昆明仲裁委员会:陈冠商英语背诵文选2

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1

APRIL DAYS

By Hamlin Garland

Days(1) of witchery, subtly sweet,

When every hill and tree finds heart(2),

When winter and spring like lovers meet

In the mist of noon and part --

In the April days.

Nights; when the wood frogs faintly peep(3)

Once -- twice -- and then are still,

And the woodpeckers' martial voices sweep

Like bugle notes from, hill to hill,--

Through the pulseless haze(4).

Days when the soil is warm with rain,

And through the wood the shy wind steals,

Rich with the pine' and the poplar smell,

And the joyous earth like: a dancer reels(5)--

Through, April days!

 

*注释

(1)Days: 第二节诗的中心词其他部分都是用来修饰它 的,其中of witchery和subtly sweet是词组作定语,而when every hill and tree…和when winter and spring…是两个修饰中心词的定语从句。第二节中以Nights为中心词,第三节中再以Days为中心词。每一节都可以看作一个独立的句子。

(2)finds heart:重现生机勃勃的景象。此语系诗人借习语"lose heart"反其义而用之,以拟人的手法,喻冬去春来,萧索的万木重现生机。

(3)peep:拟声词,代表小动物(鸟、鼠等)的尖叫声,这里用作动词。

(4)haze:和上一节第四行中的mist意义上没有什么差别,都代表"一片薄雾",但是它和第一节及第三节末行的days押韵。

(5)reels:翩翩起舞。动词reel作此解系来自其名词形式。在美国英语中,reel可作Virginia reel(一种乡村舞蹈)的省略形式。诗人以大地起舞结束全诗,以拟人手法进一步渲染了浓郁的春意。

 

四月的日子                     

                                                                    哈姆林·加兰

迷人的日子,发出飘逸的幽香。

每座山和每棵都焕发出生机,

冬天和春天像情人一样 

在正午的雾霭中相聚又分离——

在这四月的日子里。

 

夜晚,树蛙在轻轻地叫,

一下——两下——接着一片寂静,

啄木鸟威武的嗓音

象军号声越过重重山峦——

穿过无声无息的雾气。

 

在那些日子里,雨水浸润的土地发出暖气,

羞怯的分悄悄地穿过树林,

满载着松树和白杨的清香,

还有欢乐的大地,像舞蹈家一样翩翩起舞——

在这整个四月的日子里!

 

2

Letter to Mrs. Bixby(1)

Executive Mansion(2),

Washington,

Nov. 21, 1864 

Mrs. Bixby,

Boston, Massachusetts,

 

Dear Madam, 

I have been shown in the files of the War Department(3) a statement of the Adjutant General of Massachusetts that you are the mother of five sons who have died gloriously on the field of battle. I feel how weak and fruitless must be any words of mine which should attempt to beguile you from the grief of a loss so overwhelming. But I cannot refrain from tendering to you the consolation that may be found in the thanks of the Republic they died to save. I pray that our heavenly Father may assuage the anguish of your bereavement, and leave you only the cherished memory of the loved and lost(4), and the solemn pride that must be yours to have laid so costly a sacrifice upon the altar of freedom. 

       Yours very sincerely and respectfully,

               Abraham Lincoln

*注释

(1)Mrs. Bixby: 一位美国妇女。她的五个儿子都在南北战争中光荣牺牲,林肯总统知道这事后,就写了这封信去慰问她 

(2)Executive Mansion:美国总统府,现在叫白宫(White House )。 

(3)War Department:陆军部。也可以说Department of War;相当于英国的War Office。 

(4)the loved and lost:失去了的亲人。 

 

致比克斯比夫人的信

 

华盛顿

总统府

一八六四年十一月二十一日 

马萨诸塞州,波士顿

比克斯比夫人

 

亲爱的夫人: 

在送我披阅的陆军部档案中,我看到一份马萨诸塞州陆军副官长写的报告,说您便是有五个儿子光荣牺牲在战场上的那位母亲。我深深感到,无论我用什么言词,企图来排遣如此巨大的损失给您带来的悲痛,都一定是无力和徒劳的。但我还是抑制不住要向您表示慰问,这种慰问体现在您的儿子们献身拯救的共和国对您的感谢之中。我祈求我们的天父减轻您的丧子之痛,使您只怀有对于已故亲人的美好回忆和庄严的自豪感,您有这种自豪感是理所当然的,因为您在自由的祭坛上献出了代价如此昂贵的牺牲。 

               您的最诚挚的亚伯拉罕·林肯

 

3

An Important Aspect Of College Life

Thomas Woodrow Wilson

It is perfectly possible to organize the life of our colleges in such a way that students and teachers alike will take part in it; in such a way that a perfectly natural daily intercourse will be established between them; and it is only by such an organization that they can be given real vitality as places of serious training(1), be made communities in which youngsters will come fully to realize(2) how interesting intellectual work is, how vital, how important, how closely associated with(3) all modern achievement- only by such an organization that study can be made to seem part of life itself. Lectures often seem very formal and empty things; recitations generally prove very dull and nrewarding. 

It is in conversation and natural intercourse with scholars chiefly that you find how lively knowledge is, how it ties into everything that is interesting and important, how intimate a part it is of everything that is interesting and important, how intimate a part it is of everything that is "practical'' and connected with the world. Men are not always made thoughtful by books; but they are generally made thoughtful by association with men who think. 

 

*注释

(1)as places Of serious training:进行严格训练的地方。用as引出的这个词组用来进一步说明前面的主语they(指colleges)。 
(2)come fully tO realize;(逐渐)充分认识到。 
(3)how closely associated with…:与……多么紧密联系。此处associated为过去分词,how closely associated with all modern achievement与how vital, how important并列,用来补充说明前面的how interesting intellectual work is, 它们后面可以看作都各自省略了不起intellectual work is. 

 

大学生活的一个重要方面

伍德罗·威尔逊 

完全有可能把我们大学的生活组织得使学生和教师都参加在其中,使师生之间产生完全自然的日常交流;只有通过这样的组织,才能使大学这种严格地培养人的地方真正充满朝气,才能使它们成为共同生活的团体,年轻人在其中会充分认识到脑力劳动是多么有趣味,多么充满活力,多么重要,并且与一切现代成就有着多么紧密的联系--只有通过这样的组织,才能使学习似乎成为生活本身的组成部分。课堂讲授常常显得很一本正经而空洞无物,背诵往往非常枯燥而收效甚微。主要是在与学者们的谈话和自然的交往中,你才能懂得知识是多么生气蓬勃,知识与一切有趣和重要的事物是多么紧密相连,它是这些事物的不可分割的一部分,是一切'实用的"以及与当今世界有关的事物密切相连的一部分。读书并不一定能使人变得善于思考,但是,一般说来,与善于思考的人们交往,就能使人好学善思。 

 

4

 

The Angler

Washingthon Irving

How comforting it is to see a cheerful and contented old age; and to behold a poor fellow, like this, after being tempest-tost through life, safely moored in a snug and quiet harbour in the evening of his days ! His happiness, how- ever, sprung from within himself, and was independent of external circumstances; for he had that inexhaustible good-nature, which is the most precious gift of Heaven, spreading itself like oil over the troubled sea of thought, and keeping the mind smooth and equable in the roughest weather.

On inquiring further about him I learned that he was a universal favorite in the village, and the oracle of the tap- room; where he delighted the rustics with his songs(1), and, like Sindbad(2), astonished them with his stories of strange lands, and shipwrecks, and sea-fights. He was much noticed too by gentlemen sportsmen of the neighborhood; had taught several of them the art of angling; and was a privileged visitor to their kitchens(3). The whole tenor of his life was quiet and inoffensive, being principally passed about the neighboring streams, when the weather and season were favorable; and at other times he employed himself at home(4), preparing his fishing tackle for the next campaign(5), or manufacturing rods, nets, and flies(6), for his patrons and pupils among the gentry.

*注释

(1)where he delighted…with his songs:在那里他以歌声使……高兴。where是关系副词,指在tap-room里。

(2)Sindbad:辛巴德,《天方夜谭》中的人物,曾作过七次冒险航行而成为巴格达的富翁。

(3)a privileged visitor to their kitchens:含'备受恩宠,得以赏饭'之意。十九世纪之前英美乡村的大户人家常在厨房赏饭给宠爱的农夫。

(4)he employed himself at home:他在家中忙碌。 employ oneself后一般接介词in所构成的词组,解作"从事于...."。

(5)the next campaign:下次战役。这里把钓鱼比作一次战役,表示他郑重其事。

(6)flies:fly的复数,作钓饵用的假蝇。

 

华盛顿.欧文

见到一位欢乐愉快,心满意足的老人,特别是看到这样一位贫穷的人,一生饱经风暴的颠簸,最终却在一个平静安宁的港湾里停泊下来,安度晚年,这是多么令人欣慰啊1然而,他的欢愉乃出自深心,不受外界环境的影响,因为他有永不厌烦的好脾气--这是最珍贵的天赋,能象油那样在汹涌的思想海洋上延展开来,使心潮在狂风暴雨袭击下也能保持平静安宁。

经过进一步打听,我了解到他在村子里深受众人喜爱。他在酒店里是一位博古通今,未卜先知的智者。在那里,他的歌声使得乡里们笑逐颜开,他象《天方夜谭》里的辛巴德,用那些异乡仙境,沉船和海战的故事使他们听得目瞪口呆。他也颇受当地爱好运动的绅士们的青睐。他曾经给几位绅士传授过钓鱼的窍门,从而被特许进入他们的厨房。他生活淡泊清静,与世无争。风和日丽季节宜人时,他主要是在附近的溪流消磨时光,其他时间,则在家中忙碌,或是为下次捕鱼准备渔具,或是为乡绅中的主顾和弟子制作鱼杆,鱼网和鱼饵。

5

Crossing The Rubicon

James Baldwin

The march to Italy was begun. The soldiers were even more enthusiastic than caesar (2) himself. They climb- ed mountains, waded rivers, endured fatigue, faced all kinds of danger for the sake of their great leader.

At last they came to a little river called the Rubicon. It was the boundary line of caesar's province of Gaul; on the other side of it was Italy. caesar paused a moment on the bank. He knew that to cross it would be to declare war against Pompey and the Roman Senate; it would involve all Rome in a fearful strife, the end of which no man could foresee.

But he did not hesitate long. He gave the word, and rode boldly across the shallow stream.

"We have crossed the Rubicon," he cried as he reached the farther shore. "There is now no turning back."

Soon the news was carried to Rome: "caesar has cross- ed the Rubicon;" and there was great dismay among those who had plotted to destroy him. Pompey's soldiers desert- ed him and hastened to join themselves to caesar's army. The Roman senators and their friends made ready(3) to flee from the city.

"caesar has crossed the Rubicon !" was shouted along the roads and byways leading to Rome; and the country people turned out(4) to meet and hail with joy the conquer- hag hero.

The word was carried a second time to the city: "caesar has crossed the Rubicon," and the wild flight began. Senators and public officers left everything behind and hurried away to seek safety with Pompey. On foot, on horseback, in litters, in carriages, they fled for their lives all because Caesar had crossed the Rubicon. Pompey was unable to protect them. He hurried to the seacoast, and, with all who were able to accompany him, sailed away to Greece.

Caesar was the master of Rome

 

*注释

(1)the Rubicon:卢比孔河,在意大利北部。Cross the Rubicon有"破釜沉舟"之意。 
(2)Caesar:恺撒(公元前100-44年),古罗马统帅和政治家,与庞培,克拉苏结成前三头政治联盟,率军侵略海外,屡建奇功。公元前49年初,元老院与庞培联合,解除其军权并召之回国。同年恺撒率军越过卢比孔河,进占罗马。庞培偕大批元老院议员出奔希腊。公元前46年,恺撒在征服了海外很多国家后,返回罗马建立独裁政权,公元前44年3月16日遇刺身亡。 
(3) made ready:解作'准备好',后面常接动词不定式短语或介词for所引导的短语o 
(4)turned out:出动。 

 

越过卢比孔河

詹姆斯.鲍德温 

向意大利的进军开始了。士兵们甚至比恺撒本人还要热情旺盛。为了他们的伟大领袖,他们跋山涉水,不顾疲劳,面临各种艰难险阻而毫无惧色。 
    最后,他们来到了一条叫做卢比孔的小河边。这条小河是恺撒管辖的高卢省的边界线,河那边就是意大利。恺撒在岸边停留了片刻。他知道越过这条河就是对庞培和罗马元老院宣战,就会使整个罗马卷入一场可怕的战争,其结局是没有人能够预料的。 
    但是,他没有犹豫多久。他下了命令,并且无畏地策马渡过了这条浅流。 
    "我们已经越过卢比孔河了,"他到达河的对岸时喊道,"现在只有前进,决不后退。" 
    "恺撒越过卢比孔河了,"这一消息很快就传到了罗马,在那些曾经密谋消灭他的人中间引起了极大的惊慌。庞培的部下纷纷叛离,急忙投奔恺撒的部队。罗马元老院的议员和他们的朋友都准备逃离罗马了。
    "恺撒越过卢比孔河了!"在通往罗马的大道和小路上到处都呼喊着.乡村里的人们都奔走欢呼,准备迎接这位胜利的英雄。 
    消息第二次传到罗马:"恺撒越过卢比孔河了。"于是大家仓惶出逃,一片慌乱。元老和政府官员们扔下了一切,急急忙忙逃到庞培那里去避难。他们或徒步,或骑马,或坐轿子,或乘马车,纷纷逃命--只因为恺撒越过了卢比孔河。庞培无力保护他们。他匆匆赶到海边,带着所有能够伴随他的人,坐船逃往希腊去了。 
    恺撒成了罗马的主宰, 

6

Trees

William Bliss Carman

In the Garden of Eden(1), planted by God,

There were goodly trees in the springing sod-

Trees of beauty and height and grace,

To stand in splendor before His face:

 

Apple and hickory, ash and pear,

Oak and beech, and the tulip rare,

The trembling aspen, the noble pine,

The sweeping elm by the river line;

 

Trees for the birds to build and sing,

And the lilac tree for a joy in spring;

Trees to turn at the frosty call

And carpet the ground for their Lord's footfall;

 

Trees for fruitage and fire and shade,

Trees for the cunning builder's trade;

Wood for the bow, the spear, and the flail,

The keel and the mast of the daring sail-

He made them of every grain and girth(2)

For the use of man in the Garden of Earth,

Then lest the soul should not lift her eyes

From the gift to the Giver of Paradise,

On the crown of a hill, for all to see,

God planted a scarlet maple tree.(3)

 

*注释

(1)the Garden of Eden:伊甸园,《圣经》中人类始祖亚当与夏娃居住的地方。这里喻作乐园,与最后一节中的Garden of Earth相呼应。

(2)of every grain and girth:是动词made的宾语补足语。grain的本义为"纹理",girth的本义为"(树围的)周长",这里用来表示各种树的木质和粗细不一,因而适宜于各种用途。

(3)Then lest...maple tree:这四行构成一个主从复合句,god为主句的主语,planted a scarlet maple tree是谓语动词及其直接宾语。lest the soul should not lift her eyes from the gift to the Giver Of paradise是带否定意义的目的状语从句,lest含有"以防"和"以免"的意思,这种从句中的谓语动词一般与should连用。

 

布利斯·卡门

在伊甸园里,在滋生万物的草土上,

上帝栽下了美好的树--

优美,高大,仪态万千,

壮丽地耸立在上帝面前:

 

苹果树和山核桃树,白腊树和梨树,

橡树和山毛榉,还有珍贵的鹅掌楸,

摇曳的白杨,崇高的青松,

枝条依依的榆树排列在河堤上,

 

供鸟儿在上面筑巢和鸣唱的树,

春天里给人欢乐的丁香树,

严霜降临便变色凋零的树

为造物主的行走铺设地毯,

 

用以结果,生火和遮荫的树,

供能工巧匠建造房屋的树,

可作弯弓、长矛和连枷,

以及大船龙骨和桅杆的树--

上帝把它们造得千姿百态,

为人类世界各尽其材。

 

他唯恐世人只知坐享天工

却忘了赐予这一切的天堂之主,

于是在山顶上,让人人有目共睹,

上帝栽下了红彤彤的枫树。

 

7

The Beauty Of Pisa In The Afternoon

John Ruskin

On each side of a bright river he saw rise a line of brighter palaces, arched and pillared, and inlaid with deep red porphyry, and with serpentine(2); along the quays before their gates were riding troops of knights, noble in face and form, dazzling in crest and shield; horse and man one labyrinth of quaint colour and gleaming light(3)--the purple, and silver, and scarlet fringes flowing over the strong limbs and clashing mail, like sea-waves over rocks at sunset. Opening on each side from the river were gardens, courts, and cloisters; long successions of white pillars among wreaths of vine; leaping of fountains through buds of pomegranate and orange; and still along the garden-paths, and under and through the crimson of the pomegranate shadows, moving slowly, groups of the fairest women that Italy ever saw fairest, because purest and thoughtfulest; trained in all high knowledge, as in all courteous art--in dance, in song, in sweet wit, in lofty learning, in loftier courage,-ill loftiest love- able alike to cheer, to enchant, or save, the souls of men(4). Above all this scenery of perfect human life, rose dome and bell-tower, burning with white alabaster and gold: beyond dome and bell-tower the slopes of mighty hills, hoary with olive; far in the north, above a purple sea of peaks of solemn Apennine(5), the clear, sharp- cloven Carrara mountains(6) sent up their steadfast flames of marble summit into amber sky; the great sea itself, scorching with expanse of light, stretching from their feet to the Gorgonian isles(7); and over all these, ever present, near or far--seen through the leaves of vine, or imaged with all its march of clouds in the Arno's stream,(8) or set with its depth of blue close against the golden hair and burning cheek of lady and knight,-- that untroubled and sacred sky, which was to all men, in those days of innocent faith, indeed the unquestioned abode of spirits, as the earth was of men; and which opened straight through its gates of cloud and veils of dew into the awfulness of the eternal world; a heaven in which every cloud that passed was literally the chariot of an angel and every ray of its Evening and Morning streamed from the throne of God.(9)

 

*注释

(1)Pisa,比萨,意大利城市,城内有著名的斜塔。

(2)he saw rise a line of brighter palaces,…serpentine,在这一句中,rise本应在句末,补充说明谓语动词 saw所带的宾语,但由于宾语a line of brighter palaces 加上后面所带的许多定语显得太长了,所以移到前面。

(3)horse and man one labyrinth Of quaint colour and gleaming light.马匹和骑手组成了色彩和光泽上光怪陆离的一团。这是一个主格独立结构,在horse and man后省略了分词being。

(4)able alike to cheer,…the souls of men:作定语,与前面trained…in love并列,修饰the fairest women。

(5)Apennine:亚平宁山脉,在意大利境内。

(6) Carrara mountains:卡拉拉山,位于意大利西北部,盛产优质大理石。

(7)Gorgonian isles:戈尔高尼群岛。

(8)the Arno:阿尔诺河,意大利中北部河流,流入地中海。

(9)Above all this scenery...from the throne of God;这是课文中最后一句,它是一个复杂的主从复合句,由五个并列的分句和它们所带的从句构成。第一分句是倒装句,主语是dome and bell-tower,谓语动词是rose; 第二分句beyond dome and bell-tower the slopes of mighty hills,hoary with olive也是一个倒装句,但句中省略了谓语中的联系动词,主语为the slopes;第三分句的主语为Carrara mountains,谓语动词为sent up;第四分句the great sea itself,scorching with expanse of light,stretching from their feet to the Gorgonian isles是一个仅有主语部分的句子。紧跟着的第五个分句也为倒装句,句中省略了谓语联系动词 was,主语为that untroubled and sacred sky,它后面接两个用which引出的定语从句,而破折号后面的a heaven是sky的同位语,它本身又带了个in which…的定语从句。五个分句中除第一句因为起了引出后面各分句内容的作用,所以用冒号与其余部分分开外,其他各分句都用分号彼此分开,两个定语从句,因为很长,并且第一句内部已有了逗号,所以也用分号分开。

 

午后比萨之美

约翰·罗斯金

在一条灿烂的大河两岸,他看到每一边都矗立着一排更为灿烂的宫殿,有拱门和石柱,并且镶嵌着深红色的斑岩,还有蛇纹岩,宫殿门前的码头上,一队队骑在马上的骑土,威风凛凛,神采奕奕,头盔和盾牌金光锃亮,马匹和骑手组成了色彩和光泽上光怪陆离的一团--披挂在健壮的四肢和铿锵作声的铠甲上的紫红色、银白色和猩红色的流苏,宛如日落时涌上岩石的海浪。呈现在河岸两边的是花园、庭园以及修道院,是缭绕的葡萄藤花掩映着的白色的石柱,一根接一根,长长的一排;是石榴花蕾和桔子花蕾丛中喷泉喷出的水柱,还有就是沿着园中小径,在石榴花绯红色的荫影中成群地姗姗而行的女士们,她们是意大利所见到的最美的美人--最美,是因为她们纯洁无瑕,最富有想象力,她们熟谙各门高尚知识和各种社交艺术:跳舞、唱歌、解颐的妙语、高贵的学识、更高贵的勇气、最高贵的爱情,她们都能鼓舞、陶醉或者拯救男人们的灵魂。在这一片人世间完美无缺的景色之上,高耸着发出白雪花石膏和黄金的辉煌光芒的圆拱屋顶和钟楼,在拱顶和钟楼的后面是雄伟的山脉,山上长满了灰色的油橄榄树,遥远的北方,在威严的亚平宁山脉紫色的群峰之上,轮廓分明的卡拉拉山把永恒不变的火焰似的大理石山顶插入琥珀色的天空,光芒夺目的浩瀚大海从山脚下一直延伸到戈尔高尼群岛,而在这一切之上,无论是透过葡萄叶丛所见到的,还是阿尔诺河上伴着飘忽的云影所反映出来的,还是同贵妇人和骑士的金色头发和红润面颊相映衬的,是一片蔚蓝的天空,无远弗届,无时不在,宁静而庄严。在那信仰单纯的年月里,对所有的人来说,那苍天无容置疑地是神仙的住所,就象地球是人的住所一样。穿过云端的大门,透过露珠的纱幕,一直通向令人敬畏的永恒世界--那就是天国,在那儿朵朵飘过的云彩实际上都是天使的战车,晨曦和晚霞的每缕光芒都来自上帝的宝座。

 

8

The Dervise And The Four Robbers

Richard Doddridge Blackmore

A Dervise had once made a purchase of a fine fat sheep, intending to offer it up in sacrifice; and having tied a cord about its neck, was leading it to his home, when four thieves perceived him, and instantly made up their minds to steal the sheep. They knew the Dervise to be an honest, inoffensive man, and one who thought of no more harm in others than he had in himself. They dared not, however, take the sheep away from the Dervise by force, for they were too near the city; therefore they made use of this stratagem: they first parted company, and then accosted the Dervise, as if they had come from several distinct parts.

The. first thief, who had contrived to meet him full- face, said, "My good old man, whither are you leading this dog ?"

At this instant the second robber, coming from another quarter, cried to him, "Venerable old man, I hope you have not so far forgot yourself as to have stolen this dog;" and immediately after him, the third coming up, asked him, "Whither are you going with that handsome greyhound ?"

The poor Dervise began to doubt whether the sheep which he had was a sheep or not. But the fourth robber put him quite beside himself(2) by approaching him and asking what the dog cost him.

The Dervise, absolutely persuaded(3) that four men, coming from four several directions, could not all be deceived, verily believed that the grazier who had sold him the sheep was a conjurer, and had bewitched his sight; inasmuch that, no longer giving credit to his Own eyes,(4) he began to be firmly convinced that the sheep he was leading was a dog. In full persuasion of this, the Dervise went back to the market to demand his money of the grazier(5), leaving the wether with the felons, who made off with(6) it.

 

*注释

(1)dervise:托钵僧。英语中应为dervish,这里的Dervise是借用土耳其浯中的读音而拼成。

(2) put him quite beside himself: 把他完全弄糊涂了。 beside oneself:若狂,发狂。

(3)a bsolutely persuaded:绝对相信。persuaded在这里是过去分词,相当于who Was persuaded(被说服而相信),后面可以接of短语或that所引导的从句。

(4)no longer giving credit to his own eyes:不再相信他自己的眼睛。credit在这里解作"信任"。

(5)demand his money of the grazier:向牧人讨回他的钱。demand...of.叫向……要求(索取)……。

(6)made off with…:携……而逃。

 

托钵僧和四个贼(寓言)

理查德·D·布莱克默

有一次,一个托钵僧买了一头硕大的肥羊,打算用它作祭品。正当他用绳子缚住了羊的脖子,牵着它回家的时候,四个贼看见了他,就立刻决定要把这头羊偷到手。他们知道这个托钵僧是一个老老实实、与世无争的人,是一个自己心中从不想伤害别人而且认为别人也跟他-'样没有恶意的人。尽管如此,这四个贼还是不敢从他手中强夺这头羊,因为当时他们离城太近了,因此,他们采用了这样一个计策;首先,四人各自分散,然后走上前去与托钵僧搭讪,好象他们来自几个不同的地方。

第一个贼设法从他正面迎上去,跟他说:"好心的老人,您牵着这条狗上哪儿去呀?"

这时候,第二个贼从另一个方向走过来,向他喊道:"尊敬的老人,我希望您不至于糊涂到偷了这条狗吧!"紧接着,第三个贼走上前来,问道:"您带着这条漂亮的猎狗到哪儿去呀?"

可怜的托钵僧开始怀疑自己买的那头羊是否真的是羊了。但是第四个贼走到他跟前问他花了多少钱买这条狗,这把他完全弄糊涂了。

托钵僧因为绝对相信四个来自不同方向的人不可能全都搞错了,就确实认为那个卖这头羊给他的牧人是个魔术师,迷了他的眼,于是,他不再相信自己的眼睛,确信自己所牵着的那头羊是一条狗了。托钵僧完全信以为真,于是就回到市场去向牧人讨钱,而把那头阉羊交给了这些坏蛋,他们就牵着羊逃走了。

 

9

Night

Nathaniel Hawthorne

Night has fallen over the country. Through the trees rises the red moon, and the stars are scarcely seen. In the vast shadow of night the coolness and the dews descend. I sit at the open window to enjoy them; and hear only the voice of the summer wind. Like black hulks, the shadows of the great trees ride at anchor on the billowy sea of grass. I cannot see the red and blue flowers, but I know that they are there. Far away in the meadow gleams the silver Charles(1). The tramp of horses' hoofs sounds from the wooden bridge. Then all is still save the continuous wind of the summer night. Sometimes I know not if it be the wind or the sound of the neighboring sea.(2) The village clock strikes; and I feel that I am not alone.

How different it is in the city! It is late, and the crowd is gone. You step out upon the balcony, and lie in the very bosom of the cool, dewy night as if you folded her garments about you. Beneath lies the public walk with trees, like a fathomless, black gulf, into whose silent darkness the spirit plunges, and floats away with some beloved spirit clasped in its embrace. The lamps are still burning up and down the long street. People go by with grotesque shadows, now foreshortened, and now lengthening away into the darkness and vanishing, while a new one springs up behind the walker, and seems to pass him revolving like the sail of a windmill(3). The iron gates of the park shut with a jangling clang. There are footsteps and loud voices;--a tumult;--a drunken brawl;--an alarm of fire;--then silence again. And now at length the city is asleep, and we can see the night. The belated moon looks over the roofs, and finds no one to welcome her. The moonlight is broken. It lies here and there in the squares, and the opening of the streets- angular like blocks of white marble.

 

*注释

(1)the Charles,美国马萨诸塞州的一条河流。

(2)Sometimes I know not if it be the wind or the sound of the neighboring sea,有时,我根本辨别不出它究竟是风声,还是邻近的海涛声。know not是古文体。not放在谓语动词后以代替动词前的do not,这形式,现在只用在诗歌和带有诗意的描写文中。宾语从句中的be是虚拟语气形式,在现代英语中也只用于上述情况。

(3)and seems to pass him revolving like the sail of a windmill:象风车上的翼板一样转到他身体的前方去了。pass him revolving中两个动词所表示的动作合成一个1类似的例子有;He came in running.

纳撒尼尔·霍桑

夜幕已笼罩着乡间。一轮红月正从树林后面冉冉升起,天上几乎看不到星星。在这苍茫的夜色中,寒气与露水降下来了。我坐在敞开的窗前欣赏着这夜色,耳边只听到那夏天的风声。大树的阴影象黑色的大船停泊在波浪起伏的茫茫草海上。虽然我见不到红色和蓝色的花朵,但我知道它们在那儿。在远处的草地上,银色的查尔斯河闪闪发光。木桥那边传来了踢嗒踢嗒的马蹄声。接着,一片寂静,留下的只是那夏夜不断的风声。有时,我根本辨别不出它究竟是风声,还是邻近的海涛声。村子里的时钟敲起来了,于是我觉得并不孤独。

城市的夜晚可是多么不同呀I夜深了,人群已经散去。你走到阳台上,躺在凉快和露水弥漫的夜幕中,仿佛你用它作为外衣裹住了你的身子。阳台下面是栽着树木的人行道,象一条深不可测的黑色海湾,飘忽的精灵就投入了这漆黑沉静的海湾,拥抱着某个所爱的精灵随波荡漾而去。漫长的大街上,街灯依然到处亮着。人们打灯下走过,拖着各种各样奇形怪状的影子,影子时而缩短,时而伸长,最后消失在黑暗中,同时,一个新的影子又突然出现在那个行路人的身后,这影子似乎象风车上的翼板一样,转到他身体的前方去了。公园的铁门当啷一声关上了。耳边可以听见脚步声和响亮的说话声,--一阵喧闹,--一阵酒醉后的吵架声,--一阵火灾的报警声,--接着,又是一片寂静。于是,城市终于沉睡,我们终于能看到夜的景色。姗姗来迟的月亮从屋顶后面探出脸来,发觉没有人在欢迎她。破碎的月光东一块,西一块地撒落在各个广场上和各条大街的开阔处--象一块块白色的大理石一样棱角分明。

 

10

About Reading Books

Virginia Woolf

It is simple enough to say that since books have class- es -- fiction, biography, poetry -- we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall(1) be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him(2). Be his fellow-worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this(3), and soon you will find' that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite. The thirty-two chapters of a novel- if we consider how to read a novel first -- are an attempt to make something as formed and controlled as a building: but words are more impalpable than bricks; reading is a longer and more complicated process than seeing. Perhaps the quickest way to understand the elements of what a novelist is doing is not to read, but to write; to make your own experiment with the dangers and difficulties of words. Re- call, then, some event that has left a distinct impression on you- how at the corner of the street, perhaps, you passed two people talking. A tree shook; an electric light danced; the tone of the talk was comic, but also tragic; a whole vision, an entire conception, seemed contained in that moment.

 

*注释

(1)shall:应该,必须。用于陈述句的第三人称中,表示说话人的意愿。

(2)try to become him:应努力站在作者的立场上。become在这里用作及物动词,解作(“配合”、“适应”)。

(3)acquaint yourself with…; 使(你)自己认识(了解)……。

 

维吉尼亚.吴尔夫

既然书籍有不同的门类,如小说、传记、诗歌等,我们就应该把它们区分开来,并从每种书中汲取它应当给我们提供的正确的东西,这话说起来固然容易,然而,很少有人要求从书籍中得到它们所能提供的东西。通常我们总是三心二意带着模糊的观念去看书:要求小说情节真实,要求诗歌内容虚构,要求传记阿谀奉承,要求历史能加深我们自己的偏见。如果我们读书时能抛弃所有这些成见,那将是一个极可贵的开端。我们对作者不要指手划脚,而应努力站在作者的立场上,设想自己在与作者共同创作。假如你退缩不前,有所保留并且一开始就批评指责,你就在妨碍自己从你所读的书中得到最大的益处。然而,如果你能尽量敞开思想,那么,书中开头几句迂回曲折的话里所包含的几乎难以觉察的细微的迹象和暗示,就会把你引到一个与众不同的人物的面前去。如果你深入下去,如果你去认识这个人物,你很快就会领悟作者正在给你或试图给你某些明确得多的东西。倘若我们首先考虑怎样读小说,那么,一部小说中的三十二章就是企图创造出象一座建筑物那样既有一定的形式而各部分又受到控制的东西:不过词汇要比砖块难以捉摸,阅读的过程要比看一看更费时、更复杂。理解小说家创作工作的各项要素的捷径也许并不是阅读,而是写作,而是亲自试一试遣词造句中的艰难险阻。那么,回想一下给你留下鲜明印象的某些事---比如,你怎样在大街的拐角处从两个正在交谈着的人身边走过。树在摇曳,灯光在晃动,谈话的语气既喜又悲,这一瞬间似乎包含了一个完整的想象,一个整体的构思。

11

I Remember, I Remember

By Thomas Hood

I remember, I remember
The house where I was born,
The little window where the sun
Came peeping m at morn(1);
He never came a wink too soon, 
Nor brought too long a day,(2) 
But now I often wish the night
Had borne my breath away I(3)

I remember, I remember 
The roses red and white, 
The violets, and the lily-cups, 
Those flowers made of light !(4) 
The lilacs where the robin built,
And where my brother set 
The laburnum on his birth-day,--
The tree is living yet !

I remember, I remember 
Where I was used to swing(5), 
And thought the air must rush as fresh 
To swallows on the wing(6);
My spirit flew in feathers then, 
That is so heavy now, 
And summer pools could hardly cool 
The fever on my brow!

I remember, I remember 
The fir-trees dark and high;
I used to think their slender tops 
Were close against the sky: 
It was a childish ignorance, 
But now 't is little joy
To know I'm further off from heaven(7) 
Than when I was a boy. 


*注释

(1) morn=morning,常用于诗歌中。 
(2) Nor brought too long a day:也不使人感到白天太长。暗指童年快乐,不觉察时光之流逝。 
(3)Had borne my breath away:带走我的生命。breath代表"生命'。这句暗指老年觉得长夜漫漫,但愿能长眠安息。 
(4)Those flowers made of light;由光彩组成的花朵。指花朵色彩鲜艳。 
(5)I Was used to swing:was used to解作"习惯于",swing用作名词,解作"秋千的摆动"。由于swing作动词时,可解作"上绞刑",因此不使用 I used to swing的结构。 
(6) on the wing:正在飞翔的。 
(7) I'm further off from heaven:离开天国更加遥远。这句话感叹自己年老时不如童年时天真无邪,那样圣洁。 

 

我记得,我记得

托马斯·胡德 

我记得,我记得
我出生的那所房屋,
还有那扇小窗,
清晨太阳向里面窥探。
它从不提前一瞬来临,
也不使人感到白天太长。
可现在我却常常希望,
黑夜能使我安息长眠!

我记得,我记得
那红色的和白色的玫瑰,
还有紫罗兰和百合花瓣,
那些光彩斑斓的花朵!
那知更鸟筑巢的紫丁香,
我弟弟在他生日那天
将金链花种在它旁边--
这棵树至今生机勃勃!

我记得,我记得
我常去荡秋千的地方,
心想那扑向飞翔着的燕子的清风
必定是同样地令人心旷神怡,
我的心啊,那时犹如插翅飞翔,
现在却沉重无比,
即使夏日的水潭也难以
消退我额头上的高热!

我记得,我记得
那些枞树苍郁而高耸,
我常思量它们纤细的树梢
几乎紧贴着天空,
那是孩子的天真无知,
但现在我却很少欢乐,
由于知道自己离开天国
比儿时更加遥远。 

12

A Summer Day

Charles Dickens

One day thirty years ago Marseilles lay in the burning sun. A blazing non upon a fierce August day was no greater rarity in southern France then than at any other time before or since. Every-tiring in Marseiiles and about Marseilles had stared at the fervid sun, and been stared at in return, until a staring habit had become universal there. Strangers were stared out of countenance(1) by staring white houses, 8taring white streets, staring tracts of arid road, staring hills from which verdure was burnt away. The only things to be seen not fixedly staring and glaring were the vines drooping under their loads of grapes. These did occasionally wink a little, u the hot air barely moved their faint leaves.

The universal stare made the eyes ache. Towards the distant blue(2) of the Italian coast, indeed, it was a little relieved by light clouds of mist Slowly rising from the evaporation of the sea, but it softened nowhere else. Far away the staring roads, deep in dust, stared from the hillside, stared from the hollow, stared from the interminable plain. Far away the dusty vines overhanging wayside cottages, and the monotonous wayside avenues of parched trees without shade, dropped beneath the stare of earth and sky. So did the horses with drowsy bells, in long files of carts, creeping slowly towards the interior; so did their recumbent drivers, when they were awake, which rarely happened; so did the exhausted laborers in the fields.(3) Every- thing that lived or grew was oppressed by the glare; except the lizard, passing swiftly over rough stone walls, and cicada, chirping its dry hot chirp, like a rattle. The very dust was scorched brown, and something quivered in the atmosphere as if the air itself were panting.

Blinds, shutters, curtains ,awnings, were all closed and drawn to keep out the stare. Grant it but a chink or a keyhole, and it shot in like a white-hot arrow.(4)

*注释

(1) out of countenance:感到难堪或局促不安。

(2)the blue:天空。有时也指海洋

(3) So did ...; so did ...; so did ...:这里 so did 代替 dropped beneath the stare of earth and sky.

(4)Grant it but a chink or a keyhole, and it...:那怕只给它一条小缝或者一个钥匙孔,它就会……… Grant 解作"给予", it 指 the stares.此句结构为"祈使句+ and +陈述句",含义相当于"条件从句+主句"。

 

查尔斯•狄更斯

三十年前的一天,马赛躺在烈日之下。在法国南部,八月炎热的日子里赤日当空,在那时以前或以后都不是什么罕见的事。马赛范围内以及马赛周围的一切都凝视着灼热的太阳,而太阳反过来也凝视着这一切;久而久之,在马赛普遍形成一种耀眼的色彩。白色的房屋,白色的街道,一段段干旱的大路,草木晒得枯死的小山都十分耀眼象在瞪着眼瞧人似的,使初到此地的人们手足无措。能看到的唯一不是老瞪着眼使人眼花缭乱的,只有坠着串串葡萄的葡萄藤;热空气微微吹动着萎缩的藤叶时,葡萄确实也偶而眨眨眼。

这种普遍的耀眼的色彩令人眼睛发痛。说实在的,要远到意大利沿海蔚蓝的天空,由于海水蒸发冉冉升起的缕缕薄雾,这耀眼的色彩才不致那么强烈,但是除此之外别的地方,它一点也不曾柔和下来。远处,耀眼的大路,上面积着很厚的尘土,沿着山坡盯着人看,穿过山谷盯着人看,横过一望无际的平原盯着人看。远处,悬挂在路旁小屋上蒙着尘土的葡萄藤,还有路旁单调的成行的晒焦了不能遮荫的树木,都在大地和天空的凝视下耷拉着脑袋。长长的大车队中,发出催人欲睡的铃铛声的马匹也耷拉着脑袋,慢慢地向内地爬行着;斜靠在车上的车夫们醒来时,也耷拉着脑袋,不过他们也难得醒;田野里筋疲力尽的农夫们耷拉着脑袋。一切动物和植物都受到这耀眼光芒的压抑;例外的只是在那凹凸不平的石墙上敏捷爬行的蜥蜴和拔浪鼓似地发出强烈鸣声的蝉儿。连那尘土都被炙烤成褐色了,大气中似乎也有什么东西在颤抖,仿佛空气本身也在气喘吁吁。

 竹帘子、百叶窗、窗帘、遮篷全都拉拢了,把这耀眼的光芒挡在外面。那怕只露出一条小缝或者一个钥匙孔,它就会象一支白热的箭直射进来。

 

13

Hints For Those That Would Be Rich

Benjamin Franklin

The Use of Money is all the Advantage there is in having Money. For £ 6 a Year you may have the Use of £ 100 if you are a Man of known Prudence and Honesty.

He that spends a Groat a day idly, spends idly above £ 6 a year, which is the Price of using £100.

He that wastes idly a Groat's worth of his Time per Day, one Day with another, wastes the Privilege of using £ 100 each day.

He that idly loses 5 s. worth of time, loses 5 s. and might as prudently(1) throw 5 s. in the River.

He that loses 5 s. not only loses that Sum, but all the Advantage that might be made by turning it in Dealing, which, by the time that a young Man becomes old, amounts to a comfortable Bag of Money.

Again, He that sells upon Credit, asks a Price for what he sells equivalent to the Principal and Interest of his Money for the Time he is like to be kept out of it(2): therefore He that buys upon Credit, pays Interest for what he buys. And he that pays Ready Money, might let that Money out to Use; so that He that possesses any Thing he has bought, pays Interest for the Use of it.

Consider then when you are tempted to buy any unnecessary Household stuff, or any superfluous thing, whether you will be willing to pay Interest, and Interest upon Interest for it as long as you live; and more if it grows worse by using.

ret, in buying goods, 't is best to pay Ready Money, because, He that sells upon Credit, expects to lose 5 per Cent by Bad Debts(3); therefore he charges, on all he sells upon Credit, an Advance~ that shall make up that deficiency.

Those who pay for what they buy upon Credit, pay their Share of this Advance.

He that pays Ready Money, escapes or may escape that Charge.

A Penny sav'd is Twopence clear(5),

A Pin a Day is a Groat a Year.(6)

 

*注释

(1) might as prudently:结构与一般常用的 might as well相同。might as well含有"反正一样"、"倒不如"的意思。

(2)to be kept out Of it:it代表money。to be kept out of,..解作"受到阻碍不能享有……"。

(3) bad debts:坏账,倒账。商业用语,指赊卖后不能收到的账款。

(4)advance:通常解作'预付款",这里作"涨价"或"加码"解。其涵义是,商人赊卖后很可能有一部分账款不能收回,因此对每个顾客多开价百分之五,以弥补将来必然会发生的倒账损失。

(5) clear:十足的,整整的,相当于with out any deduction。

(6) 在商业上订立的契约和其他重要法律文件中常把要紧的术语以大写字母开始,或整个词中的字母都大写。这篇文章也仿照这个习惯做法,主要名词或词组都用大写,含有幽默之意.

 

致富之道

本杰明·富兰克林

有钱的唯一好处就在于用钱。如果你是一个节俭而诚实的人,一年六英镑就可以当一百英镑的钱使用。

一天浪费四便士的人,一年就浪费六个多英镑,而六英镑相当于一百英镑的使用价值。

每天虚度值四便士的时间的人,日复一日,等于浪费了每天使用一百英镑的权利。

一个游手好闲而损失了价值五先令时间的人,就是失去了五个先令,他还不如把五先令扔进河里的好。

一个失去五先令的人,不仅失去了那笔钱,还失去了把钱用于经商可能带来的好处,而一个年轻人到年老的时候这笔钱就会等于一笔可观的财产。

还有,一个赊帐出售物品的人,对他所售货物要求的价格相当于货物的本钱加上他暂时不能利用的那笔钱的利息。因此,一个赊帐购买的人,要为他所买的货物支付利息。而一个用现金购买的人,如果不买的话,是可以把那笔钱借给别人使用的。所以,一个拥有任何买来的东西的人,都要为使用这东西而支付利息。

当你感到一种引诱,想要买任何并不急需的家用品,或任何不必要的东西的时候,你就要好好考虑一下,你是否愿意为它支付利息,并且终身利上加利,如果这东西是会用坏的,那末还要付得更多。

然而,在买东西时,最好还是付现金,因为赊帐售物的人,估计由于吃倒帐会损失百分之五,所以把赊售的所有货物都要加码,以弥补这笔损失。

那些赊帐购物的人,得支付他们所应分担的这笔加码的价款。

而用现金购物的人,则不需或可能不需支付这笔钱。

省下的一便士是不折不扣的两便士,

每天节约一丁点儿一年就是一大笔。

 

14

Address To His Troops

George Washington

The time is now near at hand which must probably determine whether Americans are to be freemen or slaves; whether they are to have any property they can call their own; whether their houses and farms are to be pillaged and destroyed, and themselves consigned to a state of wretchedness from which no human efforts will deliver them. The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army. Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us only the choice of a brave resistance or the most abject submission. We have, therefore, to resolve to conquer or to die.

Our own, our country's honour, calls upon us for a vigorous and manly exertion; and if we now shamefully fail, we shall become infamous to the whole world. Let us then rely on the goodness of our cause, and the aid of the Supreme Being, in whose hands victory is, to animate and encourage us to great and noble actions. The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have their blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them. Let us animate and encourage each other, and show the whole world that a free man contending for liberty on his own ground is superior to any slavish mercenary on earth.

Liberty, property, life, and honour are all at stake, upon your courage and conduct rest the hopes of our bleeding and insulted country; our wives, children, and parents expect safety from us, only; and they have every reason to believe that Heaven will crown with success so just a cause(2).

The enemy will endeavour to intimidate by show and appearance(3); but, remember, they have been repulsed on various occasions by a few brave Americans. Their cause is bad--their men are conscious of it; and if op- posed with firmness and coolness on their first onset, with our advantage of works, and knowledge of tile ground(4), the victory is most assuredly ours. Every good soldier will be silent and attentive- wait for orders, and reserve his fire until he is sure of doing execution(5).

*注释

(1)本文为乔治.华盛顿在独立战争中对部队的演说。乔治·华盛顿(1732-1799)为美国的奠基人,第一任总统(1789-1797),出身大种植园主家庭,早年在英国殖民军中服务,后任第一届和第二届大陆会议代表。1775年北美独立战争爆发,被推选为十三州起义部队总司令。

(2) will crown with success so just a cause:将以胜利酬报如此正义之事业。crown是"酬报"的意思,cause是它的宾语。

(3)by show and appearance:炫耀卖弄,这里指炫耀武力。

(4) with our..ground:凭着我们有利的工事和熟悉地形。

(5)reserve his fire until he is sure of doing execution;保存其火力,直到有把握打中敌人才开枪。doing execution原意为"(发挥)武器的效力"。

 

乔治·华盛顿对部队的演说

乔治·华盛顿

美国人能否成为自由人,还是沦为奴隶,能否享有可以称之为自己所有的财产,能否使自己的住宅和农庄免遭洗劫和毁坏;能否使自己免于陷人入非人力所能拯救的悲惨境地--决定这一切的时刻已迫在眉睫。苍天之下,千百万尚未出生的人的别无他路,要么奋起反击,要么屈膝投降。因此,我们必须下定决心,若不克敌制胜,就是捐躯疆场。

我们的尊严,祖国的尊严,都要求我们进行英勇顽强的奋斗:如果我们做不到这一点,我们将感到羞愧,并将为全世界所不齿。所以,让我们凭借我们事业的正义性和上帝的恩助--胜利掌握在他手中--鼓励和鞭策我们去创造伟大而崇高的业绩。全国同胞都注视着我们,如果我们有幸为他们效劳,将他们从企图强加于他们的暴政中解救出来,我们将受到他们的祝福和赞颂。让我们互相激励,互相鞭策,并向全世界昭示:在自己国土上为自由而斗争的自由民胜过世上任何受人驱使的雇佣兵。

自由、财产、生命和荣誉都在危急存亡之中。我们正在流血受辱的祖国寄希望于你们的勇敢和战斗。我们的妻儿父老只指望我们去保护。他们有充分的理由相信,上苍一定会保佑如此正义的事业获得胜利。

敌人将炫耀武力,竭力恫吓;但是,别忘了,在许多场合,他们已经被为数刁;多的勇敢的美国人所击败。他们的事业是邪恶的--他们的士兵也意识到这--点。如果我们在他们开始进攻时,就沉着坚定地予以反击,凭着我们有利的工事和熟悉地形,胜利必将属于我们。每一位优秀的士兵都将枕戈待旦--整装待命,一旦出击,必歼强敌。

 

15

Journey To The Bottoms Of The Pacific Ocean

L.G. Alexander

The journey two naval officers made some time ago to the very deepest point on the earth makes us realize how much of the world still remains to be explored. The two men went down seven miles to the bottoms of the Pacific Ocean inside a small steel ball called a 'bathyscaphe'(1) to find out if there are any ocean currents(2) or signs of life. Above the ball there was a special tank full of petrol

which was slowly emptied(3) into the water to make the bathyscaphe heavy enough to complete its journey.

It was necessary to set out early, so that the bathyscaphe would come to the surface in daylight, and so be easily found by the mother ship(4) which would be waiting for it. The divers began preparations at dawn and soon afterwards, when all was ready, the steel ball disappeared under the surface of the water.

The divers felt as if they were going down steps as they passed through warm and cold layers of water(5). In time(6), the temperature dropped to freezing-point and the men shivered inside the ball. They kept in touch with the mother ship by telephone describing how they felt. Then, at a depth of 3,000 feet, the telephone stopped working and they were quite cut off from the outside world. All went well until some four hours later at 30,000 feet, the men were startled by a loud, cracking noise: even the smallest hole in the ball would have meant instant death. Luckily, though, it was only one of the outer windows that had broken. Soon afterwards, the bathyscaphe touched the soft ocean floor raising a big cloud of 'dust' made up of small, dead sea-creatures. Here, powerful lights lit up the dark water and the men were surprised to see fish swimming just above them quite untroubled by the enormous water-pressure. But they did not dare to leave the lights on for long, as the heat from them made the water boil. Quite unexpectedly, the telephone began working again and the faint but clear voices of the officers were heard on the mother ship seven miles away. After a stay of thirty minutes the men began their journey up, arriving three hours later, cold and wet through, but none the worse(7) for theirexperience.

 

*注释

(1) bathyscaphe: 深海潜水器。

(2) ocean currents: 洋流,海流。

(3)was slowly emptied:慢慢地倒光。

(4)the mother ship:(海军)母舰。

(5)warm and cold layers of water;暖冷水层。

(6)in time:终于,最后。                 

(7)none the worse;并不因此而稍差。

 

到太平洋底的旅行

L.G.亚历山大

不久前,两位海军军官到地球表面上最深处所作的旅行,使我们意识到世界上还有多么多的地方依然有待于探索。这两个人在一只叫做"深海潜水器"的小钢球内,下沉七英里到达太平洋底部,为了探明那里是否有洋流和生命迹象。球的上端有一只特制的装满汽油的箱子。汽油被慢慢地注入水中,使深海潜水器能够有足够的重量下沉以完成它的海底旅行。

出发必须很早,以便潜水器在天还亮着时能回到海面,这样就容易为等候在水面的母舰发现。天刚破晓,潜水员们就开始准备,不久,一切准备就绪,钢球就在水面上消失了。

潜水员们在穿过暖水层和冷水层的时候,感到仿佛是在下梯级。后来水温降到了冰点,这两人在球内冷得发抖。他们通过电话与母舰保持联系,随时详细报告他们的感觉。接着,在三千英尺深处,电话突然中断,他们与外界完全失去了联系。一切都很顺利,直到四个钟头以后,在三万英尺水下,潜水员们被一声很响的爆裂声吓了一跳:球上那怕出现极小的洞都意味着立即死亡。不过还算幸运,只是外层的一扇窗碎了。不久,深海潜水器触到松软的海底,顿时扬起了一大团由小小的海生动物遗骸组成的"尘埃"。这时,强烈的灯光把黑沉沉的海水照亮了,他们惊讶地看到鱼儿在他们上面游动,完全不受巨大的水压的干扰。可是他们不敢把灯开得太久,因为灯光的热量使海水沸腾。完全出乎意料地电话又通了,七英里外的母舰上又能听到这两个军官的轻微然而清晰的声音了。在海底逗留三十分钟以后,他们开始返回,三小时后到达水面,冷得要命,浑身湿透,可是这次经历并没有使他们受到丝毫损伤。

 

16

A Man's A Man For A' That

Robert Burns

Is there for honest poverty

That hings his head, an' a' that ?(2)

The coward slave, we pass him by

We dare be poor for a' that!

For a' that, an' a' that,

Our toils obscure, an' a' that;

The rank is but the guinea's stamp(3),

The man's the gowd(4) for a' that. 

 

What though on hamely fare(5) we dine,

Wear hoddin grey(6), an' a' that ? 

Gie(7) fools their silks, and knaves their wine--

A man's a man for a' that. 

For a' that, an' a' that,

Their tinsel show(8), an' a' that,

The honest man, tho' e'er sae poor(9),

Is king o' men (10) for a' that. 

 

Ye see yon(11) birkie(12), ca'd(13) a lord,

Wha(14) struts, an' stares, an' a' that ? 

Thou' hundreds worship at his word,(15)

He's but a coof(16) for a' that. 

For a' that, an' a' that,

His ribband(17), star, an' a' that, 

The man o' independent mind,

He looks and laughs at a' that. 

 

A prince can mak a belted knight(18),

A marquis, duke, an' a' that! 

But an honest man's aboon his might(19)

Guid faith,(20) he mauna fa' that(21) ! 

For a' that, an' a' that,

Their dignities, an' a' that, 

The pith o' sense(22) an' pride o' worth,(23)

Are higher rank than a' that. 

 

Then let us pray that come it may(24),

As come it will(25) for a' that,

That Sense and Worth, o'er a' the earth,

Shall bear the gree(26), an' a' that! 

For a' that, an' a' that,

It's comin(27) yet for a' that,

That man to man, the world o'er,

Shall brithers(28) be for a' that.

 

*注释

(1)for a'that=for all that,in spite of all that,尽管有此种种。 

(2)Is there…an'a'that?这句有省略,等于 is there anyone who,because of honest poverty,hangs his head,and all that?其中honest=honourable,光明正大的; hings=hangs;and all that:如此等等。 

(3)guinea's stamp:金币(畿尼,值二十一先令)上的花纹。 

(4)gowd:gold的变体。 

(5)hamely fare:粗茶淡饭。hamely是homely的变体。 

(6)hoddin grey:灰色粗呢衣(贫苦农民所穿)。hoddin= hodden。 

(7) Gie=give。 

(8) tinsel show;华而不实的外表。 

(9)tho'e'er sae poor:though(he should be)ever so poor,不管怎么穷。Sea 是 so 的变体。 

(10) king o'men=king of men,人杰, 

(11) yon=yonder。 

(12) birkie:神气活现的家伙。 

(13) ca'd=called。 

(14) Wha=who。 

(15)Thou'hundreds worship at his word:虽然他一呼百喏。 

(16) He's but a coof=he is only a fool。cool为cuif的变体。 

(17)ribband=ribbon,绶带(爵位的标志)。 

(18)mak a belted knight,封人为爵士。mak是make的变体,belted:系带子的(表示有爵位)。 

(19) aboon his might:在他的权力之上,不受他管。aboon=above;might=power。 

(20)Guid faith=good faith,老实说(发誓语)。 

(21) he mauna fa'that=he must not claim that,他得不到那种权力。意谓君王虽能封官,但对好人无能为力。 

(22) The pith o'sense:真知灼见的力量。pith:[古]力量。 

(23) pride o'worth:值得自豪的品格。pride:自豪感,worth:高尚的品格等。 

(24) come it may=it may come,这可能成为现实。 

(25) As come it will=As it will come,因为这一定能成为现实。 

(26)bear the gree;carry off the prize,赢得胜利。 

(27) It's comin=It's coming,这正在变成现实。It指下行开始的That从句。 

(28)brithers=brothers。 

 

人总是人,不管那一切

罗伯特.彭斯 

是否有人因清白的贫穷,

便垂头丧气,这样那样的?

这种怯懦的奴才,我们不睬他--

我们敢于做穷人,不管那一切!

不管那一切,那一切,

我们干的活儿低贱,这样那样的,

官位不过是金币上的图案,

人才是真金,不管那一切.

 

我们吃粗茶淡饭,

穿破旧衣服,这样那样的,算得了什么?

让蠢人穿绫罗绸缎,让恶棍去花天酒地,

人总是人,不管那一切.

不管那一切,那一切,

他们虚有其表,这样那样的,

清白的人虽然一贫如洗,

却是人中英杰,不管那一切.

 

你看那个家伙,被称作"老爷",

高视阔步,这样那样的?

尽管上千人任凭他使唤,

他不过是个傻瓜,不管那一切。

不管那一切,那一切,

他那绶带,星章,这样那样的,

有独立见解的人

看了只会嗤笑那一切。

 

君王可以钦赐佩带册封爵士,

侯爵、公爵,这样那样的!

但是清白的人可不服他的管--

老实说,君王的权力对他毫无作用!

不管那一切,那一切,

他们权势显赫,这样那样的,

洞察真理的睿智,值得自豪的品格,

高于那一切。 

 

那么,让我们祈祷,但愿那一天会来到--

不管那一切,那一天必定会来到,

那时智慧和品格将在全世界

赢得胜利,这样那样的!

不管那一切,那一切,

那一天就要来到,不管那一切,

那时普天之下

人人皆是兄弟,不管那一切。 

 

17

An October Sunrise

Richard Doddridge Blackmore

I was up the next morning before the October sunrise, and away through the wild and the woodland. The rising of the sun was noble in the cold and warmth of it; peeping down the spread of light, be raised his shoulder heavily over the edge of gray mountain and wavering length of upland. Beneath his gaze the dew-fogs dipped and crept to the hollow places, then stole away in line and column, holding skirts and clinging subtly at the sheltering comers where rock hung over grass-land, while the brave lines of the hills came forth, one beyond other gliding(1).

The woods arose in folds, like drapery of awakened mountains, stately with a depth of awe, and memory of the tempests(2). Autumn's mellow hand was upon them, as they owned already, touched with gold and red and olive, and their joy towards the sun was less to a bridegroom than a father.

Yet before the floating impress of the woods could clear itself, suddenly the gladsome light leaped over hill and valley, casting amber, blue, and purple, and a tint of rich red rose, according to the scene they lit on, and the curtain flung around; yet all alike dispelling fear and the cloven hoof(3) of darkness, all on the wings of hope advancing, and proclaiming, "God is here !" Then life and joy sprang reassured from every crouching hollow; every flower and bud and bird had a fluttering sense of them(4), and all the flashing of God's gaze merged into soft beneficence.

So, perhaps, shall break upon us that eternal morning, when crag and chasm shall be no more, neither hill and valley, nor great unvintaged ocean; when glory shall not scare happiness, neither happiness envy glory; but all things shall arise, and shine in the light of the Father's countenance, because itself is risen.

 

*注释

(1)one beyond other gliding:形容雾气散开时,一座座山峦相继浮现出来时的情景。

(2)…stately with a depth of awe,and memory of the tempests:端庄威严,唤起狂风暴雨的回忆。全句的涵义是群山上的树木的层叠形状,会使人想起风云骤起的情景。

(3) cloven hoof原指魔鬼的蹄子。这里把darkness比喻作如恶魔一般的不祥之物。

(4)a fluttering sense of them:them指life和joy,意为花朵抖动花瓣,蓓蕾含苞欲放,鸟雀振羽展翅,充满了一派生机和喜悦。

十月的日出

理查德·D·布莱克默

第二天凌晨,在十月的太阳升起之前,我已经起身,并穿过旷野和丛林。十月的清晨乍寒还暖,日出的景象是很壮观的。透过一片晨曦,朝日从朦胧的山岗和起伏连绵的高地边际,沉重地抬起肩头。在它的逼视下,漾漾的雾气向下沉降,落到洼地里去,接着化成一丝丝一缕缕,悄悄地飘去了,而在草地之上悬岩之下的那些隐蔽角落里,雾气却还在引裾徘徊,而群山的雄姿却在接二连三地涌现。

树木层层叠叠,宛若披在刚被唤醒的山峦上的斗篷,端庄威严,唤起狂风暴雨的回忆。秋季的成熟的手已经在抚摸它们了,它们顺从秋季的到来,染上了金黄,丹红和榄榄绿。它们对朝日所怀的一片喜悦,象是奉献给一个新郎的,但更象是奉献给一位尊长的。

然而,在树林的缥渺的印象逝去之前,突然那欢悦的晨光跃过峰峦和山谷,光线所及,把照到的景致和撒开的帷幕分别染成青色;紫色、琥珀色和富丽的红玫瑰色。而所有的一切都同样在驱散恐惧和黑暗的魔影,所有的一切都展开希望的翅膀,向前飞翔,并大声宣告"上帝来到这里"于是生命和欢乐从每一个蜷伏的洞穴里信心十足地欣然跃出,一切花朵、蓓蕾和鸟雀都感到了生命和欢乐而抖动起来,上帝炯炯的目光全部融入温柔的恩泽。

也许,那永恒的晨光就会这样降临人间,那时不再有魄岩沟壑,不再有峰峦山谷,也不再有浩瀚而无益的海洋,那时荣耀不会吓走幸福,幸福也不会忌妒荣耀,万物都将涌跃升腾,在造物主慈爱的光芒中生辉,因为太阳已经升起。

 

18

The Story Of A Fire

Jacob August Rits

Thirteen years have passed since, but it is all to me as if it had happened yesterday, -- the clanging of the fire-bells, the hoarse shouts of the firemen, the wild rush and terror of the streets; then the great hush that fell upon the crowd; the sea of upturned faces(1) with the fire glow upon it; and there, against the background of black smoke that poured from roof and attic, the boy clinging to the narrow ledge so far up that it seemed humanly impossible that help could ever come.

But even then it was coming. Up from the street, while the crew of the truck-company were labouring with the heavy extension ladder that at its longest stretch was many feet too short, crept four men upon long slender poles with cross- bars, iron-hooked at the end. Standing in one window, they reached up and thrust the hook through the next one above, then mounted a storey higher. Again the crash of glass, and again the dizzy ascent. Straight up the wall they crept, looking like human flies on the ceiling, and clinging as close, never resting, reaching one recess only to set out for the next; nearer and nearer in the race for life, until but a single span separated the foremost from the boy. And now the iron hook fell at his feet, and the fireman stood upon the step with :the rescued lad in his arms, just as the pentup flame burst lurid from the attic window, reaching with impotent fury for its prey(2). The next moment the) were safe upon the great ladder waiting to receive them below.

Then such a shout went up ! Men fell on each other's necks, and cried and laughed at once. trangers slapped one another on the back with glistening faces, shook hands, and behaved generally like men gone suddenly mad. Women wept in the street. The driver of a car stalled in the crowd, who had stood through it all speechless, clutching the reins, whipped his horses into a gallop and drove away, yelling like a Comanche(3), to relieve his feelings(4). The boy and his rescuer were carried across the street without anyone knowing how. Policemen forgot their dignity and shouted with the rest. Fire, peril, terror, and loss were alike forgotten in the one touch of nature(5) that makes the whole world kin.

Fireman John Binns was made captain of his crew, and the Bennett medal was pinned on his coat on the next parade day.

 

*注释

(1) the sea of upturned faces:无数张仰起的脸。一般用a sea of...表示"许许多多,一大片"。这里作者回忆从前的情景,一切都历历在目,所以用定冠词。

(2) prey:猎物,牺牲品。这里是指火焰所要攫取的小男孩。

(3)Comanche:科曼契人(美国印地安人)。

(4)to relieve his feelings:发泄其感情。

(5)the one touch of nature:自然赋予人类的感情,本性。

 

火灾见闻

雅各布·里斯

事情已经过去十三年了,然而对我来说,它仿佛是昨天才发生似的--报火警钟的当当声,消防队员声嘶力竭的喊叫声,大街上人们狂奔乱跑,惊恐万分。突然,人群寂静无声。熊熊的火光照着那无数张向上仰望着的脸。那边,小男孩紧紧地拽住墙壁上狭窄的突出部分,后面是屋顶和顶楼里喷涌而出的黑烟,他离地面是那么高,看来人力是无法搭救他的了。

但是,尽管这样,还是有人来搭救了。消防梯车上的救火队员正在费劲地架起笨重的伸缩梯,但是那梯子伸足后还是太短,差了一大截。这时候,四名消防队员缘着细长的杆子从街面往楼上爬,杆子上装有横档,顶端用铁钩钩住。他们站上一扇窗口,把杆子伸上去,用钩子钩住上面的窗子,随后又爬上一层楼。接着,又一阵砸碎玻璃的砰砰声,又一次令人头晕目眩的攀登。他们沿着墙壁笔直地往上爬,看上去小得好似天花板上的苍蝇。四名消防队员紧贴着墙,不歇气地一个窗台接着一个窗台向上爬。在这场争夺生命的竞赛中,他们愈爬愈近了,爬在最前面的消防队员离小孩只剩下一柞的距离了。这时候,铁钩落到了孩子的脚下,接着,消防队员站在踏脚上,用双手抱下了小男孩。就在这一刹那,一片火光,烈焰终于冲破浓烟,猛地从顶楼窗口喷了出来,想攫住它嘴边的猎物,可是却只能白白地冒火了。接着,消防队员和小男孩安然踏上了在下面候着他们的大梯子。

一下于,爆发出一阵热烈的欢呼声。男人们互相搂着脖子,又是叫,又是笑。互不相识的人拍打着对方的背脊,相互握手,脸上喜气洋洋,一个个象突然疯了似的。女人们在街上哭泣。一个马车夫连车带入被阻塞在人群牛,他紧握缰绳,自始至终没说过一句话,这时一声响鞭,策马驱车,飞驰而去,象科曼契人那样叫喊着,以发泄他心中的情感。那个小男孩和他的救命恩人被人们高抬着穿过大街,谁也不知道怎么会这样的。警察也忘了他们自己的身分,跟着别人高声欢呼。这四海之内皆兄弟的本性使人们把大火、险情、恐惧和损失全都忘得一千二净。

救火员约翰.宾斯被任命为消防队长。在下一次检阅中,宾斯的外衣上给佩上了一枚贝内特奖章。

 

19

The Burglar In Hyde Park

 

Loud shouting in the distance made us look up. This was nothing unusual for Hyde Park, for many people come here on a Sunday to air their views, and shouting is the only means by which they can make themselves heard. We had become part of a large crowd which moved from speaker to speaker to hear what each one had to say. So far, we had listened to political speeches, serious debates, and lonely singers wailing dolefully to themselves. Now the newcomer attracted our attention, mainly because of the extreme loudness of his voice.

We soon discovered that the cause of all this commotion was certainly the ugliest fellow we had ever seen. He was completely bald and his face was painted red and blue so that he looked rather like a Red Indian chieftain. When a reasonable crowd had gathered, the man quietened down, surveyed everybody with some contempt, and proceeded to undo his shirt. Soon he was displaying a huge, coloured tattoo which covered the whole of his back and chest. When the man was satisfied that he had produced the desired effect on the crowd, he explained quite plainly that he was a burglar and wanted to say a few words about his trade. He commenced by criticizing the police severely tor impeding him in his work. Policemen, he explained, were ungrateful to him, because it was people like himself who kept them busy. These remarks so astonished the crowd, that it drew round him closer, anxious to hear more. The man began describing the art of getting through a closed window at night, when a formidable old lady shook her umbrella at him and said that if he did not go away, she would call a policeman. The burglar calmly pointed out that the police were his friends, and only took an interest in him when he was about his 'lawful' work(2). Glaring at the crowd, he said that if anyone else had any further comments to make, he would be glad to meet him in the dark(3). The crowd laughed uneasily, but the old lady stalked off(4) angrily to fetch a policeman. We waited expectantly to see what would happen as the burglar continued to explain how easy it was to pick a lock(5) with a hairpin.

 

*注释

(1) Hyde Park:伦敦的海德公园,因常常举行各种政治性集会而著称。

(2) was about his…work:在从事于自己的……工作。

(3)to meet him in the dark:与他秘密会淡。in the dark此处解作"不为人知","偷偷地"。

(4)stalked off;高视阔步地离去。

(5)pick a lock;撬锁。

海德公园里的窃贼

L.G.亚历山大

远处的大声叫嚷引起我们抬头看望。这在海德公园是很寻常的事,因为有许多人星期天来这里发表自己的观点,而只有大声叫喊才能使别人听清楚他们讲话。我们随着人群在一个又一个演讲者的跟前拥过去,听他们各自要说些什么。到这时为止,我们已经听了一些政治演说,严肃的辩论以及孤独的歌唱者自悲自叹的哀唱。忽然,一个新来者引起了我们的注意,这主要是因为他的嗓门特别高。

我们不久就发觉,引起这场骚动的,肯定是那个我们有生以来所见到的第一号丑汉。他完全秃了顶,满脸涂着红蓝两色,看上去活象一个印第安人的酋长。当一个相当大的人群汇拢以后,他便安静下来,用带有几分轻蔑的目光打量了一下每个人,接着开始脱衬衣。不一会,他向众人展示了满布他前胸和后背的彩色文身。当他相信在群众中已经产生了预期的效果时,便很坦率地表明自己是个撬窃贼,想就自己所干的那一行谈一些想法。他一开始就严厉地批评警察妨碍他的工作。他解释道,警察对他忘恩负义,因为正是象他这种人才使警察忙忙碌碌。他的这一番话使周围的人感到惊讶,就朝他靠得更近,急于想听听下文。那人开始描述他深夜撬窗入室的窍门,而就在那时,一个威风凛凛的老太婆朝他挥舞着雨伞,并且说,要是他不离开的话,她就要去叫警察。窃贼若无其事地向她指出;警察都是他的朋友,只有当他在干他的"法定的"工作时,他们才对他感兴趣。窃贼虎视眈眈地望着人群说,假若有什么人还有意见要发表的话,他将乐意与他秘密会谈。人群中发出了不自然的笑声,而那个老太婆却愤然大踏步离开了人群去叫警察。当窃贼接下去讲述用发夹撬开一把锁是如何轻而易举的时候,我们倒很想瞧一瞧结局将会怎样。

 

20

Work

 

It is physically impossible for a well-educated, intellectual, or brave man to make money the chief object of his thoughts; as physically impossible as(1) it is for him to make his dinner the principal object of them. All healthy people like their dinner, but their dinner is not the main object of their lives. So all healthy-minded people like making money- ought to like it and to enjoy the sensation of winning it; but the main object of their lives is not money; it is something better than money.

A good soldier, for instance, mainly wishes to do his fighting well. He is glad of his pay- very properly so(2), and justly grumbles when you keep him ten months without it; still, his main notion of life is to win battles, not to be paid for winning them.

So of doctors. They like fees no doubt- ought to like them; yet if they are brave and well educated, the en- tire object of their lives is not fees. They, on the whole, desire to cure the sick, and--if they are good doctors, and the choice were fairly put to them(3) --would rather cure their patient and lose their fee than kill him and get it. And so with all other brave and rightly trained men; their work is first, their fee second, very important always, but still second.

But in every nation, there is a vast class of people who are cowardly, and more or less stupid. And with these people, just as certainly the fee is first and the work second, as with brave people the work is first and the fee second.

And this is no small distinction. It is the whole distinction. It is the whole distinction in a man. You can- not serve two masters; you must serve one or the other. If your work is first with you, and your fee second, work is your master.

Observe, then, all wise work is mainly threefold in character. It is honest, useful, and cheerful. I hardly know anything more strange than that you recognize honesty in play, and do not in work(4). In your lightest games you have always someone to see what you call "fair play". In boxing you must hit fair; in racing, start fair. Your watchword is fair play; your hatred, foul play. Did it ever strike you that you wanted another watchword also, fair work, and another hatred also , foul work ?

 

*注释

(1) as physically impossible as...: 是 it is as physically impossible for a well-educated,ntellectual,or brave man to make money the chief object of his thoughts as...的省略形式,实际上当然不会采用这种累赘的说法。后面的as所引出的是一个比较状语从句。physically impossible作"违反自然法则的,不可能的"解。

(2) very properly so:感到高兴是合乎情理的。so代替前面的glad。

(3)if...the choice were fairly put to them:如果他们是好医生,同时公正地要求他们作出选择的话。这句中用be的虚拟语气形式Were,因为作者认为治病收费是理所当然的,因此所谓公正地要求医生作出下列选择的情况基本上是不存在的。

(4)do not in work:do not后省略了recognize honesty。

 

 

一个受过良好教育,有知识或有胆识的人实在不可能把金钱作为他孜孜以求的主要目标,正如他不可能把吃饭当作最主要的目标一样。一切健康的人都吃得很香,但是吃饭并不是他们生活的主要目标。同样道理,一切思想健康的人都想得到收入--理所当然,并且为得到收入而由衷地高兴,然而他们生活的主要目标并不是钱,而是比钱更有价值的东西。

例如,一个优秀的士兵总是想把仗打好。他为自己的薪饷感到高兴--完全合乎情理,如果你扣发他十个月军饷,他当然要抱怨。然而他的生活要旨仍然是夺取战斗的胜利,而不是为了薪饷去打胜仗。

医生也是这样。他们当然都喜欢收诊费--理所当然,然而,如果他们是有胆识的、受过良好教育的,那他们生活的全部目标就不是为了收费。总的说来,他们都想把病人治好,而且--如果他们是好医生,同时公平地要他们作出选择的话--他们宁愿把病人治愈而得不到诊金,也不愿为了诊金却把病人治死。所有其他有胆识的、受过正当培养的人也都是这样,对他们来说,工作是第一位的,报酬则是第二位的,虽然报酬总是非常重要的,但终究是第二位的。

  可是,在每一个国家里都有一大批怯懦的,多少有点愚蠢的人。对于这些人来说,报酬是第一位的,工作是第二位的,正如刘于有胆识的人说来工作是第一位的,而报酬则是第二位的。

这决不是细微的差异。这是至关重要的根本差异。这是区别一个人的根本差异。你不能侍奉两个主人,你必须择一而从。如果你的工作是第一位的,报酬是第二位的,那么工作就是你的主人。

要知道,一切明智的工作大都具有三重性:诚实、有用和令人愉快。我几乎不知道还有比你在娱乐中讲究诚实而在工作上却不讲诚实更为奇怪的事了。在最轻松的游戏中你也总要有人支持你所说的"公正比赛"。拳击时,你必须按照比赛规则去打,赛跑时,起跑要符合规定。你的口号是公正比赛,你所憎恨的是不公正比赛。你可曾想到对待工作你也要有一条口号,那就是老老实实,而你该憎恨的是寡廉鲜耻?