海参和辽参有哪些区别:初中英语语法 所有格对对碰教案
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名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用名词的所有格形式。它主要包括’s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式,我们要正确运用,还得对比学习。
1.Where is ___________ sweater ? I can’t see it.
A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy’s
2.In ______ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.
A.few years B.a few years’C.a few year D.a few year’s
3.Is this your room? No, it’s _________room.
A. the children B. the children’s C. of the children D. the childrens
评析: (1)一般在表示有生命的人或动物的单数名词末尾加’s。如:
(2)以一es或一s结尾的复数名词末尾只加’,复数名词没一es或一s末尾加’s。
4.I’ll give you ________to finish the work. OK.
A. two week’s time B. two weeks’ time
C. two week time D. two weeks time
5.The market isn’t far from here. It’s only ___________ bicycle ride.
A. half an hours’ B. half an hour’s C. half an hour D. an hour and a half
6.It is said that SARS has killed more than _______________ people worldwide.
A. three hundreds B. three hundreds’ C. three hundred’s D. three hundred
1.Kate won the _______ race in the summer sports meeting.
A. 100-metre B. 100-metres C. 100 metre D. 100 metre’s
评析:有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词,也可以加’S构成所有格。如:today’s news今天的新闻,five minutes’walk五分钟的路程
7.Who is the man in the blue car? He is __________ father.
A. Kate’s and Mary’s B. Kate and Mary’s C. Kate and Mary D. of Kate and Mary
8.__________ mothers made them have piano lessons.
A. Peter and Anne B. Peter’s and Anne’s C. Peter’s and Anne D. Peter and Anne’s
评析:表示两者共同拥有的人或物时,只需要在后一个名词后加’s(或’)即可。如果表示两者各自的所属关系(各自所有),则每个词词尾都加上’s。(或’)。如:
Joan and Jane’s room琼和简的房间(房间属二人共同所有)
Joan’s and Jane’s rooms 琼的房间和简的房间(指琼和简各自的房间)
9.Where’s your father ? At _________.
A. Mr Green’s B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Green’s
10.Whose bike is it ? It’s ____________.
A. John B. John’s C. Johns’ D. Johns
评析:’S所有格所修饰的词的省略现象
(1)表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词,所有格后的名词常常省略。如:
the doctor’s诊所,Mr.Black’s布莱克先生家
(2)名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省略,以免重复。如:
Whose pen is this? It’s Tom’s.这是谁的钢笔?是汤姆的。
(11)She is Mary’s brother’s friend.
(12)She is a friend of Mary’s brother.
(13)She is a friend of Mary’s brother’s.
评析:1. (11)句用的是’s所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,突出friend一词。
(12)句用的是of所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,强调了Mary’S brother。
(13)句用的是双重所有格,侧重说明Mary哥哥的朋友不止她一个,她只是其中的一个
2.of所有格的用法
(1)of所有格一般用于无生命的东西的名词中。如:
a map of the world世界地图,the windows of the room房间的窗户
(2)修饰词较多时也可用of所有格。如:
the long and beautiful(美丽的)tail of the black cat黑猫的又长又美的尾巴
(3)表示有生命的东西的名词,有时也可以用of所有格。如:
the children of the family那家的孩子们
某些of所有格和’s所有格可以互换。如:
the son of a worker=a worker’s son一个工人的儿子
但有时含义却不相同,请比较下面的例子:
an old woman’s story(一个老妇人讲自己的身世)
the story of an old woman(别人讲一个老妇人的身世)
3.双重所有格及其用法
’s所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起,构成“of+所有格”形式,即双重所有格。它通常表示部分概念,即全体中的一部分,它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。通常of前面的名词前具有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词。它的主要形式如下:
(1)名词+of+名词性物主代词。如:
two good friends of mine我的好朋友中的两个
an story of his他的一个故事
(2)名词+of+’s所有格。(有人把这也算所有格:the key to the door门的钥匙, the keys/answers to the exercises练习的答案)如:
He is a friend of my sister’s.他是我姐姐的一个朋友。
试比较:
a picture of Xiao Zhang小张(本人)的照片
a picture of Xiao Zhang’s小张(所有的照片中)的一张照片
拓展提高练习:
一、根据句意,从括号中选择恰当的词填空。
1._Whose book is that?
_It’s________(Kate’s / Kate)
2. I’m staying at my_______(uncle / uncle’s)
3. We will have a ten______(minutes’ / mintue’s) rest.
4. He is a friend of my ______(father / father’s)
5. It’s students’ book, not_____(teacher’s /teachers’)
6. Today is the second Sunday in May .It’s____(mother’s / mothers’)Day.
7. That’s ____photo .It is very beautiful.(Lily and Lucy’s / Lily’s and Lucy’s)
8. These are _____bikes. (Jim and Sam’s / Jim’s and Sam’s)
9.The twin brothers always put small presents in ___________stockings on Christmas Day.(each other’s/ each others’)
10.I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend __________. ( of Canada’s / from Canada)
二、用所给词的适当形式填空:
1.March 8th is __________Day. (woman).
2.Doing twenty __________(分钟) exercise every day is good for your health.
3.The shop sells ____________(妇女) handbags.
4.Teachers in western countries have a __________(三个月的) holiday in a year.
5.I’ll give my English teacher a card for ____________Day. (teacher)
6.It’s only ten __________walk from the station to the hotel. (minute)
7.It’s an __________(hour) ride from here to the museum.
8.When is_________(mother) Day?