adblocker是什么:新东方在线英语习题精选12(六级)

　　网络与私隐

　　来自:新东方在线

　　热点作文12

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Internet and Piracy. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

　　1)网络几乎已经渗透到人们生活和工作的方方面面，包括我们的一些个人隐私

　　2)网络会对个人隐私产生哪些影响

　　3)你认为应该如何保障我们在网络上的个人隐私

　　【思路点拨】

　　本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析该现象带来的负面影响，提纲第3点要求说明应该如何防止该负面影响，由此可判断本文应为问题解决型作文。

　　根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述如今网络在人们生活和工作的重要地位，引出网络对隐私的侵犯这一问题;分析网络对个人隐私产生的主要影响;说明应该如何保障网络上的个人隐私。

　　【参考范文】

　　Internet and Piracy

　　Internet has penetrated into all the aspects of our life and work. We can study and work by it; we can find a job by it; we can communicate by it; we can entertain by it; we can buy and sell by it. We can do almost everything on the Internet, and almost anywhere anytime.

　　However, at the same time Internet provides services for us, it is inevitably invading our privacy to some degree. The services on most websites require our registering. If we want to enjoy these services, we have to provide much private information, including our names, gender, address, telephone number and sometimes bank account. Due to the poor Internet administration and weak network security, our information might be open, stolen or sold. Even sometimes the information will be misused by the criminals.

　　Considering the above-mentioned, we must enhance the alertness when using the Internet. First, when we need Internet service, we should always log on those big legal websites. Second, if the service requires important private information, you should think twice before you type in it.

　　来自:新东方在线

　　Passage Five (Women’s Positions in the 17th Century)

　　Social circumstances in Early Modern England mostly served to repress women’s voices. Patriarchal culture and institutions constructed them as chaste, silent, obedient, and subordinate. At the beginning of the 17th century, the ideology of patriarchy, political absolutism, and gender hierarchy were reaffirmed powerfully by King James in The Trew Law of Free Monarchie and the Basilikon Doron; by that ideology the absolute power of God the supreme patriarch was seen to be imaged in the absolute monarch of the state and in the husband and father of a family. Accordingly, a woman’s subjection, first to her father and then to her husband, imaged the subjection of English people to their monarch, and of all Christians to God. Also, the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons, tracts, and plays, detailing women’s physical and mental defects, spiritual evils, rebelliousness, shrewish ness, and natural inferiority to men.

　　Yet some social and cultural conditions served to empower women. During the Elizabethan era (1558—1603) the culture was dominated by a powerful Queen, who provided an impressive female example though she left scant cultural space for other women. Elizabethan women writers began to produce original texts but were occupied chiefly with translation. In the 17th century, however, various circumstances enabled women to write original texts in some numbers. For one thing, some counterweight to patriarchy was provided by female communities—mothers and daughters, extended kinship networks, close female friends, the separate court of Queen Anne (King James’ consort) and her often oppositional masques and political activities. For another, most of these women had a reasonably good education (modern languages, history, literature, religion, music, occasionally Latin) and some apparently found in romances and histories more expansive terms for imagining women’s lives. Also, representation of vigorous and rebellious female characters in literature and especially on the stage no doubt helped to undermine any monolithic social construct of women’s mature and role.

　　Most important, perhaps, was the radical potential inherent in the Protestant insistence on every Christian’s immediate relationship with God and primary responsibility to follow his or her individual conscience. There is plenty of support in St Paul’s epistles and elsewhere in the Bible for patriarchy and a wife’s subjection to her husband, but some texts (notably Galatians 3:28) inscribe a very different politics, promoting women’s spiritual equality: “There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Jesus Christ.” Such texts encouraged some women to claim the support of God the supreme patriarch against the various earthly patriarchs who claimed to stand toward them in his stead.

　　There is also the gap or slippage between ideology and common experience. English women throughout the 17th century exercised a good deal of accrual power: as managers of estates in their husbands’ absences at court or on military and diplomatic missions; as members of guilds; as wives and mothers who apex during the English Civil War and Interregnum (1640-60) as the execution of the King and the attendant disruption of social hierarchies led many women to seize new roles—as preachers, as prophetesses, as deputies for exiled royalist husbands, as writers of religious and political tracts.

　　What is the best title for this passage?

　　[A]. Women’s Position in the 17th Century.

　　. Women’s Subjection to Patriarchy.

　　[C]. Social Circumstances in the 17th Century.

　　[D]. Women’s objection in the 17th Century.

　　What did the Queen Elizabeth do for the women in culture?

　　[A]. She set an impressive female example to follow.

　　. She dominated the culture.

　　[C]. She did little.

　　[D]. She allowed women to translate something.

　　Which of the following is Not mention as a reason to enable women to original texts?

　　[A].Female communities provided some counterweight to patriarchy.

　　. Queen Anne’s political activities.

　　[C]. Most women had a good education.

　　[D]. Queen Elizabeth’s political activities.

　　What did the religion so for the women?

　　[A]. It did nothing.

　　. It too asked women to be obedient except some texts.

　　[C]. It supported women.

　　[D]. It appealed to the God.

　　Vocabulary

　　repress 压制，镇压，约束

　　patriarchy 族长制，家长制

　　chaste 贞洁的，高雅的

　　hierarchy 等级制

　　monarch 君主，最高统治

　　image 象征，反映

　　overtly 公开的，明显的

　　outpour 倾泻

　　sermon 布道，说教

　　tract 政治宗教，小册子传单

　　misogynist 反对妇女

　　shrewish 泼妇似的，爱骂街的

　　counterweight 抗衡

　　consort 配偶

　　masque 化装舞会

　　monolithic 铁板一样的，磐石般的

　　epistle 圣经新约中的使徒书

　　Galatians 新约圣经中加拉太书

　　inscribe 写，题写，铭记

　　难句译注

　　Also, the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons, tracts, and plays, detailing women’s physical and mental defects, spiritual evils, rebelliousness, shrewish ness, and natural inferiority to men.

　　[结构简析] 这是一种句型，年代，时间+see, find 等动词+宾语。

　　[参考译文] 这一时期出来许多约束或明显反对妇女的布道(教义)，小册子和戏剧，详细地描述了妇女精神上和肉体上的缺陷，精神罪恶，叛逆，凶狠，天生低于男人的品性。

　　Such texts encouraged some women to claim the support of God the supreme patriarch against the various earthly patriarchs who claimed to stand toward them in his stead.

　　[结构简析] in one’s stead 代替某人。

　　[参考译文] 这样的版本鼓励有些妇女去寻求最高家长，上帝的支持，以对抗各种各样凡间家长，他们声称替代上帝对付她们。

　　写作方法与文章大意

　　文章论述了17世纪英国妇女的地位，采用对比写作手法。一方面(第一段)英皇詹姆士重新以法律形式确定：家长制的思想体系，政治上集权主义，性别等级制。而思想意识是上帝的绝对权威;最高等级制体现在绝对君主政权上，体现在家庭的父亲和丈夫身上。所以妇女先对父亲，后对丈夫的服从体现了英国臣民对君权，全体基督徒对上帝的服从。那时代造就的妇女都是贞洁，沉默，服从，低下。

　　另方面，某些社会和文化因素赋予妇女以力量，首先是女皇伊丽莎白统治的时期，她本身就是一个强有力的榜样。其次一些妇女亲情关系，以及安娜女皇的分庭抗礼统治活动和舞会。再则是大多数活动妇女都受过良好教育。最重要的是有些圣经文本鼓吹妇女精神平等。

　　最后一段论述了英国妇女实际上有的已经掌握实权，如丈夫公务，他们管理庄园田产。

　　参考答案详解：

　　A. 17世纪英国妇女地位。见上面文章大意。

　　B. 妇女服从于家族制。 D. 17世纪妇女的反抗，都是A.内容中的一部分，不能作为最佳标题。 C. 17世纪英国社会形式，只能作为背景出现。

　　C. 她没有做什么。英女皇伊丽莎白在位时期间在文化上并没有妇女做过什么。这在第二段讲得很清楚。“伊丽莎白统治时期(1558——1603)，文化领域为强有里女皇所控制，她本人确实树立了令人难忘的妇女形象，可是她并没有为其它妇女能够创作一些东西。”见前面列出之原因和下一道题的A. B. C.

　　D. 伊丽莎白女皇的政治活动。这文内没有提及。

　　A. 妇女亲情网对家长制进行抗衡。 B. 安娜女皇的政治活动。 C. 大多数妇女都受过良好教育。这三项在第二段中都提到。“首先，妇女亲情关系，如母亲，女儿，他们的亲戚网，好友;安娜女皇单独的宫殿，她那对立的化装舞会和政治活动都和族长制予以抗衡。”

　　B. 除了某些文本外，它也要求妇女服从。第一段，见上述内容。第三段集中论述这一点。“也许，最重要的是基督教固有潜在激进性。它坚持主张每个基督徒和上帝的直接关系，坚持人首先责任是服从她或他的良知。在圣保罗使徒书以及在别的圣经中有许多对家长制，妻子对丈夫的服从支持。可是有些文本镌刻着一种完全不同的政治观点，鼓吹妇女精神平等：”人没有犹太和希腊之分，没有束缚或自由之分，没有男女之分，因为在耶酥基督面前，你们都是一样。“

　　A. 它什么也没有做。不对。 C. 它支持妇女。也不对，只有某些版本支持。 D. 它求助于上帝。它借上帝之名压制妇女。第一段：“因此，妇女首先服从父亲，然后服从丈夫，体现了(象征)英国人民服从他们的君主，所有基督徒服从上帝。”

　　来自:新东方在线

　　Passage 11

　　Closure is the positive felling you get when you

　　finish a task. Lack of closure results from the 1.________

　　panicked feeling that you still have a million things to

　　do. One way to obtain closure is divide a task into 2.________

　　manageable goals, list them, and check them off

　　your list as you finish them. For example, suppose

　　your historic teacher assigns three chapters to be 3.________

　　read. If your goal is to read all three chapters, you

　　may feel discouraged if you don’t complete the

　　reading at one time. A more effective way to

　　complete the assignment is to divide the reading into

　　smaller goals by thinking each chapter as a separate 4.________

　　goal. Thus you experience success as you complete.

　　each chapter. While you have completed the overall 5.________

　　goal, you know you have progressed toward it.

　　A second block to obtaining closure is unfinished

　　business. You may have several tasks with the same

　　deadline. If changing from one task to another serves 6. ________

　　as a break, changing tasks too often waste time. 7. ________

　　Each time you switch, you lose momentum. You

　　may be unable to change mental gears fast enough.

　　You may find yourself thinking about the old project

　　when you should be concentrating in the new one. In 8. ________

　　addition, when you return to your first task, you

　　have to review where you are and what steps were 9. ________

　　left for you to finish.

　　Often you solve this problem by determining

　　how much time you have free to work. If the time

　　available is short (i.e. ,an hour or less), you need to

　　work on only one task. Alternate tasks when you

　　have more time. Completing one task or a large

　　portion of a task attributes to the feeling of closure. 10.______

　　1.result from -> result in

　　2.is divide -> is to divide

　　3.historic teacher-> history teacher

　　4.think each chapter -> think∧of each chapter

　　5.have completed-> have∧not completed

　　6.If->Although

　　7.waste -> wastes

　　8.concentrate in -> concentrate on

　　9.review where you are->review where you were

　　10.attributes to -> contribute to

　　[2010六级] 12月六级翻译冲刺专项训练(21)

　　来自:新东方在线

　　1. _______________ (随着工商业的发展),the number of trees in many big cities has dramatically reduced.

　　2. Travel can widen our knowledge, _____________ (扩大我们的眼界),and make one open-minded as well.

　　3. Cars are responsible for most of the smog in cities, _______________ (这已经对环境造成了严重的污染).

　　4.Modernization will be entirely possible in the first half of the 21st century, as long as we ________________(坚持认为)that economic development is the center of all our work.

　　5. He was convinced on the basis of ____________(当时已出现的情况)that there would be a long and difficult struggle.

　　参考答案+解说：

　　1. With industries and business developing quickly

　　解析：本句意为：随着工商业的发展，许多大城市的树木数量正急剧减少。“随着……”要用介词with或along with。“工商业”既包括工业也包括商业，翻译时要注意译文的完整性。本句也可译成：With the quick development of industries and business.

　　2. broaden our horizon

　　解析：句中的短语widen our knowledge意思是“扩大我们的眼界”，make one open-minded是同义复指，它们表示相同的意思却在英语里使用不同的表达，以避免用词重复。这是英语行文的一个技巧，考生在翻译时应尽量避免wordiness(用词累赘)，这个技巧在写六级作文时也值得借鉴。本句还可以译成：expand our vision或extend our sight.

　　3. which has seriously polluted the environment

　　解析：“这已经对环境造成了严重的污染”中的“这”显然是指前半句提到的the smog in cities，这里需要的是一个非限制性定语从句，补充说明城市烟雾对环境的影响。本句还可以译成：which has brought serious pollution to the environment。

　　4. hold an idea/ insist on the idea/ stick to the idea

　　解析：本句意为：只要我们坚持以经济建设为中心，那么在21世纪上半叶实现现代化是完全可能的。本题考查固定短语“坚持认为”的说法。除了答案提供的说法外还有以下说法大家可以参考：persist in the idea/ persevere in the idea/ adhere to the idea等。

　　5. what had appeared by then

　　解析：“情况”在这里没必要直译成situation或case，本句含义是指基于当时的情况使他确信，因而可以用what引导作basis后置定语。还有一点需要注意的是，“当时已出现”要求我们在翻译时准确选择时态。by then与过去完成时态想一致，也可以用at that time。

　　[2010六级] 12月六级强化特训：长难句翻译(23)

　　来自:新东方在线

　　111. "The Tempest" is one of the most original and perfect of Shakespeare's production, and he has shown in it all the variety of his powers. It is full of grace and grandeur. The human and imaginary characters the dramatic and grotesque are blended together with the greatest art, and without any appearance. (Hezlet)

　　[参考译文]《暴风雨》是莎士比亚最为别具一格，最完美的作品之一。他在本剧中表现了自己多方面的造诣。这个剧本意境优美，气势雄伟。他以炉火纯青的技巧把现实的人物和想象的人物，把逼真性和怪诞性熔为一炉，丝毫不露斧凿之痕。

　　112. Before the talks started, the two sides reached an understanding on confidentiality of the contents of the talks. Now, without prior consultations with the Chinese side, the British side had published in the White Paper entitled Representative Government in Hong Kong, by which it has unilaterally released the contents of the talks, and in which it has distorted and attacked China's position. This move of Britain was designed to shirk its responsibility for the rupture of the talks. The Chinese side therefore cannot but bring to light the facts in order to help people know the truth.

　　[参考译文]会谈前，双方曾达成会谈内容不向外界透露的谅解。现在，英方在未经与中方磋商的情况下，发表了《香港代议政制》白皮书，单方面公布了会谈内容。对中方的立场进行歪曲和攻击，企图推卸破坏会谈的责任。对此，中方不得不公布有关事实真相，以正视听。

　　113. During the first three rounds of the talks, the Chinese side made it plain that as the two sides had agreed upon the three principles as the basis for the talks, it believed it is important for the British side to first of all confirm the agreements and understandings previously reached between the two sides, for this was the only way to enable the talks to move on the right track. If it was reluctant to do so and wanted to amend or overturn them, then it would be impossible to ensure compliance of future agreements.

　　[参考译文]在第一轮到第三轮会谈中，中方提出。既然双方已经同意以三项原则作为会谈的基础。中方要求英方首先对双方过去达成的协议和谅解加以确认。这样才能使会谈沿着正确的轨道前进。如对过去已达成的协议和谅解不愿确认而要加以修改或推翻的话，那就无法保证今后达成的协议会得到遵守。

　　114. From the time when our caveman ancestors gnawed their wild pig bones in front of their smoking fire to our own days when we sit around a table spread with snowy linen and shining silver, we have the history of the change in eating habits from the simple satisfaction of hunger to the meal as a delightful, if rather complex, social institution.

　　[参考译文]从前我们穴居的祖先在烟雾弥漫的篝火前啃咬野猪骨头，其目的只是为了充饥裹腹。今天，我们围坐在铺着雪白桌布，摆着明亮银餐具的餐桌周围进餐，吃饭已变成了一种相当复杂、但又令人愉快的社会习俗。这就是我们饮食习惯变革的历史。

　　115. A glance was sufficient to inform the eye that was Susan Hen Chard's grown-up daughter. While life's middle summer had set its hardening mark on the mother's face, her former spring-like specialities were transferred so dexterously by time to the second figure, her child, that the absence of certain facts within her mother's knowledge from the girl's mind would have seemed for the moment, to one reflecting on those facts to be a curious imperfection in Nature's power of continuity. (Thomas Hardy: "The Mayor of Casterbridge")

　　[参考译文]只要瞥一眼就能看出这是苏珊.亨.察德已届豆蔻年华的女儿，当生命的仲夏在母亲的脸庞上留下冷酷的印记，而母亲早年春天般的少女风韵又被“时光”如此巧妙地传递给另一血肉之躯---她的女儿身上，以致母亲所知道的一些家庭隐私，女儿反而茫然 ，这对知道那些内情的人来说，似乎自然的遗传仍有其奇特的缺陷。