沈婉纳兰容若的结局:研读高考试题，剖析状语从句

纵观历年高考试题，状语从句是高考中从句考查的重点，也是提高听、说、读、写能力必备的基础。掌握好这一语言现象，对巩固语言知识、发展语言应用能力有极大的帮助。

一、状语从句的分类及常用连词 

1．时间状语从句 ：when , whenever , while , as (当…时), since , till , until , before , after , once , as soon as , the moment , the instant , the minute , the second , the day (在…那天 ), immediately , directly , instantly , no sooner …than , hardly(scarcely )… when , every time (每当… ) , by the time , the first time , the last time ,etc .

2．地点状语从句：where (在…的地方) , wherever , everywhere (在每…地方) 

3．原因状语从句 : as , because , since (既然, 由于) , now (that ) , seeing that(既然) ,considering (that ) (因为, 考虑到) ,not that …but that  ,in that (因为, 既然) ,etc . 

4．条件状语从句 ：if , unless , as (so ) long as , on condition that (如果,中…条件下) , as (so ) far as , in case , suppose / supposing (that ) ,providing / provided (that ) (假如), only if（只要）, if only（但愿），while （只要），

5．让步状语从句 ：though , although , even if / though , whatever , wherever , whoever , however , no matter , while (虽然，尽管), for all (that )（尽管） , whether …or （不论…还是）, granting / granted (that )（即使）,etc . 

6．比较状语从句 ：(not )as …as … , (not )the same…than … , the more …the more… , not so as(不如) ，(not )such …as … , etc . 

7．方式状语从句 ：as(象…) , as if / though , the way (..的方式 ，…的样子) 

8．目的状语从句 ：so that , in case , in order that , for fear that（以防）, that（为了，以便）, lest（以防）,etc . 

9．结果状语从句 ：so that , so. ..that ,such …that , to such a degree（如此..以致于）,that(以致于) ,etc . 

二、高考对状语从句的考查方向主要体现在以下五个方面：

（I）从句意出发，正确判断状语从句的类型，选好连词。

1．Allow children the space to voice their opinions , ______ they are different from your own .  [’05 湖南]                                          

A．until        B．even if         C．unless        D．as though

[解析]此句由even if 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然、即使”。故选[ B ] . 

2．_____modeling business is by no means easy to get into , the good model will always be in demand . [‘04浙江]

A．While        B．Since          C．As         D．If

[解析]此句由while 引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，故选[A]

3．John plays football ______ , if not better than , David .  [’94 NMET]

A．as well       B．so well        C．as well as        D．so well as

[解析]此句if not better than 作插入语 ，是条件状语从句if John doesn’t play better than David 的省略形式，故选[C]

4．—Dad ,I’ve finished my assignment .

—Good , and ______ you play or watch TV , you mustn’t disturb me . 

A．whenever       B．whether        C．whatever       D．no matter

[解析]本句由引导whether …or 让步状语从句，意为“不论是否…”、“不管是…还是”，符合此句语意，故选[B]  

（Ⅱ）从语境出发，抓住主从句之间的时态呼应。

1．--- What would you do if it _____ tomorrow ?

  --- we have to carry it on , since we’ve got everything ready .     [‘05NMET]

A．rain      B．rains     C．will rain     D．is raining   

[解析]此句由if 引导的条件状语从句，如果从句表示将来的概念，从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时，故选[B].

2．Rainforests _____ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future . [’02 上海春招]

A．cut     B．are cut    C．are being cut     D．had been cut

[解析]由从句语境可以判断，表示现在正在发生的动作对将来可能造成影响，故选[C] 

3．If only he ____ quietly as the doctor instructed , he would not suffer so much now . [‘00上海]

A．lies        B．lay          C．had lain          D．should lie

[解析]此句由If only 引导虚拟条件句，表示与过去的事实相反，所以从句用过去完成时，故选[C ]

（Ⅲ）注意状语从句与非谓语动词作状语的联系与区别。

1．_____ blood if you can and many lives will be saved .      [‘00上海]

A．Giving      B．Give        C．Given         D．To give

[解析]此题if you can是条件状语从句，如果把这个句子转化为____ blood and many lives will be saved就可以断定为“祈使句+and +一般陈述句”的句型，故选[B]

2． _____ your composition carefully , some spelling mistakes can be avoided .   [‘99上海]

A．Having checked   B．Checked     C．If you check   D．To check   

[解析]当句子的主语与分词的主语不一致时，分词必须有自己的主语，故此题只能选[C] 

（Ⅳ）掌握特殊连词的含义，选好连词，有利于对句子的理解。 

1．Human being are different from animals ______ they can use language as a tool to communicate .

A．in which       B．for that       C．in that       D．for which

[解析]in that 作连词，意思为“因为”，故选[C ] 

2．---Did you punish him for that ?  

---No .I remember how young he was then _____I had to excuse him.

A．that          B．when         C．for which      D．as

[解析]that作连词，引导结果状语从句，意思为“以致于”，故选[A ]

3．English words are not always spelt _____ they are pronounced . 

A．in the way      B．in which       C．the way      D．that

[解析] the way 引导方式状语从句，意思为“…的方式/ 样子”,故选[C ] 

（Ⅴ）掌握状语从句特殊语序，做到表达正确。

1．It is reported that the United Stated uses ______ energy as the whole of Europe .   [’04 广西]

A．as twice     B．twice much     C．twice much as    D．twice as much

[解析] 此题由as …as 引导的比较状语从句，表一方是另一方若干倍时，用“…times +as +形容词原级+ as… ”故选[D ]  

2．It was _____back home after the experiment .           [’04 湖北]

A．not until midnight did he go        B．until midnight that he didn’t go

C．not until midnight that he went      D．until midnight when he didn’t go

[解析]在强调not …until的句型中，not 必须放在It be 之后，故选[C ]

3．In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go ,______ .

A．our holiday will be better          B．our holiday will be the better

C．the better our holiday will be       D．the better will our holiday be

[解析] 此题是倒装的让步状语从句，结构为“the +比较级+…,the +比较级+…”故选[C]

巩固练习：请选出最佳答案。

1．_____,I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John [‘01上海]

A．As long as I have traveled        B．Now that I have traveled so much

C．Much as I have traveled          D．As I have traveled so much

2．It_____ long before we _____the result of the experiment .    [‘02上海春招]

A．will not be ;will know        B．is; will know

C．will not be ; know           D．is; know

3．The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____whether he was going in the right direction.  [‘03皖春招]

A．seeing      B．having seen      C．to be seen      D．to see

4．We were in _____when we left that we forgot the airline tickets  [‘03上海]

A．a rush so anxious              B．a such anxious rush

C．so an anxious rush             D．such an anxious rush

5．He made a mistake ,but then he corrected the situation _____it got worse.

A．until       B．when        C．before       D．as  [‘03北京]

6．Don’t be afraid of asking for help ______ it is needed.

A．unless      B．since           C．although         D．when

7．---I’m going to the post office.

---______ you are there ,can you get me some stamps?  [‘99NMET ]

A．As         B．While           C．Because         D．If

8．Why do you want a new job ____you’ve got such a good one already?

A．that        B．where       C．which        D．when     [‘98NMET]

9．He _____to the lab than he set out to do the experiment.        [‘99上海]

A．has no sooner got         B．no sooner got

C．will no sooner get          D．had no sooner got

10．I thought her nice and honest _____I met her.       [‘98上海]

A．first time    B．for the first time   C．the first time    D．by the first time

11．_____you’ve got a chance , you might as well make full use of it .

A．Now that      B．After       C．although      D．As soon as

12． _____my feet remain standing above the water lever , there is hope .

A．When         B．while          C．As          D．So that

13．Not until all the fish died in the river ______how serious the pollution was.

A．did the villagers realize          B．the villagers realize

C．the villagers did realize          D．didn’t the villagers realize

14．______for the free tickets ,I wouldn’t have gone to the films so often .

A．If it is not     B．were it not    C．Had it not been     D．If they were not

15．So difficult _____it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well .   

A．I have felt    B．have I felt     C．I did feel     D．did I feel

Keys：1—5 CCDDC   6—10 DBDDC    11—15  ABACD