: A。句中的主语是Bill’s aim,应选择isn’t it与此对应。
3. 陈述句的主语如果是everyone (everybody), someone(somebody), anyone (anybody), no one, nobody, 则反意疑问句通常使用they。
考题4: I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, ___________?(2001上海)
A. do I B. don’t I
C. will they D. won’t they
解析: C。句中的主语是anyone并且考虑否定转移,则选择will they与此对应。
4. 陈述部分以let’s开头表示建议或请求,反意疑问句部分用shall we;当陈述部分以let us(me)开头,其含义是allow us / me to do something,即不包括听话人在内,反意疑问句部分用will you。
考题5: It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing,___________ ?(1990全国)
A. won’t we B. will we
C. don’t we D. shall we
考题6: We forgot to bring out tickets, but please let us enter, __________ ?(2006全国Ⅱ)
A. do you B. can we
C. will you D. shall we
考题7: If you want help—money or anything, let me know,_____________ you? (2003上海春)
A. don’tB. willC. shallD. do
二、 考查否定转移句的反意疑问句
反意疑问句通常要重复复合句中的主语,但在主句中如果含有 think, suppose, expect, believe, imagine, fancy等动词,并且后面接宾语从句构成复合句时,其反意疑问句有两种不同的构成方式。
1. 当主句的主语为第一人称时,其反意疑问句部分的主语与宾语从句保持一致(这时应特别注意否定转移)。
考题8: I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus,___________ ? (2006福建)
A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you
C. aren’t I D. didn’t she
考题9: I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer,___________? (2001上海)
A. do I B. don’t I
C. will they D. won’t they
2. 当主句的主语为第二、第三人称时,其后面的反意疑问句则应与主句的主语一致。
考题10: Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera,_________ ? (2002上海)
A. is he B. isn’t he
C. doesn’t she D. does she
三、 考查反意疑问句的助动词
1. 反意疑问句是由助动词和代词构成。使用助动词的一般原则是:使用陈述句中的助动词或连系动词be。 如果陈述句中没有助动词,则应添加一个助动词do(does, did)。
考题11: Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday,_________ she? (2006广东)
A. had B. did C. hadn’t D. didn’t
解析: D。 had为实义动词,借助助动词do,又因为the day before yesterday为过去时,因此选择didn’t。
考题12: His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, _____ she?(1994上海)
A. did B. had C. didn’t D. hadn’t
解析: C。分析同上。
考题13: You had one of your teeth pulled out yesterday,__________?(2004上海)
A. had you B. hadn’t you
C. did you D. didn’t you
解析: D。此题考查have的反意疑问句。 have作实义动词,have something done意为“请某人做某事”,因此要借助助动词do。
2. 陈述句中谓语动词是must have done时,如果强调对过去情况的推测(句中有过去的时间状语),反意疑问句根据动词用 didn’t / wasn’t / weren’t +主语。陈述句中谓语动词是must have done时,如果只强调动作的完成,反意疑问句用haven’t / hasn’t +主语。
考题14: There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________?(2004上海春)
A. didn’t they B. don’t they
C. mustn’t they D. haven’t they
解析: D。句中谓语动词must have gone强调动作的完成,反意疑问句用haven’t + 主语。
四、 考查含否定副词陈述句的反意疑问句
陈述部分含有little,few,never,hardly,seldom等否定意义的副词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式。
考题15: She never tells a lie, _________ ? (1984全国)
A. does she B. doesn’t she
C. does not she D. isn’t it
五、 考查祈使句的反意疑问句
祈使句为肯定句时,反意疑问句可使用will you / won’t you, can you / can’t you;祈使句为否定句时,反意疑问句用will you / can you。
考题16: —Alice, you feed the bird today,_________?
—But I fed it yesterday. (1999全国)
A. do you B. will you
C. didn’t you D. don’t you
考题17: Be sure to write to us,__________? (1993全国)
A. will you B. won’t you
C. can you D. mustn’t you
考题18: When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf,_________? (2007北京)
A. do you B. don’t you
C. will you D. won’t you
六、 考查反意疑问句的回答
对反意疑问句的回答,应依照事实回答。如果事实是肯定的,就用yes回答;如果事实是否定的,就用no回答。当陈述部分为肯定句,疑问部分为否定句时,其回答yes或no与汉语基本一致;但当陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这时省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。
【考题回放】
考题19: —Write to me when you get home.
—I ___________.(2001全国)
A. must B. shouldC. willD. can
解析: C。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?回答部分则用(Yes) I will. 或(No) I won’t.。
考题20:
—Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
—_____________ . (1994全国)
A. I don’t B. I won’t
C. I can’t D. I haven’t
解析: B。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?,回答部分则用(No) I won’t,表示“是的,我不会忘记的”。
考题21:
—Mr. Gordan asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don’t you forget it!
—Ok, I _____________ . (2006重庆)
A. won’t B. don’t C. will D. do
解析: A。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?,回答部分则用(No) I won’t,表示“是的,我不会的”。