天猫广告报价:形容词、副词基本用法

Adjectives and Adverbs
形容词、副词基本用法：
形容词的基本用法：
形容词是用来修饰名词或代词的，在句中可用作定语、表语和宾语补足语等。
⑴ 用作前置定语，即放在名词前修饰该名词。例如：
China is a great country with a long history.
中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
⑵ 用作后置定语。形容词修饰不定代词或形容词短语修饰名词时，需要后置。例如：
He has something important to tell you.
他有重要的事告诉你。
She is a girl good at singing.
她是一位擅长唱歌的女孩。
⑶ 用作表语。例如：
It was rainy yesterday, but today it is sunny.
昨天下雨，今天天晴。
Your mother seems angry.
你母亲看上去生气了。
The milk in the glass has gone bad.  玻璃杯里的牛奶发臭了。
有一些形容词在句中只能用作表语，我们称之为“表语形容词”。初中英语中常见的表语形容词有：afraid, alive, alone, asleep, glad, ill (生病的), ready, sorry, sure, unable, well (健康的)等.
The dog is asleep / sleeping.
那只狗正在睡觉。
Let sleeping dogs lie.
［谚语］不要惊动睡着的狗。
（寓意：不要惹是生非。）
The 100-year-old man is still alive.
那位百岁老人依然健在。
We didn’t see any living things over there.
我们在那里没有看到活的东西。
⑷ 用作宾语补足语。例如：
The news made her happy.
那个消息使她很开心。
Who left the door open?
是谁没把门关上？
名词化的形容词:
“the＋形容词”具有名词的功能，泛指一类人或抽象事物。用作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。可以这样用的形容词有：
blind, dead, old, poor, rich, young等。例如：
The young are the hope of the country.
年轻人是国家的希望。
形容词的比较等级:
形容词比较等级分为原级、比较级和最高级三种。比较级和最高级的构成有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
原级
比较级
最高级
bad
worse
worst
far
farther
further
farthest（指距离）
furthest（表示程度）
good
better
best
little
less
least
many
much
more
most
old
older
elder
oldest（强调年龄，指人物）
eldest（强调长幼，只指人）
l       二、写出下列形容词副词的比较级和最高级形式.
wet             _______      wide              _______   .
happy             _______    cold              _______   .
excellent                     ill              _______   .
big              _______     busy             _______   . tired                   ___   exciting              _______   .
small              _______    little              _______   .
well              _______     hot              _______   .
early              _______   late                                      .
dry              _______      many              _______
badly              _______   boring              _______
小结:
①     规则:单音节或双音节加-er,-est;多音节加more, most;
②      ② 不规则:一“好” 一“坏”,一“多” 一“少”,一“老” 一“远”.
比较等级的基本用法:
⑴ 原级用于两者之间进行平级比较，    其结构是“A is as ~ as B.”，意思是“A和B一样……”。
Mary is as tall as her sister.
玛丽和她姐姐个子一样高。
表示倍数用: A is 倍数+as ~ as B
The apple is twice as big as that one.
其否定式为“A is not as / so ~ as B.”，意思是“A不如B那样……”。例如：
The room is not as big as that  one.
=The room is smaller than that one.
It is not so warm today as yesterday.
= It is colder today than yesterday.
2）形容词比较级前面可以用
much, a little，even, still, a lot 等修饰，表示比较的程度。
The earth is much bigger than the moon.
地球比月亮大得多。
The new model is a little faster than the old one.
新模型比旧模型速度稍快一点。
My shoes are dirty, but his are even dirtier.
我的鞋子很脏，可是他的鞋子还要脏。
(3)the ~er (of) 表示“（两者中）
更……的一个”。例如：
Mike is the taller one of the two boys.  迈克是两个男孩中个子较高的一个。
(4) more and more
表示“越来……越……”。
He has become busier and busier now.
他现在（变得）越来越忙了。
Computers are becoming more and  more important in our work.
电脑在我们的工作中变得越来越重要。
It is raining more and more heavily now.  现在雨下得越来越大了
(5) the more… the more表示“越……   就越……”。例如：
The busier he is, the happier he feels.  他越忙越高兴。
The more I see it, the less I like it.
那样东西我越看越不喜欢。
6)最高级用于三者或三者以上之间进
行比较并且其中一者程度最甚，其
结构是“A is the ~est of / in….”，
意思是“A在其中最……”。形容词
最高级前要用定冠词the。例如：
This building is the tallest in the
city.
这座大楼是全市最高的。
注意点
形容词最高级前一定要用the，副词最高级前可省略 在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词
*This pen is shorter than that one.
*The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.
3.用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，须用比较级；若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时，则须用最高级
*Who is taller, Mary or Jane?
*Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
7)掌握几种同义句转换
1. He is taller than any other student in his class.
= He is taller than the other students in his class.
= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.
= He is the tallest (student)in his class.
3.用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，须用比较级；若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时，则须用最高级
*Who is taller, Mary or Jane?
*Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
7)掌握几种同义句转换
1. He is taller than any other student in his class.
= He is taller than the other students in his class.
= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.
= He is the tallest (student)in his class.
3. I prefer maths to English.
=I like maths better than English.
4. The box is too heavy for him to carry.
= The box is so heavy that he can’t carry it.
= The box is not light enough for him to carry.