惠人原汁机hu1100wn:中学生英语学习常见错误一览表（字母K、L、M、N）

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keep

［误］ She was keeping something to her father.

［正］ She was keeping something from her father.

［析］ "对某人隐瞒某事"要用"keep something from somebody"句型。

［误］ He kept to repeat the word again and again.

［正］ He kept repeating the word again and again.

［析］ keep doing something为连续不断地做某事。有时可以与keep on doing something互换。它们的区别在于keep doing something意为该动作一直不停地在进行中，如： When the train started, she kept waving her hand. 而keep on doing something则表示该动作可能停停顿顿但却一直在进行中，如： He kept on making the same mistakes in grammar.

［误］ We must keep up the times.

［正］ We must keep up with the times.

［析］ 这句话意为"我们必须赶上时代"，keep up with是"赶上"之意，而keep up则是"坚持下去"的意思，如： Keep it up, don't stop now!

key

［误］ I lost the key of the door.

［正］ I lost the key to the door.

［析］ 英语中讲某某的东西一般要用of，而key, entrance, answer则多用to，如："门的钥匙"为key to the door, "高速公路入口"为entrance to the highway, "问题的答案"为the answer (key) to the question.

kind

［误］ This kind of books are not good.

［正］ This kind of books is not good.

［析］ kind在这种句式中应作为主语，如果讲Those kinds of books are very good. 则是正确的。

kind sort type

kind和sort为同义词，意为"种类"，而type则为"型号"，如： What type of this car do you want?(你想要这种车的什么型号?)

knock

［误］ Someone was knocking the door.

［正］ Someone was knocking at the door.

［析］ knock虽可以作及物动词，如： The car knocked a hole in the fence. 但作"敲门"讲一定要用作不及物动词： knock at (on) the door.

know

［误］ I want to know to play this game.

［正］ I want to know how to play this game.

［析］ 要注意英语中在不定式前加疑问代词或疑问副词的用法。如：I want to know how to do it / what to do / when to do it / where to go.

know know of

I know him.为"我很了解他。"而I know of him. 则为"我听说过他。"同样的用法还有hear和hear of这一词组。

L

large

［误］ He found a large number of mistake in his homework.

［正］ He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.

［析］ "a large number of + 复数名词"，意为大量的。

last

［误］ This is the newest news.

［正］ This is the latest news.

［析］ "最新消息"应为latest news，因为最晚到的新闻才是最新消息，请注意英语与汉语的区别。

last the last

［误］ I saw my brother the last week.

［正］ I saw my brother last week.

［析］ 当谈到与目前有关的上月、上星期等概念时只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠词，the last 可用于表示一系列词的最后一个，如： That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用来表示持续到现在的一个长时期，如： I am busy for the last week.

late

［误］ Yesterday I went home lately.

［正］ Yesterday I went home late.

［析］ late即可做形容词又可作副词；而lately则意为"最近的"，如： I haven't seen her lately.

late latter later lately

late有两个比较级，指时间较晚应用later，如口语中常讲： See you later. (一会见。)而latter则指按顺序讲的后者，或靠后的，其反意词为former，如： the former president(前总统)。又如： I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately则意为"近来"、"不久前"。laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。laugh over 则指"笑着谈论"某事，如 We laugh over the film. (我们笑着谈论那个电影。)

lay

［误］ We lied on the beach.

［正］ We lay on the beach.

［析］英文中有三个动词易混，在考试中也频频出现，它们的现在式，过去式，过去分词以及现在分词是：

lay (vt. 放) laid laid laying

lie(vi. 躺) lay lain cying

lie(vi. 说谎) lied lied lying

learn

［误］ The teacher said："You must study this poem by heart."

［正］ The teacher said："You must learn this poem by heart."

［析］ study与learn在作"学习"讲时，常常可以互换，但learn侧重于学习成果或初级阶段的模仿性学习，如：The little baby is learning to walk. 而study则多侧重于学习的过程，如： I'm studying at this college. 而learn…by heart则是"记住"、"背诵"之意。

leave

［误］ I'll leave Beijing to Shanghai.

［正］ I'll leave Beijing for Shanghai.

［析］ leave for一词组为"去某地"，如对话中常讲I'll leave for Shanghai. 因所离开的地点是双方都知道的则可以省略。

leave forget

［误］ I've forgotten my homework at home.

［正］ I've forgotten my homework.

［正］ I've left my homework at home.

［析］ 如果句中有地点状语则不要用forget, 而要用leave.

lesson

［误］ I have two lessons of English.

［正］ I have two English lessons.

［正］ I have two lessons in English.

［析］ "我有两节英语课。"这一表达法如上，但美国老师讲他有两节课时则多用"I have two classes."teach somebody a lesson 为"教训某人"，或"要吸取教训"，如： Let this thing teaches you a lesson.

lend

［误］ Please borrow me your bike.

［正］ Please lend me your bike.

［析］ borrow是指"借入"，如： I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是"借出"，如： I can lend you my bike. 而keep为"借多久"： 如 How long can I keep it?

less

［误］ He has fewer money than she has.

［正］ He has less money than she has.

［析］ less是little的比较级，而fewer是few的比较级。要注意前者修饰不可数名词，而后者修饰可数名词。

let

［误］ The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.

［正］ The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.

［析］ 虽然let, have, make有相同的用法，但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

［误］ Let's go to the park, will you?

［正］ Let's go to the park, shall we?

［误］ Let us go to the park, shall we?

［正］ Let us go to the park, will you?

［析］ Let's go的反意疑问句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑问句则是will you?

life

［误］ Many people lost their life in the Second World War.

［正］ Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.

［析］ life作为"生命"、"性命"时应为可数名词；当泛指一般"生活"讲时则为不可数名词，如： Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如： Life is not all fun.

light

［误］ There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.

［正］ There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.

［析］ light有两个过去分词： lighted和lit，当用过去分词作形容词当定语时只能用lighted.light可以用作名词，如： The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容词，如： The classroom is very light. 还可以作动词，如： The little girl lit a match. 作形容词时还有"轻"、"浅"等意，如： This box is light. I like light blue.

like

［误］ My sister is very as me.

［正］ My sister is very like me.

［析］ as 作为连词其后要接从句，如： She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介词，其后接宾语。

［误］ Do you like swimming with me tonight.

［正］ Would you like to swim with me tonight.

［析］ like作为动词当"喜欢"讲时，其后面可接不定式也可接动名词，用不定式多表达一个一次性的动作，如： I'm sorry I don't like to go swimming tonight. 用动名词则表示一个习惯性的动作，如： I like swimming very much.

like alike

作为形容词，alike 一般不作定语，而只作表语，如； The twins are very alike.

［误］ Would you like swimming with us?

［正］ Would you like to swim with us?

［析］ 在would you like…这一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接动名词。like的用法还要注意以下两点： ① He likes Tom. 为"他喜欢汤姆。"② He is like Tom. 为"他像汤姆。"第二句话的like为介词，而第一句话的like为动词。

listen

［误］ You should hear the teahcer's advice.

［正］ You should listen to the teacher's advice.

［析］ hear多侧重于听到某事或某种声音，而listen to则侧重于听的倾向性。如： We listen but hear nothing. 例句为"听取某人意见"，所以只能用listen to someone's advice.

little

［误］ Don't worry, there is little time.

［正］ Don't worry, there is a little time.

［误］ There is a little water. Shall I get some?

［正］ There is little water. Shall I get some?

［析］要注意中英文在同一问题上的表达法是不同的。如中文"水不多了，我去取点吧。"英文要讲"没水了，我去取点吧。"

little small

little与small是近义词，在作定语时常常可以互换，如： a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表语，如： The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定语时little常常带有感情色彩，而small则带有对比的含义。

live

［误］ Tom lives with his parents' money.

［正］ Tom lives on his parents' money.

［误］ He lives on teaching.

［正］ He lives by teaching.

［析］ "靠吃某物为生"应用live on something, 而live by是"靠某种生活手段为生"。

living alive

living侧重于生活得很好，身体不错，如： My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive则强调没有死而是活着的，如： Is that cat alive or dead?

lonely

［误］ She wanted to do her homework lonely.

［正］ She wanted to do her homework alone.

［析］ lonely意为"寂寞的"、"孤单的"，如： The old man felt lonely. alone则意为"独自的"、"单独的"，如： He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.

long

［误］ I have been studying long for the exam.

［正］ I have been studying for a long time for the exam.

［析］ long用作表达时间的副词时，在否定句及疑问句中最常用，但在肯定句中除与so, too, as…as连用外，一般要用for a long time.

［误］ I'll call you as long as the book will be returned.

［正］ I'll call you as long as the book is returned.

［析］ as…as引导的状语从句中可以用一般现在时表示将来。

［误］ How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.

［正］ How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.

［析］ 因为答语为每周一次所以问的是频率，要用how often.

look

look for find

look for 侧重于 "寻找"这个动作，如： What are you looking for? 而find则侧重于结果，如： It is very difficult to find a job. 这里不能用look for，因为真正困难的是"找到"工作。

其他用法还有：

［例］ He often looks back on his highschool days.

［析］ look back on something 为"回顾"、"回想"。

［例］ I wish you wouldn't look down on (upon) the children's work.

［析］ look down on (upon) 为"看不起"某人或某事。

［误］ I'm looking forward to see you.

［正］ I'm looking forward to seeing you.

［析］ look forward to词组中的to是介词，所以其后要加名词或动名词，不能接不定式。

lot

［误］ I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.

［正］ I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.

［析］ much money多用于疑问句与否定句中，而在肯定句中要用a lot of.lots of与a lot of之间无多大区别，两者都可以修饰可数与不可数名词，所以常常可以互换。

［误］ He is more happier now.

［正］ He is a lot happier now.

［析］ 不可用more来修饰比较级，能修饰比较级的词有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。

loud loudly

这两个词含意相同，在日常用语中loud多与talk，speak, shout, laugh等动词连用，如：Don't speak so loud， you'll wake the baby. 而在比较正式的场合才用loudly.

loud aloud

loud多指把声音放大，而aloud则指要出声不要默读。如：-What did you say?-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不过自言自语。)

Ｍ

make

［误］ The little boy was made repeat the whole story.

［正］ The little boy was made to repeat the whole story.

［误］ The father made his son to do his homework from morning till night.

［正］ The father made his son do his homework from morning till night.

［析］ make 的句型为"make somebody do (doing) something".但在被动语态中原来被省去的不定式符号to要被还原回来。

［误］ I always do this mistake.

［正］ I always make this mistake.

［析］英语中do和make是十分不易弄清的两个动词，do常用于谈论工作时或某种不确定的活动时，如： do a favour(帮个忙)，do one's best(竭尽全力)，do good(有益)， do harm(有害)，而多数情况下常用make, 如： make a suggestion, make a cake, make a bed(收拾床)，make a noise, make money等等。

［误］ This wine was made of grapes.

［正］ This wine was made from grapes.

［析］ 当成品制成后，其原料的性质有所改变时应用make from，否则用make of， 如： This door was made of iron.

［误］ Hard work can often make up a lack of intelligence.

［正］ Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.

［析］ make up是"创造"、"编织"，而make up for是"弥补……的不足之处"。上句应译为"勤奋工作可以弥补天资的不足。"

［误］ We made up our mind to study hard.

［正］ We made up our minds to study hard.

［析］ mind这里是可数名词，使用时要特别予以注意make up one's mind是"下定决心"之意。

［误］ Our class is made of twenty girls and twentyone boys.

［正］ Our class is made up of twenty girls and twentyone boys.

［析］ make up of…是"某物由……组成或构成"。

many

［误］ I have many friends.

［正］ I have a lot of friends.

［析］ many和much多用于疑问句或否定句中，而在肯定句中则用处不多，尤其在非正式谈话中。如：

-How much money have you got?

-I've got plenty.

［误］ You bought much too tomatoes.

［正］ You bought too many tomatoes.

［析］ too many后接可数名词，too much后接不可数名词，而much too后面接形容词，意为"太多"。

［误］ For many a weeks it rained a lot.

［正］ For many a week it rained a lot.

［析］ many a意为"好多"、"许多"，但其后面要加单数名词

。

matter

［误］ No matter what you did.

［正］ No matter what you did, I trusted you.

［析］ No matter是个词组，意为"不论"，它的语法功能是起连接作用，所以不能用于一个单独的句子。

it doesn't matter这个词组则不是一个连接词组，所以可以和一个单句连用，如： It doesn't mater what you say. (你说什么都不要紧。)

maybe

［误］ May be he is right.

［正］ Maybe he is right.

［析］ maybe是副词，不要错用为may be.

maybe perhaps

这两个词的词意一样，maybe常用于非正式谈话，而perhaps则多用在正式文体中。如： Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better. 而Julius Caesar is perhaps the greatest of Shakespeare's early plays.

mend

［误］ I want to have my bike mended.

［正］ I want to have my bike repaired.

［析］ mend意为"缝补"，如： My mother mended my coat. 而repair是"修理"。

mind

［误］ Could you mind to close the door?

［正］ Could you mind closing the door?

［误］ Try to make up your mind studying hard.

［正］ Try to make up your mind to study hard.

［析］ mind用作动词时，其后加动名词；而用作名词意为"下定决心"时，其后要加不定式。要注意Do you mind if I smoke?的答语： 如果你不介意，应回答"No, go ahead."如果你不想让对方吸烟，则应讲"Yes, please don't."

miss

［误］ I found my bag missed.

［正］ I found my bag missing.

［析］ missing为形容词，其意为"不见了"、"丢了"。在句中用作宾语补足语时不要误用missed，它作动词时多为及物动词，要接名词或动名词，而不接不定式。如： I missed the first train, I don't want to miss seeing the famous football player.在作补足语讲某物"不见了"时有missing, gone, lost等，如： I found my bag missing (gone, lost).

mistake

［误］ I took your pen by wrong.

［正］ I took your pen by mistake.

［析］ by mistake是"错拿了"、"误拿了"你的东西。wrong意为"错误"，而by mistake为"弄混了"。如：

［误］ If I'm not wrong, you are Mr Brown.

［正］ If I'm not mistaken, you are Mr Brown. (如果我没弄错的话，您是Brown先生。)

［误］ The teachers always mistook me as my brother.

［正］ The teachers always mistook me for my brother.

［析］ mistake…for…是"错把……当作……"之意，如： I took your book for mine.

more

［误］ This book is more better than that one.

［正］ This book is much better than that one.

［析］ 不能用比较级来修饰比较级，而应用much, rather等来修饰比较级。

［误］ More you read, more you learn.

［正］ The more you read, the more you learn.

［析］在"越……越……的"表达法中，形容词的比较级前要加定冠词。请注意more than one这个词组的后面要跟单数名词和单数谓语动词。如： More than one student is going to do part time job after school.

no more than not morethan

no more than应译为"只不过"、"才"，如： He wrote no more than three books. 即他真正写了三本书。而not more than则意为"不会多于"，如： He wrote not more than three books. 即他写的书不会多于三本。又如： He is no shorter than you. 应译为"你和他都不矮"，而He is not shorter than you. 才应译为"他比你高。"

most

［误］ Most of students are good at English.

［正］ Most of the students are good at English.

［正］ Most students are good at English.

［析］ most of这一结构后面的名词前一定要有一个限定词。

［误］ My friends are most teachers.

［正］ My friends are mostly teachers.

［析］ mostly意为"大部分的"，"主要的"。

much

［误］ The boy was asleep very much.

［正］ The boy was fast asleep.

［析］ 不是所有的形容词都可以用very来修饰，如fast asleep意为"熟睡"，则是固定搭配。像interesting, exciting, surprising这些形容词化的现在分词，以及tired, interested这些形容词化的过去分词则要用very来修饰。

must

［误］ He must be in the office, and mustn't go home.

［正］ He must be in the office, and can't go home.

［析］ must加动词原形为对事情的肯定推测，而否定的推测则要用can't加动词原形。

［误］ It must have rained now.

［正］ It must have rained yesterday.

［析］ "must+have+过去分词"为对过去发生事情的推测。这句话应译为"昨天一定是下雨了。"又如： I must go and call him. He must have forgotten it.

must have to

must用来表示说话者觉得某件事有必要去做，如I must stop smoking. 其意为：我自己认为我要戒烟；而have to则多用来表达由于来自外界的因素而不得不去做的事，如： I have to go to school tomorrow.must无过去式，当用在讲过去某件必须要做的事时要用had to, 如： When I was young, I had to go to the factory.在否定句中mustn't意为：一定不要做某事，如： You mustn't tell this to Tom. 而haven't to则多意为没有必要去做，如： You don't have to tell this to Tom. 而英语中多用needn't 来取代haven't to.

myself

［误］ I can't play pingpong myself.

［正］ I can't play pingpong by myself.

［析］ 第一句并无语法错误，myself为"我亲自要去"，而by myself为"独自一人"。这句话要表达的意思是"我一个人无法打乒乓球。"而I want to play pingpong myself. 应译为"我自己想去打乒乓球。"

Ｎ

name

［误］ She was named of a flower.

［正］ She was named after a flower.

［析］ 以……命名应为name after，又如给某人取名应为The father named his son Tom.

near

［误］ We came near to hit him.

［正］ We came near to hitting him.

［析］ 这句话应译为"我们几乎要打他一顿。"near to这一用法中to为介词，其后要接宾语，所以要接名词或动名词。near作介词时其后可加to也可不加to，如： I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.

by near

We lived near the city. 与We lived by the city. 两句话都是对的，但其表达的意义有所不同，by在表达距离时比near更近，所以by the city是紧靠近某城市。

need

［误］ This room needs to clean.

［正］ This room needs to be cleaned.

［正］ This room needs cleaning.

［析］在表达某事需要做什么时，need后面如用不定式要用其被动态，如接动名词则要用主动态。

［误］ We need not to do it.

［正］ We needn't do it.

［析］ need用在否定句、疑问句中一般用作情态动词，所以无人称变化也不加to，而在肯定句中则多用作实意动词，如： We need your help.

neither

［误］ None of my parents is a teacher.

［正］ Neither of my parents is a teacher.

［析］ 对两者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情况。

［误］ I don't do my homework. Neither he does.

［正］ I don't do my homework. Neither does he.

［析］ 这时应用倒装句。

［误］ Neither you nor I are right.

［正］ Neither you nor I am right.

［析］ neither…nor… 这一句型在应用时其谓语动词应以邻近的主语一致。

［误］ Neither he studies nor plays.

［正］ Neither does he study nor play.

［析］ neither, hardly, seldom等否定词位于句首时，谓语动词采用倒装形式。

never

［误］ Never I have broken my word.

［正］ Never have I broken my word.

［析］ never用于句首时起强调作用，要用倒装语序。但用于句中一般放于情态动词、助动词、或be动词后面，如： I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成语中，如： Better late than never. (晚做比不做强。)never mind没关系，如： "What did you say?""Oh, never mind."

news

［误］ There are many news about the accident.

［正］ There is much news about the accident.

［析］ news是不可数名词，它没有复数形式，如果讲一条新闻要用a piece of news.

newspaper

［误］ I read the news on today's newspaper.

［正］ I read the news in today's newspaper.

［析］ 在报纸上读到某一条新闻一定要用介词in，而on the newspaper是指把某物放于报纸之上，如： May I put the flower on this newspaper?

night

［误］ I came home very late yesterday night.

［正］ I came home very late last night.

［析］ "昨晚"一般要讲last night，而不应参照"昨天上午、下午、傍晚"的说法yesterday morning等套用。

no none

no是个限定词，它可以用在可数名词单复数或不可数名词前，如： No news is good news. 但如果名词前有另一限定词时则不能用no，而要用none of，如None of the students was here.

no not

要使句子具有部分否定的意思，我们用not，如： I can see you tomorrow, but not Sunday. 如果是全部否定则用no，如Sorry, there is no time to talk.

No one none

no one与nobody一样不能接of结构，如： No one wished me good luck. 而要用of结构时要用none, 如： None of my friends wished me good luck.

nor

［误］ I never saw the painting before, or did I hear of it.

［正］ I never saw the painting before, not did I hear of it.

［析］注意在表达"既不……也不……"时不要用or作连词，而要用nor，并且要用倒装语序。

not

［误］ The students went to the park, but no the teachers.

［正］ The students went to the park, but not the teachers.

［析］ 要使一个句子或一个句子的某一部分为否定时我们要用not, 而不用no.

［误］ There is no my letter today.

［正］ There is no letter for me today.

［析］ no是一个限定词，用在名词前时，要注意这个名词前应没有冠词、物主代词或指示代词。

［误］ He not only was a writer but also an actor.

［正］ He was not only a writer but also an actor.

［析］ 在这一句型中not only之后的词与but also之后的词类必须一致，否则应为错句。如果这一结构用在主语位置，则谓语动词要与but also后面的主语保持一致，如： Not only you but also I am wrong.

nothing

［误］ Nothing but books were sold here.

［正］ Nothing but books was sold here.

［析］要注意真正的主语是nothing而不是books，所以这一结构在学生的使用中经常出错。

［误］ I have nothing to do but to cry.

［正］ I have nothing to do but cry.

［析］ 在这一结构中but后面要用省to的不定式。

number

［误］ A number of news can be heard on TV today.

［正］ A lot of news can be heard on TV today.

［析］ a number of后接可数名词复数。

［误］ The number of students are ten thousand.

［正］ The number of students is ten thousand.

［析］ a number of 其意为"大量的"，而the number of…是"某某的数量"。即the number of students意为"学生人数"，所以要用单数形式的谓语动词。