天子传奇漫画有几部:疫苗对乳腺癌卵巢癌的治疗带来希望

       在晚期乳腺癌和卵巢癌病人的小范围研究中，一种可诱导机体攻击肿瘤的疫苗为治疗带来了曙光，改善了患者的总生存期，并可使部分乳腺癌病情停止进展。

The PANVAC vaccine, administered to 26 women through monthly shots, helped the body's immune system recognize proteins produced specifically by cancer cells, said study author Dr. James Gulley, director and deputy chief of the clinical trials group at the Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology at the U.S. National Cancer Institute.

       这项研究论文的作者詹姆斯加里，是美国国家癌症研究所肿瘤免疫与生物实验室的临床试验分组的负责人和副主任。他解释道，PANVAC疫苗，对26名妇女的每月定期注射，以帮助机体免疫系统识别癌症细胞所产生的特定蛋白。

All of the women had breast or ovarian cancer that had spread to other organs and were considered "heavily pre-treated" with other therapies, with 21 having received at least three chemotherapy regimens. In addition to the four breast cancer patients whose disease stopped progressing, one woman with breast cancer experienced a "complete response," meaning her cancer disappeared.

      接受免疫疗法研究的妇女，均处于乳腺癌或卵巢癌的全身广泛转移阶段，并接受过其他治疗剂量很大的预处理，同时其中21人接受了至少3个疗程的化疗。在接受了免疫疗法后，除了4名乳腺癌的患者疾病停止进展外，一名乳腺癌患者还达到了完全缓解，意味着肿瘤的消失。

The study is published Nov. 8 in the journal Clinical Cancer Research.

      这篇研究论文发表于11月8日的临床肿瘤研究杂志上。

"Anytime we have one type of biologic treatment demonstrate some success, it's exciting," said Dr. Elizabeth Poynor, a gynecologic oncologist and pelvic surgeon at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City, who was not involved in the study. "No matter how small the study is -- and early studies will be small -- when we have positive results on a particular technique, it's a very hopeful thing. These are our most difficult patients to treat; they have failed multiple therapies."

       “任何时候我们发现了一种生物治疗并取得一些成功，这总是令人兴奋。”纽约诺克斯山医院的妇科肿瘤及骨盆手术专家伊丽莎白普利钠说道，而她并没有参与该项研究。“无论研究范围多小--并且本身前期研究样本数量就不多--当我们通过特别的技术取得阳性的结果时，这总是一件充满希望的事情。这些患者是临床上最难治疗的，他们对多种治疗是不显效的。”

Indeed, most participants -- whose average age was 57 -- had exhausted  other forms of treatment, Gulley said, which likely hampered their immune systems from responding as fully to the vaccine as they otherwise might have. As therapeutic vaccines become more established, Gulley said they might prove even more effective in patients whose disease is less advanced.

      事实上，研究中的大多数患者（平均年龄在57岁），都因为其它形式的治疗而精疲力竭。加里说道，而这将会阻碍免疫系统对疫苗发生可能存在的足够的反应。加里认为，当免疫治疗理论建立起来后，他们会在偏早期的癌症病人身上取得更好的疗效。

"That's exactly what I'd like to eventually see -- the vaccine used earlier in the disease process before other [toxic drugs] that can damage the immune system," he said. "I think it makes more sense, when the immune system is more likely to overcome a lower tumor burden. Until recently we haven't seen a lot of substantial clinical impact of vaccines . . . I think this gives us a better level of confidence."

      加里说，“这才是我最终想看到的，肿瘤疫苗应用于疾病进展早期，在化疗药物消灭免疫系统之前，我认为这会更有意义，免疫系统会克服掉更低的肿瘤负荷。直到现在，我们也没有发现疫苗严重的临床副作用，这给了我们更多的自信。“

Among the 12 study participants with breast cancer, the median time before the disease continued to progress was 2.5 months and the median overall survival was 13.7 months. For the 14 patients with ovarian cancer, the median time to progression was two months and the median overall survival was 15 months.

      在12个乳腺癌患者的调查中，疾病至进展期的中位时间是2.5个月，中位总生存期是13.7个月。14个卵巢癌患者调查中，疾病知进展期中位时间是2个月，中位总生存期是15个月。

Side effects from the vaccine were exceedingly mild, with minor injection-site reactions the most common problem reported.

       疫苗的副作用非常轻微，大多数报道来自注射部位的轻微反应。

The PANVAC vaccine, containing certain genes that encourage the immune system to recognize and destroy tumor cells, was previously studied in 70 patients with advanced colorectal cancer, Gulley said. While the time before disease progression was similar between patients who did and did not receive the vaccine, the overall survival time in the vaccine group was "strikingly better," he noted.

      包含了特定基因以激发免疫系统攻击肿瘤细胞的PANVA疫苗被预先使用与70名晚期大肠癌的患者中，加里说道。接受疫苗注射和未接受者至疾病进展期类似，但他特别强调，总生存期则有了很大的改善。

"This is an exciting step forward," said Dr. David Fishman, a professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive science at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City. "The ultimate goal would be to identify unique proteins in an individual patient's cancer and use vaccines unique to that patient."

      ”这是个令人兴奋的开端“，纽约西奈山医学中心妇科与生殖科专家大卫费什曼说道，”最终目的是确定肿瘤患者体内的特定蛋白，并使用对应的特定疫苗作用于该患者。“