慈善组织认定向哪个:理财教育务必从娃娃抓起

理财教育要从6岁左右的小娃娃抓起，“有娃的”赶紧补课！“即将有娃的”、“娃会有的”的各位童鞋上预备课喽～

Youcan also help your son learn from your mistakes. But if you wait toolong to teach him then he’s not going to listen. Remember, he’llprobably be just like you when you were a teenager: He’ll be stubborn,thickheaded and he’ll think he knows everything.

你也可以帮助孩子从你的错误中吸取教训。但是不要等到他长大不听话了才去教育他。记住，他很可能跟你小时候一样：又倔又幼稚的以为自己什么都明白了。

He’sa little bit more open to you when he’s six years old and in the firstgrade. That’s also when they’ll start to teach him about money in school-- how to add quarters, dimes and nickels. So, start giving him somebasic money management lessons. And remember, if you tell him something,he’ll probably forget it. If you teach it to him, he might remember.But if you involve him, he’ll learn. To make it easier for you (andhim), here are the four most important lessons to teach your son aboutpersonal finance.

孩子六岁左右上小学一年级的时候会更听话一些。这个时候也恰是学校开始教他关于“钱”这一概念的时候——怎样加25分硬币、10分硬币、5分硬币。所以，开始教他一些基本的理财课程吧。但要记住，如果你要“告诉”他事情，他很可能会忘记；如果你要“教给”他事情，他可能会记住；唯有让他自己“亲历去做”事情，他才能够学会。为了让你方便教育孩子（也为了孩子），我这儿准备了四堂教育孩子个人理财的最有用的课程。

1- You have to earn money

第一堂课 必须自己赚钱

Somepeople like to give their kids allowances as a way of teaching them howto manage money. That might be fine at first, but eventually he’s goingto have to understand that adulthood doesn’t come with an allowance.You have to earn money and you earn money by working -- and working isgenerally hard. If he understands you don’t come across money easilythen he’ll understand that money has value. He’ll also be less likely toblow it on high-end video game systems when the rent is due.

有些家长倾向于给孩子零用钱来教育孩子怎样管钱。这种方法起初看起来很好，但他最终不得不明白成人以后是没人给他零用钱的。一个人不得不自己赚钱而且是通过工作来赚钱——通常工作都是很辛苦的。只有明白父母赚钱不容易了，他才能理解钱是有价值的。他也就不会再房租到期的时候把钱花光买高档游戏机了。

Gethim involved: Give your son chores to do around the house. Make surethe chores are somewhat hard for him. It’s even a good thing if hecomplains about doing them. If he does a good job, tell him so and payhim a little bit of money. Money might not mean much to him when he’s inthe first grade, but he’ll understand its value soon enough. When hedoes, he’ll understand that earning it involves some sacrifice.

让他参与进来：让孩子做些屋里屋外的家务。挑那些对他来说有点难度的。他如果抱怨不想去做倒是件好事。如果他可以做好，就许诺他并且给他点奖金作为报酬。在他小学一年级的时候钱对于他来说可能没什么意义，但他会很快明白钱的价值的。一旦他做了，他就会明白赚钱是要付出代价的。

2- You have to follow your money

第二堂课 必须记录费用支出

Thereare all kinds of online tools and spreadsheets to help track yourspending. Nearly all of them will stress the importance of dividing yourpurchases between your “needs” (groceries, rent/mortgage, insurancepremiums) and your “wants” (bar tabs, weekend trips to Vegas). Theimplication, of course, is that if you are overspending then you need tocut your “wants” spending.

有很多种在线工具和电子表格可以帮助人们跟踪记录消费情况。几乎所有的工具都会告诫人们把消费划分为“必要花费”（食杂，房租/按揭贷款，保险）和“可选花费”（酒吧小酌，周末拉斯维加斯旅行）。这意味着如果超支了就要削减“可选花费”了。

Itsounds like common sense, right? Well, so is the key to losing weight:diet and exercise. Still, there are millions of overweight people in theworld and bookstores are packed with all of the “secret,” “painless”and “miracle” ways to lose weight. Make sure your son knows that thereare no secret/painless/miracle personal finance tips, either. You haveto understand what you are spending your money on and make adjustmentsaccordingly.

这听起来就是常识，对不对？好吧，大家都知道减肥的关键是：节食与锻炼。但全世界仍然有数以百万记的肥胖人群，书店里仍有着标榜着“减肥秘诀”、“轻松减肥”和“特效减肥”之类标语的各种减肥书。要让你的孩子知道在个人理财的概念里没有秘诀、轻松、特效任何一条是可行。要让他明白钱都花在哪儿了，是怎么合理分配的。

Gethim involved: This finance lesson to teach your son involves sittingdown with him and drawing two columns on a blank piece of paper. Titleone column “Needs” and the other “Wants.” Ask him to help you fill ineach column for all of the items you spend money on each month. Explainwhy each item is a need or a want, making sure he understands what theconsequences will be if you don’t pay the mortgage, car payment, buygroceries, and so on. You’ll be able to reinforce this lesson every timeyou’re in a store with him and he begs for candy or a new toy. Ask him,“Is that a need or a want?”

让他参与进来：这堂课要让你的孩子与你一起坐下来，在空白纸上画出两列。一列叫“必要花费”，另一列叫“可选花费”。让他帮你把每个月的所有花费项目分列填好。告诉他每一项为什么归到那一类，让他明白你不付按揭贷款，不付汽车开销，不买食杂用品的后果是什么。也可以在每次孩子随你一起购物的时候给他来个强化课，当他想要买糖果或新玩具的时候问问他：“这样东西是必要的还是可选的呢？”

3- You have to save money

第三堂课 必须要存钱

Onceyou teach him the concept of “needs vs. wants,” you can move on tostress the importance of savings, specifically the importance ofpenciling in “savings” as an item in the “needs” section.

一旦你教会了他第二堂课所涉及的概念，就可以继续下一步强调存钱的重要性了，特别是省下将来用在“必要花费”中项目的钱。

Firsttell him how important it is to have a short-term emergency savingsaccount. If he has one, then it means that he won’t have to go into debtwhen his car breaks down, he loses his job or some other unforeseeableemergency happens to him. Then tell him that having a long-term savingsaccount means he’ll be able to buy a house at an earlier age, start hisown business before he has a family and be able to live comfortably whenhe’s his grandfather’s age.

首先要告诉他有一个短期紧急储蓄账户的重要性。如果有了这个账户，就意味着一旦诸如遇到车坏了、工作丢了或其他不可预见的紧急情况发生时就不必举债度日了。然后告诉他有一个长期储蓄账户可以让他在更年轻的时候就可以买得起一个房子，可以在组建家庭前开创自己的事业，可以在年迈的时候过得更舒服一些。

Gethim involved: Let him keep 1/3 of the money he makes from doing choresin a piggy bank in his room. But tell him you are going to keep track ofthe rest of the money with 1/3 going to an account that he can use forthings while he’s still young and 1/3 going to an account that he canhave when he turns 18. As these amounts grow larger, you can open up asavings account for him at the bank so he can track his money online.

让他参与进来：让他留下做家务零活所得的三分之一放在存钱罐或他房间里随用。但也要告诉他你会监督用另外三分之一的零用钱建立一个可以近期支出使用的短期户头，最后三分之一建立不满18岁不可以使用的长期户头。当这些户头上的钱多起来的时候，就给他在银行开一个储蓄账户让他可以自己在网上查阅他的现金流。

4- You can’t spend what you don’t have

第四堂课 必须量入为出

Ifyou teach your son no other lesson (financial or otherwise), teach himthis: Live within your means. Don’t spend more than you make. Mostfinancial hardships come down to people not being able to abide by thisone simple precept. If your son “gets it,” then you’ve done him a hugefavor that he’ll thank you for later.

什么都可以不教（理财或其他方面），但必须教会他：量入为出。不可以超出自己能力范围花钱。很多面临财务困境的人都是因为没有遵守这个简单的理念。如果你的孩子“明白了”，你就帮了他一个大忙，以后他必定感谢你。

Whenpeople do spend money on things they can’t afford, they go into debt.And credit card debt can take years to pay off.  If you can teach yourson at an early age how credit card companies make money, he’ll probablyhave an edge on his peers when he gets to college.

一旦人们买了他们承担不起的东西，就会陷入债务危机。还信用卡债务可能要分期数年。如果你在你孩子小的时候就教他明白信用卡公司是靠什么赚钱的，当他上大学的时候他就很可能比他的伙伴们都要强了。

Gethim involved: Go back to your “needs and wants” columns. Ask him whathappens if he is only earning $100 per month but he is spending $75 onboth needs and wants. He’ll have to borrow the extra $50 -- so after oneyear he’ll owe a credit card $600 plus interest. Use an onlinecalculator to do a “time value of money” calculation that shows him howmuch debt you can run up when you’re using a credit card that charges17% interest. Then show him how long it will take to pay it off if youonly make the minimum payment. Make sure he understands that the moreeconomical solution would be to cut $25 from the ”wants” column.

让他参与进来：回到第二堂课提到的“必要与可选”列表。问他如果他每个月就赚100美元但必要和可选两个列表的花费都是75美元时该怎么办。他不得不借贷额外的50美元——一年后他就拥有了一张600美元账单加利息的信用卡。用在线计算器做一个“金钱的时间成本”的计算，然后告诉他当他用一张利息17%的信用卡时会有多少债务滚滚而来。然后告诉他每月只还最低还款时他将用多久才能还完账单。必须让他明白把“可选”列的项目削减25美元才是更经济的解决之道。

finance lessons to teach your son

给孩子的理财课

Ifyou want him to learn to hit a baseball, you don’t sit him down anddescribe Albert Pujols’ s swing. You take him in the backyard and pitchto him. It’s the same with money management. He’ll forget your lectures-- but he’ll learn when you get him involved.

如果你要让孩子学会打棒球，你就不要只是坐下来给他描述阿尔伯特·普侯斯的挥棒有多帅（译注：Albert Pujols，美国职棒红雀队的一垒手，年薪1600万美刀，超级大牛）。你要把孩子带到场地去然后投球给他。财务管理也是同样的道理。他会忘了你的说教，但一旦自己参与进来他就融会贯通了。

译后记：个人觉得老外的方法很实用，授人鱼不如授人以渔就是这么个道理，不能让我们的孩子再像我们小时候一样懵懵懂懂了。